windows_exporter/exporter.go

//go:build windows

//go:generate go run github.com/tc-hib/go-winres@v0.3.3 make --product-version=git-tag --file-version=git-tag --arch=amd64,arm64

package main

import (
	// Its important that we do these first so that we can register with the Windows service control ASAP to avoid timeouts
	"github.com/prometheus-community/windows_exporter/pkg/initiate"

	"encoding/json"
	"fmt"
	"net/http"
	"net/http/pprof"
	"os"
	"os/user"
	"runtime"
	"sort"
	"strings"

	winlog "github.com/prometheus-community/windows_exporter/pkg/log"
	"github.com/prometheus-community/windows_exporter/pkg/types"
	"github.com/prometheus-community/windows_exporter/pkg/utils"
	"github.com/prometheus-community/windows_exporter/pkg/wmi"

	"github.com/alecthomas/kingpin/v2"
	"github.com/go-kit/log/level"
	"github.com/prometheus-community/windows_exporter/pkg/collector"
	"github.com/prometheus-community/windows_exporter/pkg/config"
	"github.com/prometheus-community/windows_exporter/pkg/log/flag"
	"github.com/prometheus/common/version"
	"github.com/prometheus/exporter-toolkit/web"
	webflag "github.com/prometheus/exporter-toolkit/web/kingpinflag"
	"golang.org/x/sys/windows"
)

// https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/procthread/process-security-and-access-rights
const PROCESS_ALL_ACCESS = windows.STANDARD_RIGHTS_REQUIRED | windows.SYNCHRONIZE | windows.SPECIFIC_RIGHTS_ALL

// Same struct prometheus uses for their /version endpoint.
// Separate copy to avoid pulling all of prometheus as a dependency
type prometheusVersion struct {
	Version   string `json:"version"`
	Revision  string `json:"revision"`
	Branch    string `json:"branch"`
	BuildUser string `json:"buildUser"`
	BuildDate string `json:"buildDate"`
	GoVersion string `json:"goVersion"`
}

// Mapping of priority names to uin32 values required by windows.SetPriorityClass
var priorityStringToInt = map[string]uint32{
	"realtime":    windows.REALTIME_PRIORITY_CLASS,
	"high":        windows.HIGH_PRIORITY_CLASS,
	"abovenormal": windows.ABOVE_NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS,
	"normal":      windows.NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS,
	"belownormal": windows.BELOW_NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS,
	"low":         windows.IDLE_PRIORITY_CLASS,
}

func setPriorityWindows(pid int, priority uint32) error {
	handle, err := windows.OpenProcess(PROCESS_ALL_ACCESS, false, uint32(pid))
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	//nolint:errcheck
	defer windows.CloseHandle(handle) // Technically this can fail, but we ignore it

	err = windows.SetPriorityClass(handle, priority)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	return nil
}

func main() {
	app := kingpin.New("windows_exporter", "A metrics collector for Windows.")
	var (
		configFile = app.Flag(
			"config.file",
			"YAML configuration file to use. Values set in this file will be overridden by CLI flags.",
		).String()
		insecure_skip_verify = app.Flag(
			"config.file.insecure-skip-verify",
			"Skip TLS verification in loading YAML configuration.",
		).Default("false").Bool()
		webConfig   = webflag.AddFlags(app, ":9182")
		metricsPath = app.Flag(
			"telemetry.path",
			"URL path for surfacing collected metrics.",
		).Default("/metrics").String()
		disableExporterMetrics = app.Flag(
			"web.disable-exporter-metrics",
			"Exclude metrics about the exporter itself (promhttp_*, process_*, go_*).",
		).Bool()
		maxRequests = app.Flag(
			"telemetry.max-requests",
			"Maximum number of concurrent requests. 0 to disable.",
		).Default("5").Int()
		enabledCollectors = app.Flag(
			"collectors.enabled",
			"Comma-separated list of collectors to use. Use '[defaults]' as a placeholder for all the collectors enabled by default.").
			Default(types.DefaultCollectors).String()
		printCollectors = app.Flag(
			"collectors.print",
			"If true, print available collectors and exit.",
		).Bool()
		timeoutMargin = app.Flag(
			"scrape.timeout-margin",
			"Seconds to subtract from the timeout allowed by the client. Tune to allow for overhead or high loads.",
		).Default("0.5").Float64()
		debugEnabled = app.Flag(
			"debug.enabled",
			"If true, windows_exporter will expose debug endpoints under /debug/pprof.",
		).Default("false").Bool()
		processPriority = app.Flag(
			"process.priority",
			"Priority of the exporter process. Higher priorities may improve exporter responsiveness during periods of system load. Can be one of [\"realtime\", \"high\", \"abovenormal\", \"normal\", \"belownormal\", \"low\"]",
		).Default("normal").String()
	)

	winlogConfig := &winlog.Config{}
	flag.AddFlags(app, winlogConfig)

	app.Version(version.Print("windows_exporter"))
	app.HelpFlag.Short('h')

	// Initialize collectors before loading and parsing CLI arguments
	collectors := collector.NewWithFlags(app)

	// Load values from configuration file(s). Executable flags must first be parsed, in order
	// to load the specified file(s).
	kingpin.MustParse(app.Parse(os.Args[1:]))
	logger, err := winlog.New(winlogConfig)
	if err != nil {
		_ = level.Error(logger).Log("err", err)
		os.Exit(1)
	}

