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osquery-defense-kit/detection/c2/unexpected-https-macos.sql

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-- Unexpected programs communicating over HTTPS (state-based)
--
-- references:
-- * https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071/ (C&C, Application Layer Protocol)
--
-- tags: transient state net often
-- platform: macos
SELECT
pos.protocol,
pos.local_port,
pos.remote_port,
pos.remote_address,
pos.local_port,
pos.local_address,
CONCAT (
MIN(p0.euid, 500),
',',
REGEX_MATCH (p0.path, '.*/(.*?)$', 1),
',',
p0.name,
',',
s.authority,
',',
s.identifier
) AS exception_key,
CONCAT (
MIN(p0.euid, 500),
',',
REGEX_MATCH (p0.path, '.*/(.*?)$', 1),
',',
p0.name,
',',
MIN(f.uid, 500),
'u,',
MIN(f.gid, 500),
'g'
) AS alt_exception_key,
-- Child
p0.pid AS p0_pid,
p0.path AS p0_path,
s.authority AS p0_sauth,
s.identifier AS p0_sid,
p0.name AS p0_name,
p0.cmdline AS p0_cmd,
p0.cwd AS p0_cwd,
p0.euid AS p0_euid,
p0_hash.sha256 AS p0_sha256,
-- Parent
p0.parent AS p1_pid,
p1.path AS p1_path,
p1.name AS p1_name,
p1.euid AS p1_euid,
p1.cmdline AS p1_cmd,
p1_hash.sha256 AS p1_sha256,
-- Grandparent
p1.parent AS p2_pid,
p2.name AS p2_name,
p2.path AS p2_path,
p2.cmdline AS p2_cmd,
p2_hash.sha256 AS p2_sha256
FROM
process_open_sockets pos
LEFT JOIN processes p0 ON pos.pid = p0.pid
LEFT JOIN hash p0_hash ON p0.path = p0_hash.path
LEFT JOIN processes p1 ON p0.parent = p1.pid
LEFT JOIN hash p1_hash ON p1.path = p1_hash.path
LEFT JOIN processes p2 ON p1.parent = p2.pid
LEFT JOIN hash p2_hash ON p2.path = p2_hash.path
LEFT JOIN file f ON p0.path = f.path
LEFT JOIN signature s ON p0.path = s.path
WHERE
pos.protocol IN (6, 17)
AND pos.remote_port = 443
AND pos.remote_address NOT IN ('127.0.0.1', '::ffff:127.0.0.1', '::1')
AND pos.remote_address NOT LIKE 'fe80:%'
AND pos.remote_address NOT LIKE '127.%'
AND pos.remote_address NOT LIKE '192.168.%'
AND pos.remote_address NOT LIKE '172.1%'
AND pos.remote_address NOT LIKE '172.2%'
AND pos.remote_address NOT LIKE '172.30.%'
AND pos.remote_address NOT LIKE '172.31.%'
AND pos.remote_address NOT LIKE '::ffff:172.%'
AND pos.remote_address NOT LIKE '10.%'
AND pos.remote_address NOT LIKE '::ffff:10.%'
AND pos.remote_address NOT LIKE 'fdfd:%'
AND pos.remote_address NOT LIKE 'fc00:%'
AND pos.state != 'LISTEN' -- Ignore most common application paths
AND p0.path NOT LIKE '/Applications/%.app/Contents/%'
AND p0.path NOT LIKE '/Library/Apple/System/Library/%'
AND p0.path NOT LIKE '/Library/Application Support/%/Contents/%'
AND p0.path NOT LIKE '/System/Applications/%'
AND p0.path NOT LIKE '/System/Library/%'
AND p0.path NOT LIKE '/Users/%/Library/%.app/Contents/MacOS/%'
AND p0.path NOT LIKE '/Users/%/code/%'
AND p0.path NOT LIKE '/Users/%/src/%'
AND p0.path NOT LIKE '/Users/%/bin/%'
AND p0.path NOT LIKE '/System/%'
AND p0.path NOT LIKE '/Users/%/Library/Caches/JetBrains/%/tmp/GoLand/___%'
AND p0.path NOT LIKE '/opt/%'
AND p0.path NOT LIKE '/usr/libexec/%'
AND p0.path NOT LIKE '/usr/sbin/%'
AND p0.path NOT LIKE '/usr/local/kolide-k2/%'
AND p0.path NOT LIKE '/private/var/folders/%/go-build%/%' -- Apple programs running from weird places, like the UpdateBrainService
AND NOT (
s.identifier LIKE 'com.apple.%'
AND s.authority = 'Software Signing'
)
