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187dbfc4ae
This change adds 4 new CPU related metrics: * process_mperf_total * processor_rtc_total * processor_utility_total * processor_privileged_utility_total and renames the existing process_performance to processor_performance_total, since it was previously misunderstood and was unlikely to be have been useful without the above new metrics The data sources for these are not particularly well understood, and the examples show that in some cases, arbitrary scaling factors are required to actually make them useful, but in my testing on hundreds of systems with a broad range of CPUs and operating systems from 2012r2 through to 2019 has proved out that we can use them to accurately display actual CPU frequencies and CPU utilisation as it is represented in taskmgr. Things I don't particularly like and would like input on: * I would have preferred to do the scaling of processor_mperf_total in the code, but there isn't an elegant way of doing this right now. * Maybe processor_mperf_total should be called processor_mperformance_total. See #787 for discussion. Signed-off-by: Steffen Higel <higels@valvesoftware.com>
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4.5 KiB
cpu collector
The cpu collector exposes metrics about CPU usage
Metric name prefix | cpu |
Data source | Perflib |
Counters | ProcessorInformation (Windows Server 2008R2 and later) Processor (older versions) |
Enabled by default? | Yes |
Flags
None
Metrics
These metrics are available on all versions of Windows:
Name | Description | Type | Labels |
---|---|---|---|
windows_cpu_cstate_seconds_total |
Time spent in low-power idle states | counter | core , state |
windows_cpu_time_total |
Time that processor spent in different modes (dpc, idle, interrupt, privileged, user) | counter | core , mode |
windows_cpu_interrupts_total |
Total number of received and serviced hardware interrupts | counter | core |
windows_cpu_dpcs_total |
Total number of received and serviced deferred procedure calls (DPCs) | counter | core |
These metrics are only exposed on Windows Server 2008R2 and later:
Name | Description | Type | Labels |
---|---|---|---|
windows_cpu_clock_interrupts_total |
Total number of received and serviced clock tick interrupts | counter | core |
windows_cpu_idle_break_events_total |
Total number of time processor was woken from idle | counter | core |
windows_cpu_parking_status |
Parking Status represents whether a processor is parked or not | gauge | core |
windows_cpu_core_frequency_mhz |
Core frequency in megahertz | gauge | core |
windows_cpu_processor_performance_total |
Processor Performance is the number of CPU cycles executing instructions by each core; it is believed to be similar to the value that the APERF MSR would show, were it exposed | counter | core |
windows_cpu_processor_mperf_total |
Processor MPerf Total is proportioanl to the number of TSC ticks each core has accumulated while executing instructions. Due to the manner in which it is presented, it should be scaled by 1e2 to properly line up with Processor Performance Total. As above, it is believed to be closely related to the MPERF MSR. | counter | core |
windows_cpu_processor_rtc_total |
RTC total is assumed to represent the 64Hz tick rate in Windows. It is not by itself useful, but can be used with windows_cpu_processor_utility_total to more accurately measure CPU utilisation than with windows_cpu_time_total |
counter | core |
windows_cpu_processor_utility_total |
Processor Utility Total is a newer, more accurate measure of CPU utilization, in particular handling modern CPUs with variant CPU frequencies. The rate of this counter divided by the rate of windows_cpu_processor_rtc_total should provide an accurate view of CPU utilisation on modern systems, as observed in Task Manager. |
counter | core |
windows_cpu_processor_privileged_utility_total |
Processor Privilged Utility Total, when used in a similar fashion to windows_cpu_processor_utility_total will show the portion of CPU utilization which is happening in privileged mode. |
counter | core |
Example metric
Show frequency of host CPU cores
windows_cpu_core_frequency_mhz{instance="localhost"}
Useful queries
Show cpu usage by mode.
sum by (mode) (irate(windows_cpu_time_total{instance="localhost"}[5m]))
Show per-cpu utilisation using the processor utility metrics
rate(windows_cpu_processor_utility_total{instance="localhost"}[5m]) / rate(windows_cpu_processor_rtc_total{instance="localhost"}[5m])
Show actual average CPU frequency in Hz
avg by(instance) (
1e4 * windows_cpu_core_frequency_mhz{}
* rate(windows_cpu_processor_performance_total{}[5m])
/ rate(windows_cpu_processor_mperf_total{}[5m])
)
Alerting examples
prometheus.rules
# Alert on hosts with more than 80% CPU usage over a 10 minute period
- alert: CpuUsage
expr: 100 - (avg by (instance) (irate(windows_cpu_time_total{mode="idle"}[2m])) * 100) > 80
for: 10m
labels:
severity: warning
annotations:
summary: "CPU Usage (instance {{ $labels.instance }})"
description: "CPU Usage is more than 80%\n VALUE = {{ $value }}\n LABELS: {{ $labels }}"
# Alert on hosts which are not boosting their CPU frequencies
- alert: NoCpuTurbo
expr: |
avg by(instance) (
1e4 * windows_cpu_core_frequency_mhz{}
* rate(windows_cpu_processor_performance_total{}[5m])
/ rate(windows_cpu_processor_mperf_total{}[5m])
)
/
(1e6 * avg by (instance) (windows_cpu_core_frequency_mhz))
< 1.1
for: 1h
annotations:
summary: "CPU Frequency on {{ $labels.instance }} is less than 110% of base frequency, suggesting it is not able to boost.