2017-05-02 07:13:31 +00:00
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.\" $OpenBSD: ssh-keygen.1,v 1.137 2017/05/02 07:13:31 jmc Exp $
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1999-10-28 23:15:49 +00:00
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.\"
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.\" Author: Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>
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.\" Copyright (c) 1995 Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>, Espoo, Finland
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.\" All rights reserved
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.\"
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2000-09-16 02:29:08 +00:00
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.\" As far as I am concerned, the code I have written for this software
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.\" can be used freely for any purpose. Any derived versions of this
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.\" software must be clearly marked as such, and if the derived work is
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.\" incompatible with the protocol description in the RFC file, it must be
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.\" called by a name other than "ssh" or "Secure Shell".
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.\"
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.\"
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2001-03-05 06:59:27 +00:00
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.\" Copyright (c) 1999,2000 Markus Friedl. All rights reserved.
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.\" Copyright (c) 1999 Aaron Campbell. All rights reserved.
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.\" Copyright (c) 1999 Theo de Raadt. All rights reserved.
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2000-09-16 02:29:08 +00:00
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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1999-10-28 23:15:49 +00:00
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.\"
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2000-09-16 02:29:08 +00:00
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
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.\" OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
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.\" IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
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.\" INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
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.\" NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
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.\" DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
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.\" THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
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.\" (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
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1999-10-28 23:15:49 +00:00
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.\"
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2017-05-02 07:13:31 +00:00
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.Dd $Mdocdate: May 2 2017 $
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1999-10-28 23:15:49 +00:00
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.Dt SSH-KEYGEN 1
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm ssh-keygen
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2001-04-22 17:15:46 +00:00
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.Nd authentication key generation, management and conversion
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1999-10-28 23:15:49 +00:00
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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2003-04-01 11:42:14 +00:00
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.Bk -words
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2010-07-16 03:59:59 +00:00
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.Nm ssh-keygen
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2000-11-13 11:57:25 +00:00
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.Op Fl q
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1999-10-28 23:15:49 +00:00
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.Op Fl b Ar bits
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2014-04-20 03:01:30 +00:00
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.Op Fl t Cm dsa | ecdsa | ed25519 | rsa | rsa1
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1999-10-28 23:15:49 +00:00
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.Op Fl N Ar new_passphrase
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.Op Fl C Ar comment
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2000-09-01 23:08:09 +00:00
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.Op Fl f Ar output_keyfile
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1999-10-28 23:15:49 +00:00
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.Nm ssh-keygen
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.Fl p
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.Op Fl P Ar old_passphrase
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.Op Fl N Ar new_passphrase
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1999-11-17 06:29:08 +00:00
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.Op Fl f Ar keyfile
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1999-10-28 23:15:49 +00:00
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.Nm ssh-keygen
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2001-04-22 17:15:46 +00:00
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.Fl i
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2010-07-02 03:35:01 +00:00
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.Op Fl m Ar key_format
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2000-09-01 23:08:09 +00:00
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.Op Fl f Ar input_keyfile
|
- Remove references to SSLeay.
- Big OpenBSD CVS update
- markus@cvs.openbsd.org
[clientloop.c]
- typo
[session.c]
- update proctitle on pty alloc/dealloc, e.g. w/ windows client
[session.c]
- update proctitle for proto 1, too
[channels.h nchan.c serverloop.c session.c sshd.c]
- use c-style comments
- deraadt@cvs.openbsd.org
[scp.c]
- more atomicio
- markus@cvs.openbsd.org
[channels.c]
- set O_NONBLOCK
[ssh.1]
- update AUTHOR
[readconf.c ssh-keygen.c ssh.h]
- default DSA key file ~/.ssh/id_dsa
[clientloop.c]
- typo, rm verbose debug
- deraadt@cvs.openbsd.org
[ssh-keygen.1]
- document DSA use of ssh-keygen
[sshd.8]
- a start at describing what i understand of the DSA side
[ssh-keygen.1]
- document -X and -x
[ssh-keygen.c]
- simplify usage
- markus@cvs.openbsd.org
[sshd.8]
- there is no rhosts_dsa
[ssh-keygen.1]
- document -y, update -X,-x
[nchan.c]
- fix close for non-open ssh1 channels
[servconf.c servconf.h ssh.h sshd.8 sshd.c ]
- s/DsaKey/HostDSAKey/, document option
[sshconnect2.c]
- respect number_of_password_prompts
[channels.c channels.h servconf.c servconf.h session.c sshd.8]
- GatewayPorts for sshd, ok deraadt@
[ssh-add.1 ssh-agent.1 ssh.1]
- more doc on: DSA, id_dsa, known_hosts2, authorized_keys2
[ssh.1]
- more info on proto 2
[sshd.8]
- sync AUTHOR w/ ssh.1
[key.c key.h sshconnect.c]
- print key type when talking about host keys
[packet.c]
- clear padding in ssh2
[dsa.c key.c radix.c ssh.h sshconnect1.c uuencode.c uuencode.h]
- replace broken uuencode w/ libc b64_ntop
[auth2.c]
- log failure before sending the reply
[key.c radix.c uuencode.c]
- remote trailing comments before calling __b64_pton
[auth2.c readconf.c readconf.h servconf.c servconf.h ssh.1]
[sshconnect2.c sshd.8]
- add DSAAuthetication option to ssh/sshd, document SSH2 in sshd.8
- Bring in b64_ntop and b64_pton from OpenBSD libc (bsd-base64.[ch])
2000-05-07 02:03:14 +00:00
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.Nm ssh-keygen
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2001-04-22 17:15:46 +00:00
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.Fl e
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2010-07-02 03:35:01 +00:00
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.Op Fl m Ar key_format
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2000-09-01 23:08:09 +00:00
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.Op Fl f Ar input_keyfile
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- Remove references to SSLeay.
- Big OpenBSD CVS update
- markus@cvs.openbsd.org
[clientloop.c]
- typo
[session.c]
- update proctitle on pty alloc/dealloc, e.g. w/ windows client
[session.c]
- update proctitle for proto 1, too
[channels.h nchan.c serverloop.c session.c sshd.c]
- use c-style comments
- deraadt@cvs.openbsd.org
[scp.c]
- more atomicio
- markus@cvs.openbsd.org
[channels.c]
- set O_NONBLOCK
[ssh.1]
- update AUTHOR
[readconf.c ssh-keygen.c ssh.h]
- default DSA key file ~/.ssh/id_dsa
[clientloop.c]
- typo, rm verbose debug
- deraadt@cvs.openbsd.org
[ssh-keygen.1]
- document DSA use of ssh-keygen
[sshd.8]
- a start at describing what i understand of the DSA side
[ssh-keygen.1]
- document -X and -x
[ssh-keygen.c]
- simplify usage
- markus@cvs.openbsd.org
[sshd.8]
- there is no rhosts_dsa
[ssh-keygen.1]
- document -y, update -X,-x
[nchan.c]
- fix close for non-open ssh1 channels
[servconf.c servconf.h ssh.h sshd.8 sshd.c ]
- s/DsaKey/HostDSAKey/, document option
[sshconnect2.c]
- respect number_of_password_prompts
[channels.c channels.h servconf.c servconf.h session.c sshd.8]
- GatewayPorts for sshd, ok deraadt@
[ssh-add.1 ssh-agent.1 ssh.1]
- more doc on: DSA, id_dsa, known_hosts2, authorized_keys2
[ssh.1]
- more info on proto 2
[sshd.8]
- sync AUTHOR w/ ssh.1
[key.c key.h sshconnect.c]
- print key type when talking about host keys
[packet.c]
- clear padding in ssh2
[dsa.c key.c radix.c ssh.h sshconnect1.c uuencode.c uuencode.h]
- replace broken uuencode w/ libc b64_ntop
[auth2.c]
- log failure before sending the reply
[key.c radix.c uuencode.c]
- remote trailing comments before calling __b64_pton
[auth2.c readconf.c readconf.h servconf.c servconf.h ssh.1]
[sshconnect2.c sshd.8]
- add DSAAuthetication option to ssh/sshd, document SSH2 in sshd.8
- Bring in b64_ntop and b64_pton from OpenBSD libc (bsd-base64.[ch])
2000-05-07 02:03:14 +00:00
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.Nm ssh-keygen
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.Fl y
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2000-09-01 23:08:09 +00:00
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.Op Fl f Ar input_keyfile
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- Remove references to SSLeay.
