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341 lines
10 KiB
Perl
341 lines
10 KiB
Perl
#!/usr/bin/perl
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#
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# D-Link DSL-502T flash utility
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#
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# Copyright (c) 2007 Oliver Jowett <oliver@opencloud.com>
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#
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# Based on adam2flash.pl for the D-Link DSL-G6x4T, which is:
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# Copyright (C) 2005 Felix Fietkau <mailto@nbd.name>
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# based on fbox recovery util by Enrik Berkhan
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#
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# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
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# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
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# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
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# (at your option) any later version.
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#
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# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
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# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
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# GNU General Public License for more details.
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#
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# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
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# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
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# Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
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#
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# The default DSL-502T mtd map looks like this:
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#
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# mtd0 0x90091000,0x903f0000 # filesystem
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# mtd1 0x90010090,0x90091000 # kernel
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# mtd2 0x90000000,0x90010000 # bootloader - DO NOT MODIFY
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# mtd3 0x903f0000,0x90400000 # config space - DO NOT MODIFY
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# mtd4 0x90010000,0x903f0000 # firmware signature + kernel + filesystem, used to flash new firmware
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#
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# i.e. the flash layout is:
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#
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# 90000000-9000FFFF mtd2 bootloader
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# 90010000-9001008F ---- firmware signature )
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# 90010090-90090FFF mtd1 kernel ) mtd4 spans these three regions
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# 90091000-903EFFFF mtd0 filesystem )
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# 903F0000-903FFFFF mtd3 config space
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#
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# The ADAM2 bootloader uses the mtd1 settings to find the start of the image to boot.
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# The image to load contains information about the loadable size of the image. If ADAM2 sees
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# that the image appears to extend beyond the end of mtd1, it will refuse to load it. On
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# the DSL-502T, this manifests as the USB light blinking rapidly on boot.
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#
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# The OpenWRT kernel does not follow quite the same layout:
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# (a) it does not have a 0x90-byte firmware signature prefix
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# (b) it is larger than the default mtd1 size
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#
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# (a) would be avoidable (build a custom image with a 0x90-byte prefix) but (b) is unavoidable.
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# So we *have* to change mtd1. The simplest thing to do seems to make it span all of
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# the flashable area, producing this layout:
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#
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# mtd0 0x90091000,0x903f0000 # filesystem
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# mtd1 0x90010000,0x903f0000 # kernel (CHANGED)
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# mtd2 0x90000000,0x90010000 # bootloader - DO NOT MODIFY
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# mtd3 0x903f0000,0x90400000 # config space - DO NOT MODIFY
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# mtd4 0x90010000,0x903f0000 # kernel + filesystem, used to flash new firmware
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#
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# *** NOTE NOTE NOTE NOTE ***
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#
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# /dev/mtd0 .. /dev/mtd4 when using OpenWRT do **NOT** correspond to the ADAM2 mtd0-4 settings!
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# Instead, OpenWRT scans the MTD itself and determines its own boundaries which are arranged
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# quite differently to ADAM2. It will look something like this, see dmsg on boot:
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#
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# (/dev/mtd0) 0x00000000-0x00010000 : "loader" # Bootloader, read-only
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# (/dev/mtd1) 0x003f0000-0x00400000 : "config" # Config space
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# (/dev/mtd2) 0x00010000-0x003f0000 : "linux" # Firmware area (kernel + root fs + JFFS area)
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# (/dev/mtd3) 0x000d0d58-0x003f0000 : "rootfs" # Root FS, starts immediately after kernel
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# (/dev/mtd4) 0x00280000-0x003f0000 : "rootfs_data" # If rootfs is squashfs, start of JFFS area.
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#
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# All of those boundaries are autodetected by examining the data in flash.
