osu/osu.Game/Database/RealmArchiveModelImporter.cs

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// Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
// See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Humanizer;
using osu.Framework.Extensions;
using osu.Framework.Extensions.IEnumerableExtensions;
using osu.Framework.Logging;
using osu.Framework.Platform;
using osu.Framework.Threading;
using osu.Game.Extensions;
using osu.Game.IO.Archives;
using osu.Game.Models;
using osu.Game.Overlays.Notifications;
using Realms;
namespace osu.Game.Database
{
/// <summary>
/// Encapsulates a model store class to give it import functionality.
/// Adds cross-functionality with <see cref="RealmFileStore"/> to give access to the central file store for the provided model.
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="TModel">The model type.</typeparam>
public abstract class RealmArchiveModelImporter<TModel> : IModelImporter<TModel>
where TModel : RealmObject, IHasRealmFiles, IHasGuidPrimaryKey, ISoftDelete
{
/// <summary>
/// The maximum number of concurrent imports to run per import scheduler.
/// </summary>
private const int import_queue_request_concurrency = 1;
/// <summary>
/// The minimum number of items in a single import call in order for the import to be processed as a batch.
/// Batch imports will apply optimisations preferring speed over consistency when detecting changes in already-imported items.
/// </summary>
private const int minimum_items_considered_batch_import = 10;
/// <summary>
/// A singleton scheduler shared by all <see cref="RealmArchiveModelImporter{TModel}"/>.
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// This scheduler generally performs IO and CPU intensive work so concurrency is limited harshly.
/// It is mainly being used as a queue mechanism for large imports.
/// </remarks>
private static readonly ThreadedTaskScheduler import_scheduler = new ThreadedTaskScheduler(import_queue_request_concurrency, nameof(RealmArchiveModelImporter<TModel>));
/// <summary>
/// A second scheduler for batch imports.
/// For simplicity, these will just run in parallel with normal priority imports, but a future refactor would see this implemented via a custom scheduler/queue.
/// See https://gist.github.com/peppy/f0e118a14751fc832ca30dd48ba3876b for an incomplete version of this.
/// </summary>
private static readonly ThreadedTaskScheduler import_scheduler_batch = new ThreadedTaskScheduler(import_queue_request_concurrency, nameof(RealmArchiveModelImporter<TModel>));
/// <summary>
/// Temporarily pause imports to avoid performance overheads affecting gameplay scenarios.
/// </summary>
public bool PauseImports { get; set; }
public abstract IEnumerable<string> HandledExtensions { get; }
protected readonly RealmFileStore Files;
protected readonly RealmAccess Realm;
/// <summary>
/// Fired when the user requests to view the resulting import.
/// </summary>
public Action<IEnumerable<Live<TModel>>>? PresentImport { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// Set an endpoint for notifications to be posted to.
/// </summary>
public Action<Notification>? PostNotification { get; set; }
protected RealmArchiveModelImporter(Storage storage, RealmAccess realm)
{
Realm = realm;
Files = new RealmFileStore(realm, storage);
}
public Task Import(params string[] paths) => Import(paths.Select(p => new ImportTask(p)).ToArray());
public Task Import(ImportTask[] tasks, ImportParameters parameters = default)
{
var notification = new ProgressNotification { State = ProgressNotificationState.Active };
PostNotification?.Invoke(notification);
return Import(notification, tasks, parameters);
}
public async Task<IEnumerable<Live<TModel>>> Import(ProgressNotification notification, ImportTask[] tasks, ImportParameters parameters = default)
{
if (tasks.Length == 0)
{
notification.CompletionText = $"No {HumanisedModelName}s were found to import!";
notification.State = ProgressNotificationState.Completed;
return Enumerable.Empty<RealmLive<TModel>>();
}
notification.Progress = 0;
notification.Text = $"{HumanisedModelName.Humanize(LetterCasing.Title)} import is initialising...";
int current = 0;
var imported = new List<Live<TModel>>();
parameters.Batch |= tasks.Length >= minimum_items_considered_batch_import;
await Task.WhenAll(tasks.Select(async task =>
{
if (notification.CancellationToken.IsCancellationRequested)
return;
try
{
var model = await Import(task, parameters, notification.CancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);
lock (imported)
{
if (model != null)
imported.Add(model);
current++;
notification.Text = $"Imported {current} of {tasks.Length} {HumanisedModelName}s";
notification.Progress = (float)current / tasks.Length;
}
}
catch (OperationCanceledException)
{
}
catch (Exception e)
{
Logger.Error(e, $@"Could not import ({task})", LoggingTarget.Database);
}
})).ConfigureAwait(false);
if (imported.Count == 0)
{
if (notification.CancellationToken.IsCancellationRequested)
{
notification.State = ProgressNotificationState.Cancelled;
return imported;
}
notification.Text = $"{HumanisedModelName.Humanize(LetterCasing.Title)} import failed!";
notification.State = ProgressNotificationState.Cancelled;
}
else
{
if (tasks.Length > imported.Count)
notification.CompletionText = $"Imported {imported.Count} of {tasks.Length} {HumanisedModelName}s.";
else if (imported.Count > 1)
notification.CompletionText = $"Imported {imported.Count} {HumanisedModelName}s!";
else
notification.CompletionText = $"Imported {imported.First().GetDisplayString()}!";
if (imported.Count > 0 && PresentImport != null)
{
notification.CompletionText += " Click to view.";
notification.CompletionClickAction = () =>
{
PresentImport?.Invoke(imported);
return true;
};
}
notification.State = ProgressNotificationState.Completed;
}
return imported;
}
public virtual Task<Live<TModel>?> ImportAsUpdate(ProgressNotification notification, ImportTask task, TModel original) => throw new NotImplementedException();
/// <summary>
/// Import one <typeparamref name="TModel"/> from the filesystem and delete the file on success.