- Big OpenBSD CVS update
- markus@cvs.openbsd.org
[clientloop.c]
- typo
[session.c]
- update proctitle on pty alloc/dealloc, e.g. w/ windows client
[session.c]
- update proctitle for proto 1, too
[channels.h nchan.c serverloop.c session.c sshd.c]
- use c-style comments
- deraadt@cvs.openbsd.org
[scp.c]
- more atomicio
- markus@cvs.openbsd.org
[channels.c]
- set O_NONBLOCK
[ssh.1]
- update AUTHOR
[readconf.c ssh-keygen.c ssh.h]
- default DSA key file ~/.ssh/id_dsa
[clientloop.c]
- typo, rm verbose debug
- deraadt@cvs.openbsd.org
[ssh-keygen.1]
- document DSA use of ssh-keygen
[sshd.8]
- a start at describing what i understand of the DSA side
[ssh-keygen.1]
- document -X and -x
[ssh-keygen.c]
- simplify usage
- markus@cvs.openbsd.org
[sshd.8]
- there is no rhosts_dsa
[ssh-keygen.1]
- document -y, update -X,-x
[nchan.c]
- fix close for non-open ssh1 channels
[servconf.c servconf.h ssh.h sshd.8 sshd.c ]
- s/DsaKey/HostDSAKey/, document option
[sshconnect2.c]
- respect number_of_password_prompts
[channels.c channels.h servconf.c servconf.h session.c sshd.8]
- GatewayPorts for sshd, ok deraadt@
[ssh-add.1 ssh-agent.1 ssh.1]
- more doc on: DSA, id_dsa, known_hosts2, authorized_keys2
[ssh.1]
- more info on proto 2
[sshd.8]
- sync AUTHOR w/ ssh.1
[key.c key.h sshconnect.c]
- print key type when talking about host keys
[packet.c]
- clear padding in ssh2
[dsa.c key.c radix.c ssh.h sshconnect1.c uuencode.c uuencode.h]
- replace broken uuencode w/ libc b64_ntop
[auth2.c]
- log failure before sending the reply
[key.c radix.c uuencode.c]
- remote trailing comments before calling __b64_pton
[auth2.c readconf.c readconf.h servconf.c servconf.h ssh.1]
[sshconnect2.c sshd.8]
- add DSAAuthetication option to ssh/sshd, document SSH2 in sshd.8
- Bring in b64_ntop and b64_pton from OpenBSD libc (bsd-base64.[ch])
2000-05-07 02:03:14 +00:00
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.Nm ssh-keygen
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1999-10-28 23:15:49 +00:00
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.Fl c
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.Op Fl P Ar passphrase
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.Op Fl C Ar comment
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1999-11-17 06:29:08 +00:00
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.Op Fl f Ar keyfile
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.Nm ssh-keygen
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.Fl l
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2015-02-24 15:24:05 +00:00
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.Op Fl v
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2014-12-21 22:27:55 +00:00
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.Op Fl E Ar fingerprint_hash
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2001-03-12 03:02:17 +00:00
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.Op Fl f Ar input_keyfile
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.Nm ssh-keygen
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.Fl B
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2000-09-01 23:08:09 +00:00
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.Op Fl f Ar input_keyfile
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2001-08-06 21:51:34 +00:00
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.Nm ssh-keygen
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2010-02-11 22:22:04 +00:00
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.Fl D Ar pkcs11
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2001-08-06 21:51:34 +00:00
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.Nm ssh-keygen
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2005-03-01 10:48:35 +00:00
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.Fl F Ar hostname
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.Op Fl f Ar known_hosts_file
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2008-11-03 08:15:20 +00:00
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.Op Fl l
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2005-03-01 10:48:35 +00:00
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.Nm ssh-keygen
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.Fl H
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.Op Fl f Ar known_hosts_file
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.Nm ssh-keygen
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.Fl R Ar hostname
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.Op Fl f Ar known_hosts_file
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.Nm ssh-keygen
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2003-05-15 00:19:46 +00:00
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.Fl r Ar hostname
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.Op Fl f Ar input_keyfile
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.Op Fl g
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2003-08-02 12:40:07 +00:00
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.Nm ssh-keygen
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.Fl G Ar output_file
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2003-12-31 00:34:51 +00:00
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.Op Fl v
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2003-08-02 12:40:07 +00:00
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.Op Fl b Ar bits
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.Op Fl M Ar memory
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.Op Fl S Ar start_point
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.Nm ssh-keygen
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.Fl T Ar output_file
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.Fl f Ar input_file
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2003-12-31 00:34:51 +00:00
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.Op Fl v
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2013-12-18 06:45:35 +00:00
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.Op Fl a Ar rounds
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2012-07-06 03:44:19 +00:00
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.Op Fl J Ar num_lines
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.Op Fl j Ar start_line
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2011-10-18 05:05:19 +00:00
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.Op Fl K Ar checkpt
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2003-08-02 12:40:07 +00:00
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.Op Fl W Ar generator
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2010-02-26 20:55:05 +00:00
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.Nm ssh-keygen
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.Fl s Ar ca_key
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.Fl I Ar certificate_identity
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.Op Fl h
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.Op Fl n Ar principals
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2010-04-16 05:56:21 +00:00
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.Op Fl O Ar option
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2010-02-26 20:55:05 +00:00
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.Op Fl V Ar validity_interval
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2010-04-16 05:56:21 +00:00
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.Op Fl z Ar serial_number
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2010-02-26 20:55:05 +00:00
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.Ar
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2010-03-04 20:39:35 +00:00
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.Nm ssh-keygen
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.Fl L
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.Op Fl f Ar input_keyfile
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2011-05-05 04:06:15 +00:00
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.Nm ssh-keygen
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.Fl A
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2013-01-18 00:44:04 +00:00
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.Nm ssh-keygen
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.Fl k
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.Fl f Ar krl_file
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.Op Fl u
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2013-01-20 11:33:02 +00:00
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.Op Fl s Ar ca_public
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.Op Fl z Ar version_number
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2013-01-18 00:44:04 +00:00
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.Ar
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.Nm ssh-keygen
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.Fl Q
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.Fl f Ar krl_file
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.Ar
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2010-03-02 23:25:21 +00:00
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.Ek
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2000-04-13 02:26:34 +00:00
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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1999-10-28 23:15:49 +00:00
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.Nm
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2001-04-22 17:15:46 +00:00
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generates, manages and converts authentication keys for
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1999-10-28 23:15:49 +00:00
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.Xr ssh 1 .
|
- Remove references to SSLeay.
- Big OpenBSD CVS update
- markus@cvs.openbsd.org
[clientloop.c]
- typo
[session.c]
- update proctitle on pty alloc/dealloc, e.g. w/ windows client
[session.c]
- update proctitle for proto 1, too
[channels.h nchan.c serverloop.c session.c sshd.c]
- use c-style comments
- deraadt@cvs.openbsd.org
[scp.c]
- more atomicio
- markus@cvs.openbsd.org
[channels.c]
- set O_NONBLOCK
[ssh.1]
- update AUTHOR
[readconf.c ssh-keygen.c ssh.h]
- default DSA key file ~/.ssh/id_dsa
[clientloop.c]
- typo, rm verbose debug
- deraadt@cvs.openbsd.org
[ssh-keygen.1]
- document DSA use of ssh-keygen
[sshd.8]
- a start at describing what i understand of the DSA side
[ssh-keygen.1]
- document -X and -x
[ssh-keygen.c]
- simplify usage
- markus@cvs.openbsd.org
[sshd.8]
- there is no rhosts_dsa
[ssh-keygen.1]
- document -y, update -X,-x
[nchan.c]
- fix close for non-open ssh1 channels
[servconf.c servconf.h ssh.h sshd.8 sshd.c ]
- s/DsaKey/HostDSAKey/, document option
[sshconnect2.c]
- respect number_of_password_prompts
[channels.c channels.h servconf.c servconf.h session.c sshd.8]
- GatewayPorts for sshd, ok deraadt@
[ssh-add.1 ssh-agent.1 ssh.1]
- more doc on: DSA, id_dsa, known_hosts2, authorized_keys2
[ssh.1]
- more info on proto 2
[sshd.8]
- sync AUTHOR w/ ssh.1
[key.c key.h sshconnect.c]
- print key type when talking about host keys
[packet.c]
- clear padding in ssh2
[dsa.c key.c radix.c ssh.h sshconnect1.c uuencode.c uuencode.h]
- replace broken uuencode w/ libc b64_ntop
[auth2.c]
- log failure before sending the reply
[key.c radix.c uuencode.c]
- remote trailing comments before calling __b64_pton
[auth2.c readconf.c readconf.h servconf.c servconf.h ssh.1]
[sshconnect2.c sshd.8]
- add DSAAuthetication option to ssh/sshd, document SSH2 in sshd.8
- Bring in b64_ntop and b64_pton from OpenBSD libc (bsd-base64.[ch])
2000-05-07 02:03:14 +00:00
|
|
|
.Nm
|
2016-02-17 07:38:19 +00:00
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can create keys for use by SSH protocol versions 1 and 2.
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Protocol 1 should not be used
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and is only offered to support legacy devices.
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It suffers from a number of cryptographic weaknesses
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and doesn't support many of the advanced features available for protocol 2.
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.Pp
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2003-05-23 08:44:23 +00:00
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The type of key to be generated is specified with the
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2000-11-13 11:57:25 +00:00
|
|
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.Fl t
|
2002-01-22 12:05:08 +00:00
|
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option.
|
2005-11-05 04:15:49 +00:00
|
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If invoked without any arguments,
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|
|
.Nm
|
2005-11-05 04:16:27 +00:00
|
|
|
will generate an RSA key for use in SSH protocol 2 connections.
|
- Remove references to SSLeay.
- Big OpenBSD CVS update
- markus@cvs.openbsd.org
[clientloop.c]
- typo
[session.c]
- update proctitle on pty alloc/dealloc, e.g. w/ windows client
[session.c]
- update proctitle for proto 1, too
[channels.h nchan.c serverloop.c session.c sshd.c]
- use c-style comments
- deraadt@cvs.openbsd.org
[scp.c]
- more atomicio
- markus@cvs.openbsd.org
[channels.c]
- set O_NONBLOCK
[ssh.1]
- update AUTHOR
[readconf.c ssh-keygen.c ssh.h]
- default DSA key file ~/.ssh/id_dsa
[clientloop.c]
- typo, rm verbose debug
- deraadt@cvs.openbsd.org
[ssh-keygen.1]
- document DSA use of ssh-keygen
[sshd.8]
- a start at describing what i understand of the DSA side
[ssh-keygen.1]
- document -X and -x
[ssh-keygen.c]
- simplify usage
- markus@cvs.openbsd.org
[sshd.8]
- there is no rhosts_dsa
[ssh-keygen.1]
- document -y, update -X,-x
[nchan.c]
- fix close for non-open ssh1 channels
[servconf.c servconf.h ssh.h sshd.8 sshd.c ]
- s/DsaKey/HostDSAKey/, document option
[sshconnect2.c]
- respect number_of_password_prompts
[channels.c channels.h servconf.c servconf.h session.c sshd.8]
- GatewayPorts for sshd, ok deraadt@
[ssh-add.1 ssh-agent.1 ssh.1]
- more doc on: DSA, id_dsa, known_hosts2, authorized_keys2
[ssh.1]
- more info on proto 2
[sshd.8]
- sync AUTHOR w/ ssh.1
[key.c key.h sshconnect.c]
- print key type when talking about host keys
[packet.c]
- clear padding in ssh2
[dsa.c key.c radix.c ssh.h sshconnect1.c uuencode.c uuencode.h]
- replace broken uuencode w/ libc b64_ntop
[auth2.c]
- log failure before sending the reply
[key.c radix.c uuencode.c]
- remote trailing comments before calling __b64_pton
[auth2.c readconf.c readconf.h servconf.c servconf.h ssh.1]
[sshconnect2.c sshd.8]
- add DSAAuthetication option to ssh/sshd, document SSH2 in sshd.8
- Bring in b64_ntop and b64_pton from OpenBSD libc (bsd-base64.[ch])
2000-05-07 02:03:14 +00:00
|
|
|
.Pp
|
2003-08-02 12:40:07 +00:00
|
|
|
.Nm
|
|
|
|
is also used to generate groups for use in Diffie-Hellman group
|
|
|
|
exchange (DH-GEX).