AND NOT exception_key IN (
'0,AGSService,AGSService,Developer ID Application: Adobe Inc. (JQ525L2MZD),com.adobe.ags',
'0,licenseDaemon,licenseDaemon,Developer ID Application: PACE Anti-Piracy, Inc. (TFZ8226T6X),com.paceap.eden.licenseDaemon',
'500,agent,agent,Developer ID Application: Datadog, Inc. (JKFCB4CN7C),agent',
'500,Authy,Authy,Apple iPhone OS Application Signing,com.authy',
'500,podman,podman,Developer ID Application: Red Hat, Inc. (HYSCB8KRL2),podman',
'500,bash,bash,,bash',
'500,nami,nami,,a.out',
'500,CrossyRoad,CrossyRoad,Apple iPhone OS Application Signing,com.hipsterwhale.crossy',
'500,cloud_sql_proxy,cloud_sql_proxy,,a.out',
'500,com.docker.backend,com.docker.backend,Developer ID Application: Docker Inc (9BNSXJN65R),com.docker.docker',
'500,com.docker.build,com.docker.build,Developer ID Application: Docker Inc (9BNSXJN65R),com.docker',
'500,copilot-language-server,copilot-language-server,Developer ID Application: GitHub (VEKTX9H2N7),copilot-language-server',
'500,Fleet,~/Library/Caches/JetBrains/Fleet',
'500,TextExpander,TextExpander,Developer ID Application: SmileOnMyMac, LLC (7PKJ6G4DXL),com.smileonmymac.textexpander',
'500,gh,gh,,gh',
'500,core,core,Developer ID Application: TPZ Solucoes Digitais Ltda (X37R283V2T),com.topaz.warsaw.core',
'500,git-remote-http,git-remote-http,,git-remote-http-55554944748a32c47cdc35cfa7f071bb69a39ce4',
'500,goland,goland,Developer ID Application: JetBrains s.r.o. (2ZEFAR8TH3),com.jetbrains.goland',
'500,IterableRichNotifications,IterableRichNotifications,Apple iPhone OS Application Signing,com.plexapp.plex.IterableRichNotifications',
'500,java,java,Developer ID Application: Oracle America, Inc. (VB5E2TV963),com.oracle.java.8u401.java',
'500,Java Updater,Java Updater,Developer ID Application: Oracle America, Inc. (VB5E2TV963),com.oracle.java.Java-Updater',
'500,jcef Helper,jcef Helper,Developer ID Application: JetBrains s.r.o. (2ZEFAR8TH3),org.jcef.jcef.helper',
'500,Kindle,Kindle,TestFlight Beta Distribution,com.amazon.Lassen',
'500,krisp Helper,krisp Helper,Developer ID Application: Krisp Technologies, Inc. (U5R26XM5Z2),ai.krisp.krispMac.helper',
'500,krisp,krisp,Developer ID Application: Krisp Technologies, Inc. (U5R26XM5Z2),ai.krisp.krispMac',
'500,kubectl,kubectl,Developer ID Application: Docker Inc (9BNSXJN65R),kubectl',
'500,melange,melange,,a.out',
'500,ngrok,ngrok,Developer ID Application: ngrok LLC (TEX8MHRDQ9),a.out',
'500,node,node,Developer ID Application: Node.js Foundation (HX7739G8FX),node',
'500,Paintbrush,Paintbrush,Developer ID Application: Michael Schreiber (G966ML7VBG),com.soggywaffles.paintbrush',
'500,PlexMobile,PlexMobile,Apple iPhone OS Application Signing,com.plexapp.plex',
'500,Plex,Plex,Developer ID Application: Plex Inc. (K4QJ56KR4A),tv.plex.desktop',
'500,PowerPoint,PowerPoint,Apple Development: Zack Hoherchak (SS9PSPF8UF),PowerPoint',
'500,process-agent,process-agent,Developer ID Application: Datadog, Inc. (JKFCB4CN7C),process-agent',
'500,pycharm,pycharm,Developer ID Application: JetBrains s.r.o. (2ZEFAR8TH3),com.jetbrains.pycharm',
'500,Realm,Realm,Apple iPhone OS Application Signing,camera.youpi.metareal',
'500,sdaudioswitch,sdaudioswitch,,sdaudioswitch',
'500,Signal Helper (Renderer),Signal Helper (Renderer),500u,20g',
'500,Skitch,Skitch,Developer ID Application: Skitch Inc (J8RPQ294UB),com.skitch.skitch',