	_ = level.Debug(logger).Log("msg", "Logging has Started")

	if *configFile != "" {
		resolver, err := config.NewResolver(*configFile, logger, *insecure_skip_verify)
		if err != nil {
			_ = level.Error(logger).Log("msg", "could not load config file", "err", err)
			os.Exit(1)
		}
		err = resolver.Bind(app, os.Args[1:])
		if err != nil {
			_ = level.Error(logger).Log("err", err)
			os.Exit(1)
		}

		// NOTE: This is temporary fix for issue #1092, calling kingpin.Parse
		// twice makes slices flags duplicate its value, this clean up
		// the first parse before the second call.
		*webConfig.WebListenAddresses = (*webConfig.WebListenAddresses)[1:]

		// Parse flags once more to include those discovered in configuration file(s).
		kingpin.MustParse(app.Parse(os.Args[1:]))

		logger, err = winlog.New(winlogConfig)
		if err != nil {
			_ = level.Error(logger).Log("err", err)
			os.Exit(1)
		}
	}

	if *printCollectors {
		collectorNames := collector.Available()
		sort.Strings(collectorNames)

		fmt.Printf("Available collectors:\n")
		for _, n := range collectorNames {
			fmt.Printf(" - %s\n", n)
		}

		return
	}

	// Only set process priority if a non-default and valid value has been set
	if *processPriority != "normal" && priorityStringToInt[*processPriority] != 0 {
		_ = level.Debug(logger).Log("msg", "setting process priority to "+*processPriority)
		err = setPriorityWindows(os.Getpid(), priorityStringToInt[*processPriority])
		if err != nil {
			_ = level.Error(logger).Log("msg", "failed to set process priority", "err", err)
			os.Exit(1)
		}
	}

	if err = wmi.InitWbem(logger); err != nil {
		_ = level.Error(logger).Log("err", err)
		os.Exit(1)
	}

	enabledCollectorList := utils.ExpandEnabledCollectors(*enabledCollectors)
	collectors.Enable(enabledCollectorList)
	collectors.SetLogger(logger)

	// Initialize collectors before loading
	err = collectors.Build()
	if err != nil {
		_ = level.Error(logger).Log("msg", "Couldn't load collectors", "err", err)
		os.Exit(1)
	}
	err = collectors.SetPerfCounterQuery()
	if err != nil {
		_ = level.Error(logger).Log("msg", "Couldn't set performance counter query", "err", err)
		os.Exit(1)
	}

	if u, err := user.Current(); err != nil {
		_ = level.Warn(logger).Log("msg", "Unable to determine which user is running this exporter. More info: https://github.com/golang/go/issues/37348")
	} else {
		_ = level.Info(logger).Log("msg", fmt.Sprintf("Running as %v", u.Username))

		if strings.Contains(u.Username, "ContainerAdministrator") || strings.Contains(u.Username, "ContainerUser") {
			_ = level.Warn(logger).Log("msg", "Running as a preconfigured Windows Container user. This may mean you do not have Windows HostProcess containers configured correctly and some functionality will not work as expected.")
		}
	}

	_ = level.Info(logger).Log("msg", fmt.Sprintf("Enabled collectors: %v", strings.Join(enabledCollectorList, ", ")))

	mux := http.NewServeMux()
	mux.HandleFunc(*metricsPath, withConcurrencyLimit(*maxRequests, collectors.BuildServeHTTP(*disableExporterMetrics, *timeoutMargin)))
	mux.HandleFunc("/health", func(w http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request) {
		w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
		_, err := fmt.Fprintln(w, `{"status":"ok"}`)
		if err != nil {
			_ = level.Debug(logger).Log("msg", "Failed to write to stream", "err", err)
		}
	})
	mux.HandleFunc("/version", func(w http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request) {
		// we can't use "version" directly as it is a package, and not an object that
		// can be serialized.
		err := json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(prometheusVersion{
			Version:   version.Version,
			Revision:  version.Revision,
			Branch:    version.Branch,
			BuildUser: version.BuildUser,
			BuildDate: version.BuildDate,
			GoVersion: version.GoVersion,
		})
		if err != nil {
			http.Error(w, fmt.Sprintf("error encoding JSON: %s", err), http.StatusInternalServerError)
		}
	})

	if *debugEnabled {
		mux.HandleFunc("/debug/pprof/", pprof.Index)
		mux.HandleFunc("/debug/pprof/cmdline", pprof.Cmdline)
		mux.HandleFunc("/debug/pprof/profile", pprof.Profile)
		mux.HandleFunc("/debug/pprof/symbol", pprof.Symbol)
		mux.HandleFunc("/debug/pprof/trace", pprof.Trace)
	}

	_ = level.Info(logger).Log("msg", "Starting windows_exporter", "version", version.Info())
	_ = level.Info(logger).Log("msg", "Build context", "build_context", version.BuildContext())
	_ = level.Debug(logger).Log("msg", "Go MAXPROCS", "procs", runtime.GOMAXPROCS(0))

	go func() {
		server := &http.Server{Handler: mux}
		if err := web.ListenAndServe(server, webConfig, logger); err != nil {
			_ = level.Error(logger).Log("msg", "cannot start windows_exporter", "err", err)
			os.Exit(1)
		}
	}()

	for {
		if <-initiate.StopCh {
			_ = level.Info(logger).Log("msg", "Shutting down windows_exporter")
			break
		}
	}
}

func withConcurrencyLimit(n int, next http.HandlerFunc) http.HandlerFunc {
	if n <= 0 {
		return next
	}

	sem := make(chan struct{}, n)
	return func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
		select {
		case sem <- struct{}{}:
			defer func() { <-sem }()
		default:
			w.WriteHeader(http.StatusServiceUnavailable)
			_, _ = w.Write([]byte("Too many concurrent requests"))
			return
		}
		next(w, r)
	}
}