|
|
|
|
See the
|
|
|
|
.Sx MODULI GENERATION
|
|
|
|
section for details.
|
|
|
|
.Pp
|
2013-01-18 00:44:04 +00:00
|
|
|
Finally,
|
|
|
|
.Nm
|
|
|
|
can be used to generate and update Key Revocation Lists, and to test whether
|
2013-01-20 11:33:02 +00:00
|
|
|
given keys have been revoked by one.
|
|
|
|
See the
|
2013-01-18 00:44:04 +00:00
|
|
|
.Sx KEY REVOCATION LISTS
|
|
|
|
section for details.
|
|
|
|
.Pp
|
1999-10-28 23:15:49 +00:00
|
|
|
Normally each user wishing to use SSH
|
2010-08-31 12:41:14 +00:00
|
|
|
with public key authentication runs this once to create the authentication
|
1999-10-28 23:15:49 +00:00
|
|
|
key in
|
2005-05-26 02:04:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.Pa ~/.ssh/identity ,
|
2013-12-18 06:46:27 +00:00
|
|
|
.Pa ~/.ssh/id_dsa ,
|
2010-08-31 12:41:14 +00:00
|
|
|
.Pa ~/.ssh/id_ecdsa ,
|
2013-12-18 06:46:27 +00:00
|
|
|
.Pa ~/.ssh/id_ed25519
|
- Remove references to SSLeay.
- Big OpenBSD CVS update
- markus@cvs.openbsd.org
[clientloop.c]
- typo
[session.c]
- update proctitle on pty alloc/dealloc, e.g. w/ windows client
[session.c]
- update proctitle for proto 1, too
[channels.h nchan.c serverloop.c session.c sshd.c]
- use c-style comments
- deraadt@cvs.openbsd.org
[scp.c]
- more atomicio
- markus@cvs.openbsd.org
[channels.c]
- set O_NONBLOCK
[ssh.1]
- update AUTHOR
[readconf.c ssh-keygen.c ssh.h]
- default DSA key file ~/.ssh/id_dsa
[clientloop.c]
- typo, rm verbose debug
- deraadt@cvs.openbsd.org
[ssh-keygen.1]
- document DSA use of ssh-keygen
[sshd.8]
- a start at describing what i understand of the DSA side
[ssh-keygen.1]
- document -X and -x
[ssh-keygen.c]
- simplify usage
- markus@cvs.openbsd.org
[sshd.8]
- there is no rhosts_dsa
[ssh-keygen.1]
- document -y, update -X,-x
[nchan.c]
- fix close for non-open ssh1 channels
[servconf.c servconf.h ssh.h sshd.8 sshd.c ]
- s/DsaKey/HostDSAKey/, document option
[sshconnect2.c]
- respect number_of_password_prompts
[channels.c channels.h servconf.c servconf.h session.c sshd.8]
- GatewayPorts for sshd, ok deraadt@
[ssh-add.1 ssh-agent.1 ssh.1]
- more doc on: DSA, id_dsa, known_hosts2, authorized_keys2
[ssh.1]
- more info on proto 2
[sshd.8]
- sync AUTHOR w/ ssh.1
[key.c key.h sshconnect.c]
- print key type when talking about host keys
[packet.c]
- clear padding in ssh2
[dsa.c key.c radix.c ssh.h sshconnect1.c uuencode.c uuencode.h]
- replace broken uuencode w/ libc b64_ntop
[auth2.c]
- log failure before sending the reply
[key.c radix.c uuencode.c]
- remote trailing comments before calling __b64_pton
[auth2.c readconf.c readconf.h servconf.c servconf.h ssh.1]
[sshconnect2.c sshd.8]
- add DSAAuthetication option to ssh/sshd, document SSH2 in sshd.8
- Bring in b64_ntop and b64_pton from OpenBSD libc (bsd-base64.[ch])
2000-05-07 02:03:14 +00:00
|
|
|
or
|
2005-05-26 02:04:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.Pa ~/.ssh/id_rsa .
|
- Remove references to SSLeay.
- Big OpenBSD CVS update
- markus@cvs.openbsd.org
[clientloop.c]
- typo
[session.c]
- update proctitle on pty alloc/dealloc, e.g. w/ windows client
[session.c]
- update proctitle for proto 1, too
[channels.h nchan.c serverloop.c session.c sshd.c]
- use c-style comments
- deraadt@cvs.openbsd.org
[scp.c]
- more atomicio
- markus@cvs.openbsd.org
[channels.c]
- set O_NONBLOCK
[ssh.1]
- update AUTHOR
[readconf.c ssh-keygen.c ssh.h]
- default DSA key file ~/.ssh/id_dsa
[clientloop.c]
- typo, rm verbose debug
- deraadt@cvs.openbsd.org
[ssh-keygen.1]
- document DSA use of ssh-keygen
[sshd.8]
- a start at describing what i understand of the DSA side
[ssh-keygen.1]
- document -X and -x
[ssh-keygen.c]
- simplify usage
- markus@cvs.openbsd.org
[sshd.8]
- there is no rhosts_dsa
[ssh-keygen.1]
- document -y, update -X,-x
[nchan.c]
- fix close for non-open ssh1 channels
[servconf.c servconf.h ssh.h sshd.8 sshd.c ]
- s/DsaKey/HostDSAKey/, document option
[sshconnect2.c]
- respect number_of_password_prompts
[channels.c channels.h servconf.c servconf.h session.c sshd.8]
- GatewayPorts for sshd, ok deraadt@
[ssh-add.1 ssh-agent.1 ssh.1]
- more doc on: DSA, id_dsa, known_hosts2, authorized_keys2
[ssh.1]
- more info on proto 2
[sshd.8]
- sync AUTHOR w/ ssh.1
[key.c key.h sshconnect.c]
- print key type when talking about host keys
[packet.c]
- clear padding in ssh2
[dsa.c key.c radix.c ssh.h sshconnect1.c uuencode.c uuencode.h]
- replace broken uuencode w/ libc b64_ntop
[auth2.c]
- log failure before sending the reply
[key.c radix.c uuencode.c]
- remote trailing comments before calling __b64_pton
[auth2.c readconf.c readconf.h servconf.c servconf.h ssh.1]
[sshconnect2.c sshd.8]
- add DSAAuthetication option to ssh/sshd, document SSH2 in sshd.8
- Bring in b64_ntop and b64_pton from OpenBSD libc (bsd-base64.[ch])
2000-05-07 02:03:14 +00:00
|
|
|
Additionally, the system administrator may use this to generate host keys,
|
|
|
|
as seen in
|
|
|
|
.Pa /etc/rc .
|
1999-10-28 23:15:49 +00:00
|
|
|
.Pp
|
|
|
|
Normally this program generates the key and asks for a file in which
|
2000-03-26 03:04:51 +00:00
|
|
|
to store the private key.
|
|
|
|
The public key is stored in a file with the same name but
|
1999-10-28 23:15:49 +00:00
|
|
|
.Dq .pub
|
2000-03-26 03:04:51 +00:00
|
|
|
appended.
|
|
|
|
The program also asks for a passphrase.
|
|
|
|
The passphrase may be empty to indicate no passphrase
|
2001-01-18 02:04:35 +00:00
|
|
|
(host keys must have an empty passphrase), or it may be a string of
|
2000-03-26 03:04:51 +00:00
|
|
|
arbitrary length.
|
2001-12-06 16:43:21 +00:00
|
|
|
A passphrase is similar to a password, except it can be a phrase with a
|
|
|
|
series of words, punctuation, numbers, whitespace, or any string of
|
|
|
|
characters you want.
|
|
|
|
Good passphrases are 10-30 characters long, are
|
1999-10-28 23:15:49 +00:00
|
|
|
not simple sentences or otherwise easily guessable (English
|
2001-06-09 01:13:40 +00:00
|
|
|
prose has only 1-2 bits of entropy per character, and provides very bad
|
2001-12-06 16:43:21 +00:00
|
|
|
passphrases), and contain a mix of upper and lowercase letters,
|
|
|
|
numbers, and non-alphanumeric characters.
|
2000-03-26 03:04:51 +00:00
|
|
|
The passphrase can be changed later by using the
|
1999-10-28 23:15:49 +00:00
|
|
|
.Fl p
|
|
|
|
option.
|
|
|
|
.Pp
|
2000-03-26 03:04:51 +00:00
|
|
|
There is no way to recover a lost passphrase.
|
2011-05-05 04:15:33 +00:00
|
|
|
If the passphrase is lost or forgotten, a new key must be generated
|
|
|
|
and the corresponding public key copied to other machines.
|
1999-10-28 23:15:49 +00:00
|
|
|
.Pp
|
2017-04-30 23:18:44 +00:00
|
|
|
For keys stored in the newer OpenSSH format,
|
2001-04-22 17:15:46 +00:00
|
|
|
there is also a comment field in the key file that is only for
|
2000-03-26 03:04:51 +00:00
|
|
|
convenience to the user to help identify the key.
|
|
|
|
The comment can tell what the key is for, or whatever is useful.
|
|
|
|
The comment is initialized to
|
1999-10-28 23:15:49 +00:00
|
|
|
.Dq user@host
|
|
|
|
when the key is created, but can be changed using the
|
|
|
|
.Fl c
|
|
|
|
option.
|
|
|
|
.Pp
|
- Remove references to SSLeay.