'500,Sky Go,Sky Go,Developer ID Application: Sky UK Limited (GJ24C8864F),com.bskyb.skygoplayer',
'500,snyk-ls_darwin_arm64,snyk-ls_darwin_arm64,,a.out',
'500,syncthing,syncthing,,syncthing',
'500,apko,apko,,a.out',
'500,.Telegram-wrapped,.Telegram-wrapped,,Telegram',
'500,java,java,Developer ID Application: Azul Systems, Inc. (TDTHCUPYFR),com.azul.zulu.java',
'500,trunk,trunk,Developer ID Application: Trunk Technologies, Inc. (LDR5F9BL92),trunk-cli',
'500,WebexHelper,WebexHelper,Developer ID Application: Cisco (DE8Y96K9QP),Cisco-Systems.SparkHelper',
'500,zed,zed,Developer ID Application: Zed Industries, Inc. (MQ55VZLNZQ),dev.zed.Zed'
)
AND NOT alt_exception_key IN (
'0,velociraptor,velociraptor,0u,0g',
'0,velociraptor,velociraptor,0u,80g',
'500,apko,apko,0u,0g',
'500,apko,apko,500u,20g',
'500,aws,aws,0u,0g',
'500,cargo,cargo,500u,80g',
'500,chainctl,chainctl,0u,0g',
'500,chainctl,chainctl,500u,20g',
'500,chainlink,chainlink,500u,20g',
'500,cilium,cilium,500u,123g',
'500,cloud-sql-proxy,cloud-sql-proxy,500u,20g',
'500,cosign,cosign,0u,500g',
'500,cosign,cosign,500u,20g',
'500,cosign,cosign,500u,80g',
'500,cpu,cpu,500u,20g',
'500,crane,crane,0u,500g',
'500,crane,crane,500u,80g',
'500,docker-scout,docker-scout,500u,20g',
'500,Emacs,Emacs,500u,80g',
'500,gh-dash,gh-dash,500u,20g',
'500,git-credential-osxkeychain,git-credential-osxkeychain,500u,80g',
'500,git,git,0u,500g',
'500,git-remote-http,git-remote-http,500u,20g',
'500,git-remote-http,git-remote-http,500u,80g',
'500,gitsign,gitsign,500u,20g',
'500,go,go,500u,80g',
'500,hugo,hugo,500u,20g',
'500,istioctl,istioctl,500u,20g',
'500,istioctl,istioctl,,a.out',
'500,java,java,0u,0g',
'500,log-streaming,log-streaming,500u,80g',
'500,.man-wrapped,.man-wrapped,0u,500g',
'500,nami,nami,0u,0g',
'500,nix,nix,0u,500g',
'500,nodegizmo,nodegizmo,500u,20g',
'500,pprof,pprof,500u,80g',
'500,pulumi-resource-gcp,pulumi-resource-gcp,500u,20g',
'500,pulumi-resource-github,pulumi-resource-github,500u,20g',
'500,sdaudioswitch,sdaudioswitch,500u,20g',
'500,sdzoomplugin,sdzoomplugin,500u,20g',
'500,session-manager-plugin,session-manager-plugin,0u,0g',
'500,sm-agent,sm-agent,500u,20g',
'500,snyk-macos-arm64,snyk-macos-arm64,500u,20g',
'500,taplo-full-darwin-aarch64,taplo-full-darwin-aarch64,500u,20g',
'500,taplo,taplo,500u,20g',
'500,vexi,vexi,500u,20g',
'500,vim,vim,0u,500g',
'500,twistcli,twistcli,500u,20g',
'500,wolfibump,wolfibump,500u,20g',
'500,wolfictl,wolfictl,0u,0g',
'500,wolfictl,wolfictl,500u,20g'
)
AND NOT s.authority IN (
'Developer ID Application: Adguard Software Limited (TC3Q7MAJXF)',
'Developer ID Application: AMZN Mobile LLC (94KV3E626L)',
'Developer ID Application: Autodesk (XXKJ396S2Y)',
'Developer ID Application: Adobe Inc. (JQ525L2MZD)',
'Developer ID Application: AgileBits Inc. (2BUA8C4S2C)',
'Developer ID Application: ANCHORE, INC. (9MJHKYX5AT)',
'Developer ID Application: Bitdefender SRL (GUNFMW623Y)',
'Developer ID Application: Brave Software, Inc. (KL8N8XSYF4)',
'Developer ID Application: Canonical Group Limited (X4QN7LTP59)',
'Developer ID Application: Corsair Memory, Inc. (Y93VXCB8Q5)',
'Developer ID Application: Denver Technologies, Inc (2BBY89MBSN)',
'Developer ID Application: Docker Inc (9BNSXJN65R)',
'Developer ID Application: TechSmith Corporation (7TQL462TU8)',
