osu/osu.Game/Graphics/ParticleSpewer.cs

// Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
// See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.

#nullable disable

using System;
using System.Diagnostics;
using osu.Framework.Bindables;
using osu.Framework.Graphics;
using osu.Framework.Graphics.Primitives;
using osu.Framework.Graphics.Rendering;
using osu.Framework.Graphics.Sprites;
using osu.Framework.Graphics.Textures;
using osu.Framework.Utils;
using osuTK;

namespace osu.Game.Graphics
{
    public abstract partial class ParticleSpewer : Sprite
    {
        private readonly FallingParticle[] particles;
        private int currentIndex;
        private double? lastParticleAdded;

        private readonly double timeBetweenSpawns;
        private readonly double maxDuration;

        /// <summary>
        /// Determines whether particles are being spawned.
        /// </summary>
        public readonly BindableBool Active = new BindableBool();

        public override bool IsPresent => base.IsPresent && hasActiveParticles;

        protected virtual bool CanSpawnParticles => true;
        protected virtual float ParticleGravity => 0;

        private bool hasActiveParticles => Active.Value || (lastParticleAdded + maxDuration) > Time.Current;

        protected ParticleSpewer(Texture texture, int perSecond, double maxDuration)
        {
            Texture = texture;
            Blending = BlendingParameters.Additive;

            particles = new FallingParticle[perSecond * (int)Math.Ceiling(maxDuration / 1000)];

            timeBetweenSpawns = 1000f / perSecond;
            this.maxDuration = maxDuration;
        }

        protected override void LoadComplete()
        {
            base.LoadComplete();

            Active.BindValueChanged(active =>
            {
                // ensure that particles can be spawned immediately after the spewer becomes active.
                if (active.NewValue)
                    lastParticleAdded = null;
            });
        }

        protected override void Update()
        {
            base.Update();

            Invalidate(Invalidation.DrawNode);

            if (!Active.Value || !CanSpawnParticles)
                return;

            if (lastParticleAdded == null)
            {
                lastParticleAdded = Time.Current;
                spawnParticle();
                return;
            }

            double timeElapsed = Time.Current - lastParticleAdded.Value;

            // Avoid spawning too many particles if a long amount of time has passed.
            if (Math.Abs(timeElapsed) > maxDuration)
            {
                lastParticleAdded = Time.Current;
                spawnParticle();
                return;
            }

            Debug.Assert(lastParticleAdded != null);

            for (int i = 0; i < timeElapsed / timeBetweenSpawns; i++)
            {
                lastParticleAdded += timeBetweenSpawns;
                spawnParticle();
            }
        }

        private void spawnParticle()
        {
            Debug.Assert(lastParticleAdded != null);

            var newParticle = CreateParticle();

            newParticle.StartTime = (float)lastParticleAdded.Value;

            particles[currentIndex] = newParticle;

            currentIndex = (currentIndex + 1) % particles.Length;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Called each time a new particle should be spawned.
        /// </summary>
        protected virtual FallingParticle CreateParticle() => new FallingParticle();

        protected override DrawNode CreateDrawNode() => new ParticleSpewerDrawNode(this);

        #region DrawNode

        private class ParticleSpewerDrawNode : SpriteDrawNode
        {
            private readonly FallingParticle[] particles;

            protected new ParticleSpewer Source => (ParticleSpewer)base.Source;

            private readonly float maxDuration;

            private float currentTime;
            private float gravity;
            private Axes relativePositionAxes;
            private Vector2 sourceSize;

            public ParticleSpewerDrawNode(ParticleSpewer source)
                : base(source)
            {
                particles = new FallingParticle[Source.particles.Length];
                maxDuration = (float)Source.maxDuration;
            }

            public override void ApplyState()
            {
                base.ApplyState();

                Source.particles.CopyTo(particles, 0);

                currentTime = (float)Source.Time.Current;
                gravity = Source.ParticleGravity;
                relativePositionAxes = Source.RelativePositionAxes;
                sourceSize = Source.DrawSize;
            }

            protected override void Blit(IRenderer renderer)
            {
                foreach (var p in particles)
                {
                    if (p.Duration == 0)
                        continue;

                    float timeSinceStart = currentTime - p.StartTime;

                    // ignore particles from the future.
                    // these can appear when seeking in replays.
                    if (timeSinceStart < 0) continue;

                    float alpha = p.AlphaAtTime(timeSinceStart);
                    if (alpha <= 0) continue;

                    var pos = p.PositionAtTime(timeSinceStart, gravity, maxDuration);
                    float scale = p.ScaleAtTime(timeSinceStart);
                    float angle = p.AngleAtTime(timeSinceStart);

                    var rect = createDrawRect(pos, scale);

                    var quad = new Quad(
                        transformPosition(rect.TopLeft, rect.Centre, angle),
                        transformPosition(rect.TopRight, rect.Centre, angle),
                        transformPosition(rect.BottomLeft, rect.Centre, angle),
                        transformPosition(rect.BottomRight, rect.Centre, angle)
                    );

                    renderer.DrawQuad(Texture, quad, DrawColourInfo.Colour.MultiplyAlpha(alpha),
                        inflationPercentage: new Vector2(InflationAmount.X / DrawRectangle.Width, InflationAmount.Y / DrawRectangle.Height),
                        textureCoords: TextureCoords);
                }
            }

            private RectangleF createDrawRect(Vector2 position, float scale)
            {
                float width = Texture.DisplayWidth * scale;
                float height = Texture.DisplayHeight * scale;

                if (relativePositionAxes.HasFlag(Axes.X))
                    position.X *= sourceSize.X;
                if (relativePositionAxes.HasFlag(Axes.Y))
                    position.Y *= sourceSize.Y;

                return new RectangleF(
                    position.X - width / 2,
                    position.Y - height / 2,
                    width,
                    height);
            }

            private Vector2 transformPosition(Vector2 pos, Vector2 centre, float angle)
            {
                float cos = MathF.Cos(angle);
                float sin = MathF.Sin(angle);

                float x = centre.X + (pos.X - centre.X) * cos + (pos.Y - centre.Y) * sin;
                float y = centre.Y + (pos.Y - centre.Y) * cos - (pos.X - centre.X) * sin;

                return Vector2Extensions.Transform(new Vector2(x, y), DrawInfo.Matrix);
            }

            protected override bool CanDrawOpaqueInterior => false;
        }

        #endregion

        protected struct FallingParticle
        {
            public float StartTime;
            public Vector2 StartPosition;
            public Vector2 Velocity;
            public float Duration;
            public float StartAngle;
            public float EndAngle;
            public float EndScale;

            public float AlphaAtTime(float timeSinceStart) => 1 - progressAtTime(timeSinceStart);

            public float ScaleAtTime(float timeSinceStart) => (float)Interpolation.Lerp(1, EndScale, progressAtTime(timeSinceStart));

            public float AngleAtTime(float timeSinceStart) => (float)Interpolation.Lerp(StartAngle, EndAngle, progressAtTime(timeSinceStart));

            public Vector2 PositionAtTime(float timeSinceStart, float gravity, float maxDuration)
            {
                float progress = progressAtTime(timeSinceStart);
                var currentGravity = new Vector2(0, gravity * Duration / maxDuration * progress);

                return StartPosition + (Velocity + currentGravity) * timeSinceStart / maxDuration;
            }

            private float progressAtTime(float timeSinceStart) => Math.Clamp(timeSinceStart / Duration, 0, 1);
        }
    }
}