- Big OpenBSD CVS update
- markus@cvs.openbsd.org
[clientloop.c]
- typo
[session.c]
- update proctitle on pty alloc/dealloc, e.g. w/ windows client
[session.c]
- update proctitle for proto 1, too
[channels.h nchan.c serverloop.c session.c sshd.c]
- use c-style comments
- deraadt@cvs.openbsd.org
[scp.c]
- more atomicio
- markus@cvs.openbsd.org
[channels.c]
- set O_NONBLOCK
[ssh.1]
- update AUTHOR
[readconf.c ssh-keygen.c ssh.h]
- default DSA key file ~/.ssh/id_dsa
[clientloop.c]
- typo, rm verbose debug
- deraadt@cvs.openbsd.org
[ssh-keygen.1]
- document DSA use of ssh-keygen
[sshd.8]
- a start at describing what i understand of the DSA side
[ssh-keygen.1]
- document -X and -x
[ssh-keygen.c]
- simplify usage
- markus@cvs.openbsd.org
[sshd.8]
- there is no rhosts_dsa
[ssh-keygen.1]
- document -y, update -X,-x
[nchan.c]
- fix close for non-open ssh1 channels
[servconf.c servconf.h ssh.h sshd.8 sshd.c ]
- s/DsaKey/HostDSAKey/, document option
[sshconnect2.c]
- respect number_of_password_prompts
[channels.c channels.h servconf.c servconf.h session.c sshd.8]
- GatewayPorts for sshd, ok deraadt@
[ssh-add.1 ssh-agent.1 ssh.1]
- more doc on: DSA, id_dsa, known_hosts2, authorized_keys2
[ssh.1]
- more info on proto 2
[sshd.8]
- sync AUTHOR w/ ssh.1
[key.c key.h sshconnect.c]
- print key type when talking about host keys
[packet.c]
- clear padding in ssh2
[dsa.c key.c radix.c ssh.h sshconnect1.c uuencode.c uuencode.h]
- replace broken uuencode w/ libc b64_ntop
[auth2.c]
- log failure before sending the reply
[key.c radix.c uuencode.c]
- remote trailing comments before calling __b64_pton
[auth2.c readconf.c readconf.h servconf.c servconf.h ssh.1]
[sshconnect2.c sshd.8]
- add DSAAuthetication option to ssh/sshd, document SSH2 in sshd.8
- Bring in b64_ntop and b64_pton from OpenBSD libc (bsd-base64.[ch])
2000-05-07 02:03:14 +00:00
|
|
|
After a key is generated, instructions below detail where the keys
|
|
|
|
should be placed to be activated.
|
|
|
|
.Pp
|
1999-10-28 23:15:49 +00:00
|
|
|
The options are as follows:
|
|
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Ds
|
2011-05-05 04:06:15 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fl A
|
2013-12-18 06:46:27 +00:00
|
|
|
For each of the key types (rsa1, rsa, dsa, ecdsa and ed25519)
|
|
|
|
for which host keys
|
2011-05-05 04:06:15 +00:00
|
|
|
do not exist, generate the host keys with the default key file path,
|
|
|
|
an empty passphrase, default bits for the key type, and default comment.
|
2011-05-05 04:13:50 +00:00
|
|
|
This is used by
|
2011-05-05 04:06:15 +00:00
|
|
|
.Pa /etc/rc
|
|
|
|
to generate new host keys.
|
2013-12-18 06:45:35 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fl a Ar rounds
|
|
|
|
When saving a new-format private key (i.e. an ed25519 key or any SSH protocol
|
|
|
|
2 key when the
|
|
|
|
.Fl o
|
|
|
|
flag is set), this option specifies the number of KDF (key derivation function)
|
|
|
|
rounds used.
|
|
|
|
Higher numbers result in slower passphrase verification and increased
|
|
|
|
resistance to brute-force password cracking (should the keys be stolen).
|
|
|
|
.Pp
|
|
|
|
When screening DH-GEX candidates (
|
|
|
|
using the
|
2003-08-02 12:40:07 +00:00
|
|
|
.Fl T
|
2013-12-18 06:45:35 +00:00
|
|
|
command).
|
|
|
|
This option specifies the number of primality tests to perform.
|
2005-03-02 01:05:06 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fl B
|
|
|
|
Show the bubblebabble digest of specified private or public key file.
|
1999-10-28 23:15:49 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fl b Ar bits
|
2000-03-26 03:04:51 +00:00
|
|
|
Specifies the number of bits in the key to create.
|
2015-07-03 03:49:45 +00:00
|
|
|
For RSA keys, the minimum size is 1024 bits and the default is 2048 bits.
|
2005-06-16 03:19:06 +00:00
|
|
|
Generally, 2048 bits is considered sufficient.
|
2005-11-28 05:41:46 +00:00
|
|
|
DSA keys must be exactly 1024 bits as specified by FIPS 186-2.
|
2011-05-05 04:15:54 +00:00
|
|
|
For ECDSA keys, the
|
|
|
|
.Fl b
|
2011-09-22 11:36:00 +00:00
|
|
|
flag determines the key length by selecting from one of three elliptic
|
2011-05-05 04:15:54 +00:00
|
|
|
curve sizes: 256, 384 or 521 bits.
|
|
|
|
Attempting to use bit lengths other than these three values for ECDSA keys
|
|
|
|
will fail.
|
2014-08-30 15:33:50 +00:00
|
|
|
Ed25519 keys have a fixed length and the
|
2013-12-18 06:46:27 +00:00
|
|
|
.Fl b
|
|
|
|
flag will be ignored.
|
2005-03-02 01:05:06 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fl C Ar comment
|
|
|
|
Provides a new comment.
|
1999-10-28 23:15:49 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fl c
|
|
|
|
Requests changing the comment in the private and public key files.
|
2017-04-30 23:18:44 +00:00
|
|
|
This operation is only supported for keys stored in the
|
2016-06-16 06:10:45 +00:00
|
|
|
newer OpenSSH format.
|
1999-10-28 23:15:49 +00:00
|
|
|
The program will prompt for the file containing the private keys, for
|
2001-05-06 03:01:02 +00:00
|
|
|
the passphrase if the key has one, and for the new comment.
|
2010-02-11 22:21:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fl D Ar pkcs11
|
2010-02-11 22:26:02 +00:00
|
|
|
Download the RSA public keys provided by the PKCS#11 shared library
|
|
|
|
.Ar pkcs11 .
|
2010-08-05 03:05:31 +00:00
|
|
|
When used in combination with
|
|
|
|
.Fl s ,
|
|
|
|
this option indicates that a CA key resides in a PKCS#11 token (see the
|
|
|
|
.Sx CERTIFICATES
|
|
|
|
section for details).
|
2014-12-21 22:27:55 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fl E Ar fingerprint_hash
|
|
|
|
Specifies the hash algorithm used when displaying key fingerprints.
|
|
|
|
Valid options are:
|
|
|
|
.Dq md5
|
|
|
|
and
|
|
|
|
.Dq sha256 .
|
|
|
|
The default is
|
|
|
|
.Dq sha256 .
|
2001-04-22 17:15:46 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fl e
|
2001-04-24 16:56:58 +00:00
|
|
|
This option will read a private or public OpenSSH key file and
|
2010-07-02 03:35:01 +00:00
|
|
|
print to stdout the key in one of the formats specified by the
|
|
|
|
.Fl m
|
|
|
|
option.
|
|
|
|
The default export format is
|
|
|
|
.Dq RFC4716 .
|
2010-07-02 03:35:34 +00:00
|
|
|
This option allows exporting OpenSSH keys for use by other programs, including
|
2010-07-02 03:35:01 +00:00
|
|
|
several commercial SSH implementations.
|
2005-03-02 01:05:06 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fl F Ar hostname
|
|
|
|
Search for the specified
|
|
|
|
.Ar hostname
|
|
|
|
in a
|
|
|
|
.Pa known_hosts
|
|
|
|
file, listing any occurrences found.
|
|
|
|
This option is useful to find hashed host names or addresses and may also be
|
|
|
|
used in conjunction with the
|
|
|
|
.Fl H
|
|
|
|
option to print found keys in a hashed format.
|
|
|
|
.It Fl f Ar filename
|
|
|
|
Specifies the filename of the key file.
|
|
|
|
.It Fl G Ar output_file
|
|
|
|
Generate candidate primes for DH-GEX.
|
|
|
|
These primes must be screened for
|
|
|
|
safety (using the
|
|
|
|
.Fl T
|
|
|
|
option) before use.
|
2003-05-15 00:19:46 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fl g
|
2004-08-13 11:22:40 +00:00
|
|
|
Use generic DNS format when printing fingerprint resource records using the
|
2004-08-13 11:23:25 +00:00
|
|
|
.Fl r
|
2004-08-13 11:22:40 +00:00
|
|
|
command.
|
2005-03-02 01:05:06 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fl H
|
|
|
|
Hash a
|
|
|
|
.Pa known_hosts
|
2005-03-14 12:15:58 +00:00
|
|
|
file.
|
|
|
|
This replaces all hostnames and addresses with hashed representations
|
|
|
|
within the specified file; the original content is moved to a file with
|
|
|
|
a .old suffix.
|
2005-03-02 01:05:06 +00:00
|
|
|
These hashes may be used normally by
|
|
|
|
.Nm ssh
|
|
|
|
and
|
|
|
|
.Nm sshd ,
|
|
|
|
but they do not reveal identifying information should the file's contents
|
|
|
|
be disclosed.
|
|
|
|
This option will not modify existing hashed hostnames and is therefore safe
|
|
|
|
to use on files that mix hashed and non-hashed names.
|
2010-02-26 20:55:05 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fl h
|
|
|
|
When signing a key, create a host certificate instead of a user
|
|
|
|
certificate.
|
|
|
|
Please see the
|
|
|
|
.Sx CERTIFICATES
|
|
|
|
section for details.
|
2010-03-02 23:25:21 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fl I Ar certificate_identity
|
2010-02-26 20:55:05 +00:00
|
|
|
Specify the key identity when signing a public key.
|
|
|
|
Please see the
|
|
|
|
.Sx CERTIFICATES
|
|
|
|
section for details.
|
2001-04-22 17:15:46 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fl i
|
|
|
|
This option will read an unencrypted private (or public) key file
|
2010-07-02 03:35:01 +00:00
|
|
|
in the format specified by the
|
|
|
|
.Fl m
|
|
|
|
option and print an OpenSSH compatible private
|
2001-04-22 17:15:46 +00:00
|
|
|
(or public) key to stdout.
|
2014-04-20 03:23:03 +00:00
|
|
|
This option allows importing keys from other software, including several
|
|
|
|
commercial SSH implementations.
|
|
|
|
The default import format is
|
|
|
|
.Dq RFC4716 .