/// Note that this bypasses the UI flow and should only be used for special cases or testing.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="task">The <see cref="ImportTask"/> containing data about the <typeparamref name="TModel"/> to import.</param>
/// <param name="parameters">Parameters to further configure the import process.</param>
/// <param name="cancellationToken">An optional cancellation token.</param>
/// <returns>The imported model, if successful.</returns>
public async Task<Live<TModel>?> Import(ImportTask task, ImportParameters parameters = default, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
{
cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
Live<TModel>? import;
using (ArchiveReader reader = task.GetReader())
import = await importFromArchive(reader, parameters, cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);
// We may or may not want to delete the file depending on where it is stored.
// e.g. reconstructing/repairing database with items from default storage.
// Also, not always a single file, i.e. for LegacyFilesystemReader
// TODO: Add a check to prevent files from storage to be deleted.
try
{
if (import != null && ShouldDeleteArchive(task.Path))
task.DeleteFile();
}
catch (Exception e)
{
Logger.Error(e, $@"Could not delete original file after import ({task})");
}
return import;
}
/// <summary>
/// Create and import a model based off the provided <see cref="ArchiveReader"/>.
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// This method also handled queueing the import task on a relevant import thread pool.
/// </remarks>
/// <param name="archive">The archive to be imported.</param>
/// <param name="parameters">Parameters to further configure the import process.</param>
/// <param name="cancellationToken">An optional cancellation token.</param>
private async Task<Live<TModel>?> importFromArchive(ArchiveReader archive, ImportParameters parameters = default, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
{
cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
TModel? model = null;
try
{
model = CreateModel(archive);
if (model == null)
return null;
}
catch (TaskCanceledException)
{
throw;
}
catch (Exception e)
{
LogForModel(model, @$"Model creation of {archive.Name} failed.", e);
return null;
}
var scheduledImport = Task.Factory.StartNew(() => ImportModel(model, archive, parameters, cancellationToken),
cancellationToken,
TaskCreationOptions.HideScheduler,
parameters.Batch ? import_scheduler_batch : import_scheduler);
return await scheduledImport.ConfigureAwait(false);
}
/// <summary>
/// Silently import an item from a <typeparamref name="TModel"/>.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="item">The model to be imported.</param>
/// <param name="archive">An optional archive to use for model population.</param>
/// <param name="parameters">Parameters to further configure the import process.</param>
/// <param name="cancellationToken">An optional cancellation token.</param>
public virtual Live<TModel>? ImportModel(TModel item, ArchiveReader? archive = null, ImportParameters parameters = default, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default) => Realm.Run(realm =>
{
pauseIfNecessary(cancellationToken);
TModel? existing;
if (parameters.Batch && archive != null)
{
// this is a fast bail condition to improve large import performance.
item.Hash = computeHashFast(archive);
existing = CheckForExisting(item, realm);
if (existing != null)
{
// bare minimum comparisons
//
// note that this should really be checking filesizes on disk (of existing files) for some degree of sanity.
// or alternatively doing a faster hash check. either of these require database changes and reprocessing of existing files.
if (CanSkipImport(existing, item) &&
getFilenames(existing.Files).SequenceEqual(getShortenedFilenames(archive).Select(p => p.shortened).OrderBy(f => f)) &&
checkAllFilesExist(existing))
{
LogForModel(item, @$"Found existing (optimised) {HumanisedModelName} for {item} (ID {existing.ID}) skipping import.");
using (var transaction = realm.BeginWrite())
{
UndeleteForReuse(existing);
transaction.Commit();
}
return existing.ToLive(Realm);
}
LogForModel(item, @"Found existing (optimised) but failed pre-check.");
}
}
try
{
// Log output here will be missing a valid hash in non-batch imports.