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#
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# *** NOTE NOTE NOTE NOTE ***
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use IO::Socket::INET;
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use Socket;
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use strict;
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use warnings;
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sub usage() {
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print STDERR "Usage: $0 <ip> [-setmtd1] [-noflash] [firmware.bin]\n\n";
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print STDERR "Acquires the ADAM2 bootloader of a D-Link DSL-504T at <ip>\n";
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print STDERR "Power off the device, start this script, then power it on.\n";
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print STDERR "<ip> may be any spare address on the local subnet.\n\n";
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print STDERR "If a firmware file is specified, MTD settings are verified and\n";
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print STDERR "then the firmware is written to the router's flash.\n";
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print STDERR "The firmware type (D-Link or OpenWRT) is automatically detected.\n\n";
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print STDERR " -setmtd1 update mtd1 if it is not the appropriate value for this firmware\n";
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print STDERR " -noflash does normal checks, updates mtd1 if requested, but does not actually write firmware\n\n";
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exit 0;
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}
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my $ip = shift @ARGV;
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$ip and $ip =~ /\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}/ or usage();
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my $probe = IO::Socket::INET->new(Proto => 'udp',
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Broadcast => 1,
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LocalPort => 5035) or die "socket: $!";
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my $setip = unpack("N", inet_aton($ip));
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$setip > 0 or usage();
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my @packets;
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foreach my $ver ([18, 1], [22, 2]) {
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push @packets, pack("vCCVNV", 0, @$ver, 1, $setip, 0);
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}
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print STDERR "Looking for device: ";
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my $broadcast = sockaddr_in(5035, INADDR_BROADCAST);
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my $scanning;
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my $box;
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$SIG{"ALRM"} = sub {
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return if --$scanning <= 0;
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foreach my $packet (@packets) {
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$probe->send($packet, 0, $broadcast);
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}
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print STDERR ".";
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};
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$scanning = 15;
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foreach my $packet (@packets) {
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$probe->send($packet, 0, $broadcast);
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}
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print STDERR ".";
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while($scanning) {
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my $reply;
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alarm(1);
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if (my $peer = $probe->recv($reply, 16)) {
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next if (length($reply) < 16);
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my ($port, $addr) = sockaddr_in($peer);
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my ($major, $minor1, $minor2, $code, $addr2) = unpack("vCCVV", $reply);
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$addr2 = pack("N", $addr2);
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if ($code == 2) {
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$scanning = 0;
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printf STDERR " found!\nADAM2 version $major.$minor1.$minor2 at %s (%s)\n", inet_ntoa($addr), inet_ntoa($addr2);
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$box = inet_ntoa($addr);
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}
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}
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}
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$box or die " not found!\n";
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{
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package ADAM2FTP;
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use base qw(Net::FTP);
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# ADAM2 requires upper case commands, some brain dead firewall doesn't ;-)
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sub _USER {
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shift->command("USER",@_)->response()
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}
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sub _GETENV {
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my $ftp = shift;
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my ($ok, $name, $value);
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$ftp->command("GETENV",@_);
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while(length($ok = $ftp->response()) < 1) {
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my $line = $ftp->getline();
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unless (defined($value)) {
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chomp($line);
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($name, $value) = split(/\s+/, $line, 2);
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}
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}
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$ftp->debug_print(0, "getenv: $value\n")
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if $ftp->debug();
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return $value;
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}
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sub getenv {
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my $ftp = shift;
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my $name = shift;
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return $ftp->_GETENV($name);
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}
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sub _REBOOT {
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shift->command("REBOOT")->response() == Net::FTP::CMD_OK
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}
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sub reboot {
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my $ftp = shift;
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$ftp->_REBOOT;
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$ftp->close;
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}
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}
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my $file;
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my $arg;
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my $noflash = 0;
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my $setmtd1 = 0;
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while ($arg = shift @ARGV) {
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if ($arg eq "-noflash") { $noflash = 1; }
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elsif ($arg eq "-setmtd1") { $setmtd1 = 1; }
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else { $file = $arg; }
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}
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if (!$file) {
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print STDERR "No firmware file specified, exiting.\n";
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exit 0;
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}
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#
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# Firmware checks
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#
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open FILE, "<$file" or die "can't open firmware file\n";
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# D-Link firmware starts with "MTD4" little-endian, then has an image header at 0x90