|
2012-07-06 03:44:19 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fl J Ar num_lines
|
|
|
|
Exit after screening the specified number of lines
|
|
|
|
while performing DH candidate screening using the
|
|
|
|
.Fl T
|
|
|
|
option.
|
|
|
|
.It Fl j Ar start_line
|
|
|
|
Start screening at the specified line number
|
|
|
|
while performing DH candidate screening using the
|
|
|
|
.Fl T
|
|
|
|
option.
|
2011-10-18 05:05:19 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fl K Ar checkpt
|
|
|
|
Write the last line processed to the file
|
|
|
|
.Ar checkpt
|
|
|
|
while performing DH candidate screening using the
|
|
|
|
.Fl T
|
|
|
|
option.
|
|
|
|
This will be used to skip lines in the input file that have already been
|
|
|
|
processed if the job is restarted.
|
2013-01-18 00:44:04 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fl k
|
|
|
|
Generate a KRL file.
|
|
|
|
In this mode,
|
|
|
|
.Nm
|
|
|
|
will generate a KRL file at the location specified via the
|
|
|
|
.Fl f
|
2013-01-20 11:34:46 +00:00
|
|
|
flag that revokes every key or certificate presented on the command line.
|
2013-01-18 00:44:04 +00:00
|
|
|
Keys/certificates to be revoked may be specified by public key file or
|
|
|
|
using the format described in the
|
|
|
|
.Sx KEY REVOCATION LISTS
|
|
|
|
section.
|
2010-03-04 20:39:35 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fl L
|
2015-11-13 04:34:15 +00:00
|
|
|
Prints the contents of one or more certificates.
|
1999-11-17 06:29:08 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fl l
|
2008-06-12 18:43:15 +00:00
|
|
|
Show fingerprint of specified public key file.
|
2001-11-11 23:52:44 +00:00
|
|
|
For RSA and DSA keys
|
|
|
|
.Nm
|
2008-06-12 19:18:03 +00:00
|
|
|
tries to find the matching public key file and prints its fingerprint.
|
|
|
|
If combined with
|
|
|
|
.Fl v ,
|
2016-05-03 18:38:12 +00:00
|
|
|
a visual ASCII art representation of the key is supplied with the
|
2016-05-03 14:54:08 +00:00
|
|
|
fingerprint.
|
2010-07-02 03:35:34 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fl M Ar memory
|
|
|
|
Specify the amount of memory to use (in megabytes) when generating
|
|
|
|
candidate moduli for DH-GEX.
|
2010-07-02 03:35:01 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fl m Ar key_format
|
|
|
|
Specify a key format for the
|
|
|
|
.Fl i
|
|
|
|
(import) or
|
|
|
|
.Fl e
|
2010-07-02 03:35:34 +00:00
|
|
|
(export) conversion options.
|
2010-07-02 03:35:01 +00:00
|
|
|
The supported key formats are:
|
|
|
|
.Dq RFC4716
|
2010-07-02 03:35:34 +00:00
|
|
|
(RFC 4716/SSH2 public or private key),
|
2010-07-02 03:35:01 +00:00
|
|
|
.Dq PKCS8
|
|
|
|
(PEM PKCS8 public key)
|
|
|
|
or
|
|
|
|
.Dq PEM
|
|
|
|
(PEM public key).
|
|
|
|
The default conversion format is
|
|
|
|
.Dq RFC4716 .
|
2005-03-02 01:05:06 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fl N Ar new_passphrase
|
|
|
|
Provides the new passphrase.
|
2010-02-26 20:55:05 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fl n Ar principals
|
|
|
|
Specify one or more principals (user or host names) to be included in
|
|
|
|
a certificate when signing a key.
|
|
|
|
Multiple principals may be specified, separated by commas.
|
|
|
|
Please see the
|
|
|
|
.Sx CERTIFICATES
|
|
|
|
section for details.
|
2010-04-16 05:56:21 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fl O Ar option
|
|
|
|
Specify a certificate option when signing a key.
|
2010-02-26 20:55:05 +00:00
|
|
|
This option may be specified multiple times.
|
2017-05-02 07:13:31 +00:00
|
|
|
See also the
|
2010-02-26 20:55:05 +00:00
|
|
|
.Sx CERTIFICATES
|
2017-05-02 07:13:31 +00:00
|
|
|
section for further details.
|
|
|
|
At present, no standard options are valid for host keys.
|
2010-04-16 05:56:21 +00:00
|
|
|
The options that are valid for user certificates are:
|
2017-05-02 07:13:31 +00:00
|
|
|
.Pp
|
|
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Ds -compact
|
2010-03-21 18:50:31 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Ic clear
|
|
|
|
Clear all enabled permissions.
|
|
|
|
This is useful for clearing the default set of permissions so permissions may
|
|
|
|
be added individually.
|
2017-05-02 07:13:31 +00:00
|
|
|
.Pp
|
|
|
|
.It Ic critical : Ns Ar name Ns Op Ns = Ns Ar contents
|
|
|
|
.It Ic extension : Ns Ar name Ns Op Ns = Ns Ar contents
|
|
|
|
Includes an arbitrary certificate critical option or extension.
|
|
|
|
The specified
|
|
|
|
.Ar name
|
|
|
|
should include a domain suffix, e.g.\&
|
|
|
|
.Dq name@example.com .
|
|
|
|
If
|
|
|
|
.Ar contents
|
|
|
|
is specified then it is included as the contents of the extension/option
|
|
|
|
encoded as a string, otherwise the extension/option is created with no
|
|
|
|
contents (usually indicating a flag).
|
|
|
|
Extensions may be ignored by a client or server that does not recognise them,
|
|
|
|
whereas unknown critical options will cause the certificate to be refused.
|
|
|
|
.Pp
|
2010-03-21 18:50:31 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Ic force-command Ns = Ns Ar command
|
|
|
|
Forces the execution of
|
|
|
|
.Ar command
|
|
|
|
instead of any shell or command specified by the user when
|
|
|
|
the certificate is used for authentication.
|
2017-05-02 07:13:31 +00:00
|
|
|
.Pp
|
2010-02-26 20:55:05 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Ic no-agent-forwarding
|
|
|
|
Disable
|
|
|
|
.Xr ssh-agent 1
|
2010-03-02 23:25:21 +00:00
|
|
|
forwarding (permitted by default).
|
2017-05-02 07:13:31 +00:00
|
|
|
.Pp
|
2010-02-26 20:55:05 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Ic no-port-forwarding
|
2010-03-02 23:25:21 +00:00
|
|
|
Disable port forwarding (permitted by default).
|
2017-05-02 07:13:31 +00:00
|
|
|
.Pp
|
2010-02-26 20:55:05 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Ic no-pty
|
2010-03-02 23:25:21 +00:00
|
|
|
Disable PTY allocation (permitted by default).
|
2017-05-02 07:13:31 +00:00
|
|
|
.Pp
|
2010-02-26 20:55:05 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Ic no-user-rc
|
|
|
|
Disable execution of
|
|
|
|
.Pa ~/.ssh/rc
|
|
|
|
by
|
2010-03-02 23:25:21 +00:00
|
|
|
.Xr sshd 8
|
|
|
|
(permitted by default).
|
2017-05-02 07:13:31 +00:00
|
|
|
.Pp
|
2010-03-21 18:50:31 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Ic no-x11-forwarding
|
|
|
|
Disable X11 forwarding (permitted by default).
|
2017-05-02 07:13:31 +00:00
|
|
|
.Pp
|
2010-03-08 00:30:00 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Ic permit-agent-forwarding
|
|
|
|
Allows
|
|
|
|
.Xr ssh-agent 1
|
|
|
|
forwarding.
|
2017-05-02 07:13:31 +00:00
|
|
|
.Pp
|
2010-02-26 20:55:05 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Ic permit-port-forwarding
|
|
|
|
Allows port forwarding.
|
2017-05-02 07:13:31 +00:00
|
|
|
.Pp
|
2010-02-26 20:55:05 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Ic permit-pty
|
|
|
|
Allows PTY allocation.
|
2017-05-02 07:13:31 +00:00
|
|
|
.Pp
|
2010-02-26 20:55:05 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Ic permit-user-rc
|
|
|
|
Allows execution of
|
|
|
|
.Pa ~/.ssh/rc
|
|
|
|
by
|
|
|
|
.Xr sshd 8 .
|
2017-05-02 07:13:31 +00:00
|
|
|
.Pp
|
2010-03-21 18:50:31 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Ic permit-x11-forwarding
|
|
|
|
Allows X11 forwarding.
|
2017-05-02 07:13:31 +00:00
|
|
|
.Pp
|
2010-03-21 18:50:31 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Ic source-address Ns = Ns Ar address_list
|
2010-03-21 18:50:51 +00:00
|
|
|
Restrict the source addresses from which the certificate is considered valid.
|
2010-02-26 20:55:05 +00:00
|
|
|
The
|
|
|
|
.Ar address_list
|
|
|
|
is a comma-separated list of one or more address/netmask pairs in CIDR
|
|
|
|
format.
|
|
|
|
.El
|
2013-12-18 06:45:35 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fl o
|
|
|
|
Causes
|
|
|
|
.Nm
|
2016-02-17 07:38:19 +00:00
|
|
|
to save private keys using the new OpenSSH format rather than
|
2013-12-18 06:45:35 +00:00
|
|
|
the more compatible PEM format.
|
|
|
|
The new format has increased resistance to brute-force password cracking
|
|
|
|
but is not supported by versions of OpenSSH prior to 6.5.
|
|
|
|
Ed25519 keys always use the new private key format.
|
2005-03-02 01:05:06 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fl P Ar passphrase
|
|
|
|
Provides the (old) passphrase.
|
1999-10-28 23:15:49 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fl p
|
|
|
|
Requests changing the passphrase of a private key file instead of
|
2000-03-26 03:04:51 +00:00
|
|
|
creating a new private key.
|
|
|
|
The program will prompt for the file
|
1999-10-28 23:15:49 +00:00
|
|
|
containing the private key, for the old passphrase, and twice for the
|
|
|
|
new passphrase.
|
2013-01-20 11:34:04 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fl Q
|
|
|
|
Test whether keys have been revoked in a KRL.
|
1999-10-28 23:15:49 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fl q
|
|
|
|
Silence
|
|
|
|
.Nm ssh-keygen .