LogForModel(item, $@"Beginning import from {archive?.Name ?? "unknown"}...");
List<RealmNamedFileUsage> files = new List<RealmNamedFileUsage>();
if (archive != null)
{
// Import files to the disk store.
// We intentionally delay adding to realm to avoid blocking on a write during disk operations.
foreach (var filenames in getShortenedFilenames(archive))
{
using (Stream s = archive.GetStream(filenames.original))
files.Add(new RealmNamedFileUsage(Files.Add(s, realm, false, parameters.PreferHardLinks), filenames.shortened));
}
}
using (var transaction = realm.BeginWrite())
{
// Add all files to realm in one go.
// This is done ahead of the main transaction to ensure we can correctly cleanup the files, even if the import fails.
foreach (var file in files)
{
if (!file.File.IsManaged)
realm.Add(file.File, true);
}
transaction.Commit();
}
item.Files.AddRange(files);
item.Hash = ComputeHash(item);
// TODO: do we want to make the transaction this local? not 100% sure, will need further investigation.
using (var transaction = realm.BeginWrite())
{
// TODO: we may want to run this outside of the transaction.
Populate(item, archive, realm, cancellationToken);
// Populate() may have adjusted file content (see SkinImporter.updateSkinIniMetadata), so regardless of whether a fast check was done earlier, let's
// check for existing items a second time.
//
// If this is ever a performance issue, the fast-check hash can be compared and trigger a skip of this second check if it still matches.
// I don't think it is a huge deal doing a second indexed check, though.
existing = CheckForExisting(item, realm);
if (existing != null)
{
if (CanReuseExisting(existing, item))
{
LogForModel(item, @$"Found existing {HumanisedModelName} for {item} (ID {existing.ID}) skipping import.");
UndeleteForReuse(existing);
transaction.Commit();
return existing.ToLive(Realm);
}
LogForModel(item, @"Found existing but failed re-use check.");
existing.DeletePending = true;
}
PreImport(item, realm);
// import to store
realm.Add(item);
PostImport(item, realm, parameters);
transaction.Commit();
}
LogForModel(item, @"Import successfully completed!");
}
catch (Exception e)
{
if (!(e is TaskCanceledException))
LogForModel(item, @"Database import or population failed and has been rolled back.", e);
throw;
}
return (Live<TModel>?)item.ToLive(Realm);
});
/// <summary>
/// Any file extensions which should be included in hash creation.
/// Generally should include all file types which determine the file's uniqueness.
/// Large files should be avoided if possible.
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// This is only used by the default hash implementation. If <see cref="ComputeHash"/> is overridden, it will not be used.
/// </remarks>
protected abstract string[] HashableFileTypes { get; }
internal static void LogForModel(TModel? model, string message, Exception? e = null)
{
string trimmedHash;
if (model == null || !model.IsValid || string.IsNullOrEmpty(model.Hash))
trimmedHash = "?????";
else
trimmedHash = model.Hash.Substring(0, 5);
string prefix = $"[{trimmedHash}]";
if (e != null)
Logger.Error(e, $"{prefix} {message}", LoggingTarget.Database);
else
Logger.Log($"{prefix} {message}", LoggingTarget.Database);
}
/// <summary>
/// Create a SHA-2 hash from the provided archive based on file content of all files matching <see cref="HashableFileTypes"/>.
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// In the case of no matching files, a hash will be generated from the passed archive's <see cref="ArchiveReader.Name"/>.
/// </remarks>
public string ComputeHash(TModel item)
{
// for now, concatenate all hashable files in the set to create a unique hash.
MemoryStream hashable = new MemoryStream();
foreach (RealmNamedFileUsage file in item.Files.Where(f => HashableFileTypes.Any(ext => f.Filename.EndsWith(ext, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))).OrderBy(f => f.Filename))
{
using (Stream s = Files.Store.GetStream(file.File.GetStoragePath()))
s.CopyTo(hashable);
}
if (hashable.Length > 0)
return hashable.ComputeSHA2Hash();
return item.Hash;
}
private string computeHashFast(ArchiveReader reader)
{
MemoryStream hashable = new MemoryStream();
foreach (string? file in reader.Filenames.Where(f => HashableFileTypes.Any(ext => f.EndsWith(ext, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))).OrderBy(f => f))
{
using (Stream s = reader.GetStream(file))
s.CopyTo(hashable);
}
if (hashable.Length > 0)
return hashable.ComputeSHA2Hash();
return reader.Name.ComputeSHA2Hash();
}
/// <summary>
/// Create all required <see cref="File"/>s for the provided archive, adding them to the global file store.