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# OpenWRT firmware just starts with an image header at 0x00
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my $signature;
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my $sbytes = read FILE, $signature, 4;
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($sbytes == 4) or die "can't read firmware signature: $!";
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my $expectedmtd4 = "0x90010000,0x903f0000";
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my $fwtype;
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my $expectedmtd1;
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if ($signature eq "4DTM") {
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seek FILE, 0x90, 0 or die "can't read firmware signature: $!";
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$sbytes = read FILE, $signature, 4;
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($sbytes == 4) or die "can't read firmware signature: $!";
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if ($signature eq "\x42\xfa\xed\xfe") {
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$fwtype = "D-Link (little-endian)";
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$expectedmtd1 = "0x90010090,0x90091000";
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} elsif ($signature eq "\xde\xad\xbe\x42") {
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$fwtype = "D-Link (big-endian)";
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$expectedmtd1 = "0x90010090,0x90091000";
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}
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} elsif ($signature eq "\x42\xfa\xed\xfe") {
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$fwtype = "OpenWRT (little-endian)";
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$expectedmtd1 = "0x90010000,0x903f0000";
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} elsif ($signature eq "\xde\xad\xbe\x42") {
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$fwtype = "OpenWRT (big-endian)";
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$expectedmtd1 = "0x90010000,0x903f0000";
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}
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$fwtype or die "Unknown firmware signature (are you sure that's the right firmware?)";
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print STDERR "Firmware type: $fwtype\n";
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#
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# Bootloader login
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#
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print STDERR "logging into ADAM2 bootloader.. ";
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my $ftp = ADAM2FTP->new($box, Debug => 0, Timeout => 600) or die "can't open control connection\n";
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$ftp->login("adam2", "adam2") or die "can't login\n";
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print STDERR "ok.\n";
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#
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# Hardware checks
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#
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print STDERR "checking hardware.. ";
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my $prd = $ftp->getenv("ProductID");
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my $usb = $ftp->getenv("usb_prod");
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print STDERR "$prd / $usb.\n";
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($prd eq "AR7RD" || $prd eq "AR7DB") or die "doesn't look like a DSL-502T?";
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($usb eq "DSL-502T") or die "doesn't look like a DSL-502T?";
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#
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# MTD checks and update
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#
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print STDERR "checking MTD settings.. ";
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my $mtd4 = $ftp->getenv("mtd4");
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($mtd4 eq $expectedmtd4) or die "MTD4 was not as expected (should be '$expectedmtd4', was '$mtd4'). Cowardly refusing to do anything about it!";
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# check MTD1 setting and update if needed
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my $mtd1 = $ftp->getenv("mtd1");
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if ($mtd1 ne $expectedmtd1) {
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die "MTD1 was not as expected (should be '$expectedmtd1', was '$mtd1'). Run with -setmtd1 to reset mtd1" unless ($setmtd1);
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print STDERR "Setting mtd1.. ";
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($ftp->command("SETENV","mtd1,$expectedmtd1")->response() == Net::FTP::CMD_OK) or die "can't set mtd1";
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$file = shift @ARGV;
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}
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print STDERR "ok.\n";
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#
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# Firmware size check
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#
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my $fwsize = (stat(FILE))[7];
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printf STDERR "Firmware size: 0x%08x\n", $fwsize;
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my $flashsize;
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$mtd4 =~ /^(0x\w+),(0x\w+)$/ and $flashsize = hex($2) - hex($1);
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printf STDERR "Available flash space: 0x%08x\n", $flashsize;
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die "firmware is too large" if ($flashsize < $fwsize);
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#
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# Flash it!
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#
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if ($noflash) {
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print STDERR "Not flashing firmware as -noflash was specified.\n";
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exit 0;
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}
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seek FILE, 0, 0, or die "can't seek in firmware: $!";
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print STDERR "Preparing to flash.. ";
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($ftp->command("MEDIA FLSH")->response() == Net::FTP::CMD_OK) or die "can't set MEDIA FLSH";
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$ftp->binary() or die "can't set binary mode";
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print STDERR "ok.\n";
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print STDERR "Erasing flash and establishing data connection (this may take a while): ";
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my $dc = $ftp->stor("fs mtd4");
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$dc or die "can't open data connection: $!\n";
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print STDERR "ok.\n";
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print STDERR "Writing firmware: ";
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while ($fwsize > 0) {
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my $buffer;
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my $len = ($fwsize > 1024 ? 1024 : $fwsize);
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my $rbytes = read FILE, $buffer, $len;
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($rbytes < 0) and die "read error on firmware file: $!";
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($rbytes == $len) or die "short read on firmware file ($rbytes < $len)";
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my $wbytes = $dc->write($buffer, $len, 600);
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($wbytes < 0) and die "write error on FTP data connection: $!";
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($rbytes == $wbytes) or die "short write on FTP data connection ($wbytes < $rbytes)";
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$fwsize -= $len;
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print STDERR ".";
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}
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$dc->close();
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print STDERR " done.\n";
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#
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# Reboot
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#
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print STDERR "Rebooting device.\n";
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$ftp->reboot();
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