|
2005-03-01 10:48:35 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fl R Ar hostname
|
|
|
|
Removes all keys belonging to
|
|
|
|
.Ar hostname
|
2005-03-02 01:03:43 +00:00
|
|
|
from a
|
2005-03-01 10:48:35 +00:00
|
|
|
.Pa known_hosts
|
|
|
|
file.
|
2005-03-02 01:03:43 +00:00
|
|
|
This option is useful to delete hashed hosts (see the
|
2005-03-01 10:48:35 +00:00
|
|
|
.Fl H
|
|
|
|
option above).
|
2005-03-02 01:05:06 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fl r Ar hostname
|
|
|
|
Print the SSHFP fingerprint resource record named
|
|
|
|
.Ar hostname
|
|
|
|
for the specified public key file.
|
2003-08-02 12:40:07 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fl S Ar start
|
|
|
|
Specify start point (in hex) when generating candidate moduli for DH-GEX.
|
2010-02-26 20:55:05 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fl s Ar ca_key
|
|
|
|
Certify (sign) a public key using the specified CA key.
|
|
|
|
Please see the
|
|
|
|
.Sx CERTIFICATES
|
|
|
|
section for details.
|
2013-01-18 00:44:04 +00:00
|
|
|
.Pp
|
|
|
|
When generating a KRL,
|
|
|
|
.Fl s
|
2013-01-20 11:33:02 +00:00
|
|
|
specifies a path to a CA public key file used to revoke certificates directly
|
2013-01-18 00:44:04 +00:00
|
|
|
by key ID or serial number.
|
|
|
|
See the
|
|
|
|
.Sx KEY REVOCATION LISTS
|
|
|
|
section for details.
|
2003-08-02 12:40:07 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fl T Ar output_file
|
|
|
|
Test DH group exchange candidate primes (generated using the
|
|
|
|
.Fl G
|
|
|
|
option) for safety.
|
2014-04-20 03:01:30 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fl t Cm dsa | ecdsa | ed25519 | rsa | rsa1
|
2005-03-02 01:05:06 +00:00
|
|
|
Specifies the type of key to create.
|
|
|
|
The possible values are
|
|
|
|
.Dq rsa1
|
|
|
|
for protocol version 1 and
|
2010-09-24 12:00:54 +00:00
|
|
|
.Dq dsa ,
|
2013-12-18 06:46:27 +00:00
|
|
|
.Dq ecdsa ,
|
|
|
|
.Dq ed25519 ,
|
2005-03-02 01:05:06 +00:00
|
|
|
or
|
2010-09-24 12:00:54 +00:00
|
|
|
.Dq rsa
|
2005-03-02 01:05:06 +00:00
|
|
|
for protocol version 2.
|
2013-01-20 11:33:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fl u
|
|
|
|
Update a KRL.
|
|
|
|
When specified with
|
|
|
|
.Fl k ,
|
2013-01-20 11:34:46 +00:00
|
|
|
keys listed via the command line are added to the existing KRL rather than
|
2013-01-20 11:33:02 +00:00
|
|
|
a new KRL being created.
|
2010-02-26 20:55:05 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fl V Ar validity_interval
|
|
|
|
Specify a validity interval when signing a certificate.
|
|
|
|
A validity interval may consist of a single time, indicating that the
|
|
|
|
certificate is valid beginning now and expiring at that time, or may consist
|
|
|
|
of two times separated by a colon to indicate an explicit time interval.
|
|
|
|
The start time may be specified as a date in YYYYMMDD format, a time
|
|
|
|
in YYYYMMDDHHMMSS format or a relative time (to the current time) consisting
|
|
|
|
of a minus sign followed by a relative time in the format described in the
|
2013-07-18 06:11:50 +00:00
|
|
|
TIME FORMATS section of
|
2010-03-21 18:50:51 +00:00
|
|
|
.Xr sshd_config 5 .
|
2010-02-26 20:55:05 +00:00
|
|
|
The end time may be specified as a YYYYMMDD date, a YYYYMMDDHHMMSS time or
|
|
|
|
a relative time starting with a plus character.
|
|
|
|
.Pp
|
|
|
|
For example:
|
|
|
|
.Dq +52w1d
|
|
|
|
(valid from now to 52 weeks and one day from now),
|
|
|
|
.Dq -4w:+4w
|
|
|
|
(valid from four weeks ago to four weeks from now),
|
|
|
|
.Dq 20100101123000:20110101123000
|
|
|
|
(valid from 12:30 PM, January 1st, 2010 to 12:30 PM, January 1st, 2011),
|
|
|
|
.Dq -1d:20110101
|
|
|
|
(valid from yesterday to midnight, January 1st, 2011).
|
2003-12-31 00:34:51 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fl v
|
|
|
|
Verbose mode.
|
|
|
|
Causes
|
|
|
|
.Nm
|
|
|
|
to print debugging messages about its progress.
|
|
|
|
This is helpful for debugging moduli generation.
|
|
|
|
Multiple
|
|
|
|
.Fl v
|
|
|
|
options increase the verbosity.
|
|
|
|
The maximum is 3.
|
2005-03-02 01:05:06 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fl W Ar generator
|
|
|
|
Specify desired generator when testing candidate moduli for DH-GEX.
|
|
|
|
.It Fl y
|
|
|
|
This option will read a private
|
|
|
|
OpenSSH format file and print an OpenSSH public key to stdout.
|
2010-04-16 05:56:21 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fl z Ar serial_number
|
|
|
|
Specifies a serial number to be embedded in the certificate to distinguish
|
|
|
|
this certificate from others from the same CA.
|
|
|
|
The default serial number is zero.
|
2013-01-18 00:44:04 +00:00
|
|
|
.Pp
|
|
|
|
When generating a KRL, the
|
|
|
|
.Fl z
|
|
|
|
flag is used to specify a KRL version number.
|
1999-10-28 23:15:49 +00:00
|
|
|
.El
|
2003-08-02 12:40:07 +00:00
|
|
|
.Sh MODULI GENERATION
|
|
|
|
.Nm
|
|
|
|
may be used to generate groups for the Diffie-Hellman Group Exchange
|
|
|
|
(DH-GEX) protocol.
|
|
|
|
Generating these groups is a two-step process: first, candidate
|
|
|
|
primes are generated using a fast, but memory intensive process.
|
|
|
|
These candidate primes are then tested for suitability (a CPU-intensive
|
|
|
|
process).
|
|
|
|
.Pp
|
|
|
|
Generation of primes is performed using the
|
|
|
|
.Fl G
|
|
|
|
option.
|
|
|
|
The desired length of the primes may be specified by the
|
|
|
|
.Fl b
|
|
|
|
option.
|
|
|
|
For example:
|
|
|
|
.Pp
|
2005-03-02 01:05:06 +00:00
|
|
|
.Dl # ssh-keygen -G moduli-2048.candidates -b 2048
|
2003-08-02 12:40:07 +00:00
|
|
|
.Pp
|
|
|
|
By default, the search for primes begins at a random point in the
|
|
|
|
desired length range.
|
|
|
|
This may be overridden using the
|
|
|
|
.Fl S
|
|
|
|
option, which specifies a different start point (in hex).
|
|
|
|
.Pp
|
2012-07-06 03:44:19 +00:00
|
|
|
Once a set of candidates have been generated, they must be screened for
|
2003-08-02 12:40:07 +00:00
|
|
|
suitability.
|
|
|
|
This may be performed using the
|
|
|
|
.Fl T
|
|
|
|
option.
|
|
|
|
In this mode
|
|
|
|
.Nm
|
|
|
|
will read candidates from standard input (or a file specified using the
|
|
|
|
.Fl f
|
|
|
|
option).
|
|
|
|
For example:
|
|
|
|
.Pp
|
2005-03-02 01:05:06 +00:00
|
|
|
.Dl # ssh-keygen -T moduli-2048 -f moduli-2048.candidates
|
2003-08-02 12:40:07 +00:00
|
|
|
.Pp
|
|
|
|
By default, each candidate will be subjected to 100 primality tests.
|
|
|
|
This may be overridden using the
|
|
|
|
.Fl a
|
|
|
|
option.
|
|
|
|
The DH generator value will be chosen automatically for the
|
|
|
|
prime under consideration.
|
|
|
|
If a specific generator is desired, it may be requested using the
|
|
|
|
.Fl W
|
|
|
|
option.
|
2005-03-02 01:05:06 +00:00
|
|
|
Valid generator values are 2, 3, and 5.
|
2003-08-02 12:40:07 +00:00
|
|
|
.Pp
|
|
|
|
Screened DH groups may be installed in
|
|
|
|
.Pa /etc/moduli .
|
|
|
|
It is important that this file contains moduli of a range of bit lengths and
|
|
|
|
that both ends of a connection share common moduli.
|
2010-02-26 20:55:05 +00:00
|
|
|
.Sh CERTIFICATES
|
|
|
|
.Nm
|
|
|
|
supports signing of keys to produce certificates that may be used for
|
|
|
|
user or host authentication.
|
|
|
|
Certificates consist of a public key, some identity information, zero or
|
2010-04-17 22:08:03 +00:00
|
|
|
more principal (user or host) names and a set of options that
|
2010-02-26 20:55:05 +00:00
|
|
|
are signed by a Certification Authority (CA) key.
|
|
|
|
Clients or servers may then trust only the CA key and verify its signature
|
|
|
|
on a certificate rather than trusting many user/host keys.
|
|
|
|
Note that OpenSSH certificates are a different, and much simpler, format to
|
|
|
|
the X.509 certificates used in
|
|
|
|
.Xr ssl 8 .
|
|
|
|
.Pp
|
|
|
|
.Nm
|
|
|
|
supports two types of certificates: user and host.
|
|
|
|
User certificates authenticate users to servers, whereas host certificates
|
2010-03-02 23:25:21 +00:00
|
|
|
authenticate server hosts to users.
|
|
|
|
To generate a user certificate:
|
2010-02-26 20:55:05 +00:00
|
|
|
.Pp
|
|
|
|
.Dl $ ssh-keygen -s /path/to/ca_key -I key_id /path/to/user_key.pub
|
|
|
|
.Pp
|
|
|
|
The resultant certificate will be placed in
|
2010-03-21 18:55:06 +00:00
|
|
|
.Pa /path/to/user_key-cert.pub .