/// </summary>
private List<RealmNamedFileUsage> createFileInfos(ArchiveReader reader, RealmFileStore files, Realm realm)
{
var fileInfos = new List<RealmNamedFileUsage>();
return fileInfos;
}
private IEnumerable<(string original, string shortened)> getShortenedFilenames(ArchiveReader reader)
{
string prefix = reader.Filenames.GetCommonPrefix();
if (!(prefix.EndsWith('/') || prefix.EndsWith('\\')))
prefix = string.Empty;
foreach (string file in reader.Filenames)
yield return (file, file.Substring(prefix.Length).ToStandardisedPath());
}
/// <summary>
/// Create a barebones model from the provided archive.
/// Actual expensive population should be done in <see cref="Populate"/>; this should just prepare for duplicate checking.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="archive">The archive to create the model for.</param>
/// <returns>A model populated with minimal information. Returning a null will abort importing silently.</returns>
protected abstract TModel? CreateModel(ArchiveReader archive);
/// <summary>
/// Populate the provided model completely from the given archive.
/// After this method, the model should be in a state ready to commit to a store.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="model">The model to populate.</param>
/// <param name="archive">The archive to use as a reference for population. May be null.</param>
/// <param name="realm">The current realm context.</param>
/// <param name="cancellationToken">An optional cancellation token.</param>
protected abstract void Populate(TModel model, ArchiveReader? archive, Realm realm, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default);
/// <summary>
/// Perform any final actions before the import to database executes.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="model">The model prepared for import.</param>
/// <param name="realm">The current realm context.</param>
protected virtual void PreImport(TModel model, Realm realm)
{
}
/// <summary>
/// Perform any final actions before the import has been committed to the database.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="model">The model prepared for import.</param>
/// <param name="realm">The current realm context.</param>
/// <param name="parameters">Parameters to further configure the import process.</param>
protected virtual void PostImport(TModel model, Realm realm, ImportParameters parameters)
{
}
/// <summary>
/// Check whether an existing model already exists for a new import item.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="model">The new model proposed for import.</param>
/// <param name="realm">The current realm context.</param>
/// <returns>An existing model which matches the criteria to skip importing, else null.</returns>
protected TModel? CheckForExisting(TModel model, Realm realm) => string.IsNullOrEmpty(model.Hash) ? null : realm.All<TModel>().FirstOrDefault(b => b.Hash == model.Hash);
/// <summary>
/// Whether import can be skipped after finding an existing import early in the process.
/// Only valid when <see cref="ComputeHash"/> is not overridden.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="existing">The existing model.</param>
/// <param name="import">The newly imported model.</param>
/// <returns>Whether to skip this import completely.</returns>
protected virtual bool CanSkipImport(TModel existing, TModel import) => true;
/// <summary>
/// After an existing <typeparamref name="TModel"/> is found during an import process, the default behaviour is to use/restore the existing
/// item and skip the import. This method allows changing that behaviour.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="existing">The existing model.</param>
/// <param name="import">The newly imported model.</param>
/// <returns>Whether the existing model should be restored and used. Returning false will delete the existing and force a re-import.</returns>
protected virtual bool CanReuseExisting(TModel existing, TModel import) =>
// for the best or worst, we copy and import files of a new import before checking whether
// it is a duplicate. so to check if anything has changed, we can just compare all File IDs.
getIDs(existing.Files).SequenceEqual(getIDs(import.Files)) &&
getFilenames(existing.Files).SequenceEqual(getFilenames(import.Files));
private bool checkAllFilesExist(TModel model) =>
model.Files.All(f => Files.Storage.Exists(f.File.GetStoragePath()));
/// <summary>
/// Called when an existing model is in a soft deleted state but being recovered.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="existing">The existing model.</param>
protected virtual void UndeleteForReuse(TModel existing)
{
if (!existing.DeletePending)
return;
LogForModel(existing, $@"Existing {HumanisedModelName}'s deletion flag has been removed to allow for reuse.");
existing.DeletePending = false;
}
/// <summary>
/// Whether this specified path should be removed after successful import.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="path">The path for consideration. May be a file or a directory.</param>
/// <returns>Whether to perform deletion.</returns>
protected virtual bool ShouldDeleteArchive(string path) => false;
private void pauseIfNecessary(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
if (!PauseImports)
return;
Logger.Log($@"{GetType().Name} is being paused.");
while (PauseImports)
{
cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
Thread.Sleep(500);
}
cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
Logger.Log($@"{GetType().Name} is being resumed.");
}
private IEnumerable<string> getIDs(IEnumerable<INamedFile> files)
{
foreach (var f in files.OrderBy(f => f.Filename))
yield return f.File.Hash;
}
private IEnumerable<string> getFilenames(IEnumerable<INamedFile> files)
{
foreach (var f in files.OrderBy(f => f.Filename))
yield return f.Filename;
}
public virtual string HumanisedModelName => $"{typeof(TModel).Name.Replace(@"Info", "").ToLowerInvariant()}";
}
}