'Developer ID Application: Ecamm Network, LLC (5EJH68M642)',
'Developer ID Application: Elasticsearch, Inc (2BT3HPN62Z)',
'Developer ID Application: Farhan Ahmed (4RZN52RN5P)',
'Developer ID Application: Fortinet, Inc (AH4XFXJ7DK)',
'Developer ID Application: GitHub (VEKTX9H2N7)',
'Developer ID Application: Google LLC (EQHXZ8M8AV)',
'Developer ID Application: Hashicorp, Inc. (D38WU7D763)',
'Developer ID Application: Kandji, Inc. (P3FGV63VK7)',
'Developer ID Application: Kolide, Inc (X98UFR7HA3)',
'Developer ID Application: Logitech Inc. (QED4VVPZWA)',
'Developer ID Application: Michael Schreiber (G966ML7VBG)',
'Developer ID Application: Microsoft Corporation (UBF8T346G9)',
'Developer ID Application: Oracle America, Inc. (VB5E2TV963)',
'Developer ID Application: Panic, Inc. (VE8FC488U5)',
'Developer ID Application: PSI Services LLC (73AT498HPV)',
'Developer ID Application: Quiet Riddle Ventures LLC (U68MSDN6DR)',
'Developer ID Application: Rapid7 LLC (UL6CGN7MAL)',
'Developer ID Application: Reflect App, LLC (789ULN5MZB)',
'Developer ID Application: Slack Technologies, Inc. (BQR82RBBHL)',
'Developer ID Application: Spotify (2FNC3A47ZF)',
'Developer ID Application: SteelSeries (6WGL6CHFH2)',
'Developer ID Application: Sublime HQ Pty Ltd (Z6D26JE4Y4)',
'Developer ID Application: Tailscale Inc. (W5364U7YZB)',
'Developer ID Application: Tenable, Inc. (4B8J598M7U)',
'Developer ID Application: Valve Corporation (MXGJJ98X76)',
'Developer ID Application: Zoom Video Communications, Inc. (BJ4HAAB9B3)',
'Developer ID Application: Zwift, Inc (C2GM8Y9VFM)'
)
AND NOT alt_exception_key LIKE '500,terraform-provider-%,terraform-provider-%,500u,20g'
AND NOT alt_exception_key LIKE '500,plugin_host-%,plugin_host-%,500u,20g'
AND NOT alt_exception_key LIKE '500,sm-agent-%,sm-agent-%,500u,20g'
AND NOT p0.path LIKE '/private/var/folders/%/T/GoLand/%'
AND NOT (
exception_key IN (
'500,python3.11,python3.11,,python3.11',
'500,python3.12,python3.12,,python3.12',
'500,Python,Python,,',
'500,Python,Python,0u,80g',
'500,Python,Python,Developer ID Application: Ned Deily (DJ3H93M7VJ),org.python.python',
'500,Python,Python,Developer ID Application: Python Software Foundation (BMM5U3QVKW),org.python.python',
'500,Python,Python,,org.python.python',
'500,Python,Python,,Python'
)
AND (
p0_cmd LIKE '%/gcloud.py%'
OR p0_cmd LIKE '%/google-cloud-sdk/bin/%'
OR p0_cmd LIKE '%/google-cloud-sdk/platform/%'
OR p0_cmd LIKE '%pip install%'
OR p0_cmd LIKE '%pip3 install%'
OR p0_cmd LIKE '%__pip-runner__.py install%'
OR p0_cmd LIKE '%googlecloudsdk/core/metrics_reporter.py%'
OR p0_cmd LIKE '%/bin/aws%'
OR p0_cmd LIKE "%/gsutil/gsutil %"
OR p0_cwd LIKE "/Users/%/github/%"
OR p0_cwd LIKE "/Users/%/src/%"
OR p0_cmd LIKE '%bin/chaingpt %'
OR p0_cmd LIKE '%fetch_commits%'
OR p0_cmd LIKE '%ipykernel_launcher %'
OR p0_cmd LIKE '%/Python update_plugins.py'
OR p0_cmd LIKE '%/pydevd.py'
OR p0_cmd LIKE '%anaconda-navigator%'
)
) -- theScore and other iPhone apps
AND NOT (
s.authority = 'Apple iPhone OS Application Signing'
AND p0.cwd = '/'
AND p0.path = '/private/var/folders/%/Wrapper/%.app/%'
) -- nix socket inheritance
AND NOT (
p0.path LIKE '/nix/store/%/bin/%'
AND p1.path LIKE '/nix/store/%/bin/%'
)
GROUP BY
p0.cmdline
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