|
2010-02-26 20:55:05 +00:00
|
|
|
A host certificate requires the
|
|
|
|
.Fl h
|
|
|
|
option:
|
|
|
|
.Pp
|
|
|
|
.Dl $ ssh-keygen -s /path/to/ca_key -I key_id -h /path/to/host_key.pub
|
|
|
|
.Pp
|
|
|
|
The host certificate will be output to
|
2010-03-21 18:55:06 +00:00
|
|
|
.Pa /path/to/host_key-cert.pub .
|
2010-08-05 03:05:31 +00:00
|
|
|
.Pp
|
|
|
|
It is possible to sign using a CA key stored in a PKCS#11 token by
|
|
|
|
providing the token library using
|
|
|
|
.Fl D
|
|
|
|
and identifying the CA key by providing its public half as an argument
|
|
|
|
to
|
|
|
|
.Fl s :
|
|
|
|
.Pp
|
2015-08-20 19:20:06 +00:00
|
|
|
.Dl $ ssh-keygen -s ca_key.pub -D libpkcs11.so -I key_id user_key.pub
|
2010-08-05 03:05:31 +00:00
|
|
|
.Pp
|
|
|
|
In all cases,
|
2010-02-26 20:55:05 +00:00
|
|
|
.Ar key_id
|
|
|
|
is a "key identifier" that is logged by the server when the certificate
|
|
|
|
is used for authentication.
|
|
|
|
.Pp
|
|
|
|
Certificates may be limited to be valid for a set of principal (user/host)
|
|
|
|
names.
|
|
|
|
By default, generated certificates are valid for all users or hosts.
|
|
|
|
To generate a certificate for a specified set of principals:
|
|
|
|
.Pp
|
|
|
|
.Dl $ ssh-keygen -s ca_key -I key_id -n user1,user2 user_key.pub
|
2015-08-20 19:20:06 +00:00
|
|
|
.Dl "$ ssh-keygen -s ca_key -I key_id -h -n host.domain host_key.pub"
|
2010-02-26 20:55:05 +00:00
|
|
|
.Pp
|
|
|
|
Additional limitations on the validity and use of user certificates may
|
2010-04-17 22:08:03 +00:00
|
|
|
be specified through certificate options.
|
2010-04-16 05:56:21 +00:00
|
|
|
A certificate option may disable features of the SSH session, may be
|
2010-02-26 20:55:05 +00:00
|
|
|
valid only when presented from particular source addresses or may
|
|
|
|
force the use of a specific command.
|
2010-04-16 05:56:21 +00:00
|
|
|
For a list of valid certificate options, see the documentation for the
|
2010-02-26 20:55:05 +00:00
|
|
|
.Fl O
|
|
|
|
option above.
|
|
|
|
.Pp
|
|
|
|
Finally, certificates may be defined with a validity lifetime.
|
|
|
|
The
|
|
|
|
.Fl V
|
|
|
|
option allows specification of certificate start and end times.
|
|
|
|
A certificate that is presented at a time outside this range will not be
|
|
|
|
considered valid.
|
2012-09-06 11:18:11 +00:00
|
|
|
By default, certificates are valid from
|
|
|
|
.Ux
|
|
|
|
Epoch to the distant future.
|
2010-02-26 20:55:05 +00:00
|
|
|
.Pp
|
|
|
|
For certificates to be used for user or host authentication, the CA
|
|
|
|
public key must be trusted by
|
|
|
|
.Xr sshd 8
|
|
|
|
or
|
|
|
|
.Xr ssh 1 .
|
|
|
|
Please refer to those manual pages for details.
|
2013-01-18 00:44:04 +00:00
|
|
|
.Sh KEY REVOCATION LISTS
|
|
|
|
.Nm
|
|
|
|
is able to manage OpenSSH format Key Revocation Lists (KRLs).
|
|
|
|
These binary files specify keys or certificates to be revoked using a
|
2013-12-29 06:47:14 +00:00
|
|
|
compact format, taking as little as one bit per certificate if they are being
|
2013-01-18 00:44:04 +00:00
|
|
|
revoked by serial number.
|
|
|
|
.Pp
|
|
|
|
KRLs may be generated using the
|
|
|
|
.Fl k
|
|
|
|
flag.
|
2013-01-20 11:34:46 +00:00
|
|
|
This option reads one or more files from the command line and generates a new
|
2013-01-18 00:44:04 +00:00
|
|
|
KRL.
|
|
|
|
The files may either contain a KRL specification (see below) or public keys,
|
|
|
|
listed one per line.
|
|
|
|
Plain public keys are revoked by listing their hash or contents in the KRL and
|
|
|
|
certificates revoked by serial number or key ID (if the serial is zero or
|
|
|
|
not available).
|
|
|
|
.Pp
|
|
|
|
Revoking keys using a KRL specification offers explicit control over the
|
|
|
|
types of record used to revoke keys and may be used to directly revoke
|
|
|
|
certificates by serial number or key ID without having the complete original
|
|
|
|
certificate on hand.
|
|
|
|
A KRL specification consists of lines containing one of the following directives
|
|
|
|
followed by a colon and some directive-specific information.
|
|
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Ds
|
2013-01-20 11:35:06 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Cm serial : Ar serial_number Ns Op - Ns Ar serial_number
|
2013-01-18 00:44:04 +00:00
|
|
|
Revokes a certificate with the specified serial number.
|
2013-01-20 11:33:02 +00:00
|
|
|
Serial numbers are 64-bit values, not including zero and may be expressed
|
2013-01-18 00:44:04 +00:00
|
|
|
in decimal, hex or octal.
|
|
|
|
If two serial numbers are specified separated by a hyphen, then the range
|
|
|
|
of serial numbers including and between each is revoked.
|
|
|
|
The CA key must have been specified on the
|
|
|
|
.Nm
|
2013-01-20 11:34:46 +00:00
|
|
|
command line using the
|
2013-01-18 00:44:04 +00:00
|
|
|
.Fl s
|
|
|
|
option.
|
|
|
|
.It Cm id : Ar key_id
|
|
|
|
Revokes a certificate with the specified key ID string.
|
|
|
|
The CA key must have been specified on the
|
|
|
|
.Nm
|
2013-01-20 11:34:46 +00:00
|
|
|
command line using the
|
2013-01-18 00:44:04 +00:00
|
|
|
.Fl s
|
|
|
|
option.
|
|
|
|
.It Cm key : Ar public_key
|
|
|
|
Revokes the specified key.
|
2013-01-20 11:33:02 +00:00
|
|
|
If a certificate is listed, then it is revoked as a plain public key.
|
2013-01-18 00:44:04 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Cm sha1 : Ar public_key
|
|
|
|
Revokes the specified key by its SHA1 hash.
|
|
|
|
.El
|
|
|
|
.Pp
|
|
|
|
KRLs may be updated using the
|
|
|
|
.Fl u
|
|
|
|
flag in addition to
|
|
|
|
.Fl k .
|
2013-01-20 11:34:46 +00:00
|
|
|
When this option is specified, keys listed via the command line are merged into
|
2013-01-18 00:44:04 +00:00
|
|
|
the KRL, adding to those already there.
|
|
|
|
.Pp
|
|
|
|
It is also possible, given a KRL, to test whether it revokes a particular key
|
|
|
|
(or keys).
|
|
|
|
The
|
|
|
|
.Fl Q
|
2015-11-05 09:48:05 +00:00
|
|
|
flag will query an existing KRL, testing each key specified on the command line.
|
2013-01-20 11:34:46 +00:00
|
|
|
If any key listed on the command line has been revoked (or an error encountered)
|
2013-01-18 00:44:04 +00:00
|
|
|
then
|
|
|
|
.Nm
|
|
|
|
will exit with a non-zero exit status.
|
|
|
|
A zero exit status will only be returned if no key was revoked.
|
1999-10-28 23:15:49 +00:00
|
|
|
.Sh FILES
|
2010-09-24 12:00:54 +00:00
|
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Ds -compact
|
2005-05-26 02:04:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa ~/.ssh/identity
|
2001-04-11 15:59:35 +00:00
|
|
|
Contains the protocol version 1 RSA authentication identity of the user.
|
2000-03-26 03:04:51 +00:00
|
|
|
This file should not be readable by anyone but the user.
|
|
|
|
It is possible to
|
1999-10-28 23:15:49 +00:00
|
|
|
specify a passphrase when generating the key; that passphrase will be
|
2010-09-24 12:00:54 +00:00
|
|
|
used to encrypt the private part of this file using 3DES.
|
2000-03-26 03:04:51 +00:00
|
|
|
This file is not automatically accessed by
|
1999-10-28 23:15:49 +00:00
|
|
|
.Nm
|
|
|
|
but it is offered as the default file for the private key.
|
2001-07-04 03:35:24 +00:00
|
|
|
.Xr ssh 1
|
- Remove references to SSLeay.
- Big OpenBSD CVS update
- markus@cvs.openbsd.org
[clientloop.c]
- typo
[session.c]
- update proctitle on pty alloc/dealloc, e.g. w/ windows client
[session.c]
- update proctitle for proto 1, too
[channels.h nchan.c serverloop.c session.c sshd.c]
- use c-style comments
- deraadt@cvs.openbsd.org
[scp.c]
- more atomicio
- markus@cvs.openbsd.org
[channels.c]
- set O_NONBLOCK
[ssh.1]
- update AUTHOR
[readconf.c ssh-keygen.c ssh.h]
- default DSA key file ~/.ssh/id_dsa
[clientloop.c]
- typo, rm verbose debug
- deraadt@cvs.openbsd.org
[ssh-keygen.1]
- document DSA use of ssh-keygen
[sshd.8]
- a start at describing what i understand of the DSA side
[ssh-keygen.1]
- document -X and -x
[ssh-keygen.c]
- simplify usage
- markus@cvs.openbsd.org
[sshd.8]
- there is no rhosts_dsa
[ssh-keygen.1]
- document -y, update -X,-x
[nchan.c]
- fix close for non-open ssh1 channels
[servconf.c servconf.h ssh.h sshd.8 sshd.c ]
- s/DsaKey/HostDSAKey/, document option
[sshconnect2.c]
- respect number_of_password_prompts
[channels.c channels.h servconf.c servconf.h session.c sshd.8]
- GatewayPorts for sshd, ok deraadt@
[ssh-add.1 ssh-agent.1 ssh.1]
- more doc on: DSA, id_dsa, known_hosts2, authorized_keys2
[ssh.1]
- more info on proto 2
[sshd.8]
- sync AUTHOR w/ ssh.1
[key.c key.h sshconnect.c]
- print key type when talking about host keys
[packet.c]
- clear padding in ssh2
[dsa.c key.c radix.c ssh.h sshconnect1.c uuencode.c uuencode.h]
- replace broken uuencode w/ libc b64_ntop
[auth2.c]
- log failure before sending the reply
[key.c radix.c uuencode.c]
- remote trailing comments before calling __b64_pton
[auth2.c readconf.c readconf.h servconf.c servconf.h ssh.1]
[sshconnect2.c sshd.8]
- add DSAAuthetication option to ssh/sshd, document SSH2 in sshd.8
- Bring in b64_ntop and b64_pton from OpenBSD libc (bsd-base64.[ch])
2000-05-07 02:03:14 +00:00
|
|
|
will read this file when a login attempt is made.
|
2010-09-24 12:00:54 +00:00
|
|
|
.Pp
|
2005-05-26 02:04:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa ~/.ssh/identity.pub
|
2001-04-11 15:59:35 +00:00
|
|
|
Contains the protocol version 1 RSA public key for authentication.
|
2000-03-26 03:04:51 +00:00
|
|
|
The contents of this file should be added to
|
2005-05-26 02:04:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.Pa ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
|
1999-10-28 23:15:49 +00:00
|
|
|
on all machines
|
2001-09-12 18:35:30 +00:00
|
|
|
where the user wishes to log in using RSA authentication.
|
2000-03-26 03:04:51 +00:00
|
|
|
There is no need to keep the contents of this file secret.
|
2010-09-24 12:00:54 +00:00
|
|
|
.Pp
|
2005-05-26 02:04:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa ~/.ssh/id_dsa
|
2010-09-24 12:00:54 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa ~/.ssh/id_ecdsa
|
2013-12-18 06:46:27 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa ~/.ssh/id_ed25519
|
2005-05-26 02:04:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa ~/.ssh/id_rsa
|
2014-08-30 15:33:50 +00:00
|
|
|
Contains the protocol version 2 DSA, ECDSA, Ed25519 or RSA
|
2013-12-18 06:46:27 +00:00
|
|
|
authentication identity of the user.
|
2001-04-11 15:59:35 +00:00
|
|
|
This file should not be readable by anyone but the user.
|
|
|
|
It is possible to
|
|
|
|
specify a passphrase when generating the key; that passphrase will be
|
2009-10-24 00:50:17 +00:00
|
|
|
used to encrypt the private part of this file using 128-bit AES.
|
2001-04-11 15:59:35 +00:00
|
|
|
This file is not automatically accessed by
|
|
|
|
.Nm
|
|
|
|
but it is offered as the default file for the private key.
|
2001-07-04 03:35:24 +00:00
|
|
|
.Xr ssh 1
|
2001-04-11 15:59:35 +00:00
|
|
|
will read this file when a login attempt is made.
|
2010-09-24 12:00:54 +00:00
|
|
|
.Pp
|
|
|
|
.It Pa ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub
|
|
|
|
.It Pa ~/.ssh/id_ecdsa.pub
|
2013-12-18 06:46:27 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa ~/.ssh/id_ed25519.pub
|
2005-05-26 02:04:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
|
2014-08-30 15:33:50 +00:00
|
|
|
Contains the protocol version 2 DSA, ECDSA, Ed25519 or RSA
|
2013-12-18 06:46:27 +00:00
|
|
|
public key for authentication.
|
- Remove references to SSLeay.
- Big OpenBSD CVS update
- markus@cvs.openbsd.org
[clientloop.c]
- typo
[session.c]
- update proctitle on pty alloc/dealloc, e.g. w/ windows client
[session.c]
- update proctitle for proto 1, too
[channels.h nchan.c serverloop.c session.c sshd.c]
- use c-style comments
- deraadt@cvs.openbsd.org
[scp.c]
- more atomicio
- markus@cvs.openbsd.org
[channels.c]
- set O_NONBLOCK
[ssh.1]
- update AUTHOR
[readconf.c ssh-keygen.c ssh.h]
- default DSA key file ~/.ssh/id_dsa
[clientloop.c]
- typo, rm verbose debug
- deraadt@cvs.openbsd.org
[ssh-keygen.1]
- document DSA use of ssh-keygen
[sshd.8]
- a start at describing what i understand of the DSA side
[ssh-keygen.1]
- document -X and -x
[ssh-keygen.c]
- simplify usage
- markus@cvs.openbsd.org
[sshd.8]
- there is no rhosts_dsa
[ssh-keygen.1]
- document -y, update -X,-x
[nchan.c]
- fix close for non-open ssh1 channels
[servconf.c servconf.h ssh.h sshd.8 sshd.c ]
- s/DsaKey/HostDSAKey/, document option
[sshconnect2.c]
- respect number_of_password_prompts
[channels.c channels.h servconf.c servconf.h session.c sshd.8]
- GatewayPorts for sshd, ok deraadt@
[ssh-add.1 ssh-agent.1 ssh.1]
- more doc on: DSA, id_dsa, known_hosts2, authorized_keys2
[ssh.1]
- more info on proto 2
[sshd.8]
- sync AUTHOR w/ ssh.1
[key.c key.h sshconnect.c]
- print key type when talking about host keys
[packet.c]
- clear padding in ssh2
[dsa.c key.c radix.c ssh.h sshconnect1.c uuencode.c uuencode.h]
- replace broken uuencode w/ libc b64_ntop
[auth2.c]
- log failure before sending the reply
[key.c radix.c uuencode.c]
- remote trailing comments before calling __b64_pton
[auth2.c readconf.c readconf.h servconf.c servconf.h ssh.1]
[sshconnect2.c sshd.8]
- add DSAAuthetication option to ssh/sshd, document SSH2 in sshd.8
- Bring in b64_ntop and b64_pton from OpenBSD libc (bsd-base64.[ch])
2000-05-07 02:03:14 +00:00
|
|
|
The contents of this file should be added to
|
2005-05-26 02:04:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.Pa ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
|
- Remove references to SSLeay.
- Big OpenBSD CVS update
- markus@cvs.openbsd.org
[clientloop.c]
- typo
[session.c]
- update proctitle on pty alloc/dealloc, e.g. w/ windows client
[session.c]
- update proctitle for proto 1, too
[channels.h nchan.c serverloop.c session.c sshd.c]
- use c-style comments
- deraadt@cvs.openbsd.org
[scp.c]
- more atomicio
- markus@cvs.openbsd.org
[channels.c]
- set O_NONBLOCK
[ssh.1]
- update AUTHOR
[readconf.c ssh-keygen.c ssh.h]
- default DSA key file ~/.ssh/id_dsa
[clientloop.c]
- typo, rm verbose debug
- deraadt@cvs.openbsd.org
[ssh-keygen.1]
- document DSA use of ssh-keygen
[sshd.8]
- a start at describing what i understand of the DSA side
[ssh-keygen.1]
- document -X and -x
[ssh-keygen.c]
- simplify usage
- markus@cvs.openbsd.org
[sshd.8]
- there is no rhosts_dsa
[ssh-keygen.1]
- document -y, update -X,-x
[nchan.c]
- fix close for non-open ssh1 channels
[servconf.c servconf.h ssh.h sshd.8 sshd.c ]
- s/DsaKey/HostDSAKey/, document option
[sshconnect2.c]
- respect number_of_password_prompts
[channels.c channels.h servconf.c servconf.h session.c sshd.8]
- GatewayPorts for sshd, ok deraadt@
[ssh-add.1 ssh-agent.1 ssh.1]
- more doc on: DSA, id_dsa, known_hosts2, authorized_keys2
[ssh.1]
- more info on proto 2
[sshd.8]
- sync AUTHOR w/ ssh.1
[key.c key.h sshconnect.c]
- print key type when talking about host keys
[packet.c]
- clear padding in ssh2
[dsa.c key.c radix.c ssh.h sshconnect1.c uuencode.c uuencode.h]
- replace broken uuencode w/ libc b64_ntop
[auth2.c]
- log failure before sending the reply
[key.c radix.c uuencode.c]
- remote trailing comments before calling __b64_pton
[auth2.c readconf.c readconf.h servconf.c servconf.h ssh.1]
[sshconnect2.c sshd.8]
- add DSAAuthetication option to ssh/sshd, document SSH2 in sshd.8
- Bring in b64_ntop and b64_pton from OpenBSD libc (bsd-base64.[ch])
2000-05-07 02:03:14 +00:00
|
|
|
on all machines
|
2001-09-12 18:35:30 +00:00
|
|
|
where the user wishes to log in using public key authentication.
|
- Remove references to SSLeay.
- Big OpenBSD CVS update
- markus@cvs.openbsd.org
[clientloop.c]
- typo
[session.c]
- update proctitle on pty alloc/dealloc, e.g. w/ windows client
[session.c]
- update proctitle for proto 1, too
[channels.h nchan.c serverloop.c session.c sshd.c]
- use c-style comments
- deraadt@cvs.openbsd.org
[scp.c]
- more atomicio
- markus@cvs.openbsd.org
[channels.c]
- set O_NONBLOCK
[ssh.1]
- update AUTHOR
[readconf.c ssh-keygen.c ssh.h]
- default DSA key file ~/.ssh/id_dsa
[clientloop.c]
- typo, rm verbose debug
- deraadt@cvs.openbsd.org
[ssh-keygen.1]
- document DSA use of ssh-keygen
[sshd.8]
- a start at describing what i understand of the DSA side
[ssh-keygen.1]
- document -X and -x
[ssh-keygen.c]
- simplify usage
- markus@cvs.openbsd.org
[sshd.8]
- there is no rhosts_dsa
[ssh-keygen.1]
- document -y, update -X,-x
[nchan.c]
- fix close for non-open ssh1 channels
[servconf.c servconf.h ssh.h sshd.8 sshd.c ]
- s/DsaKey/HostDSAKey/, document option
[sshconnect2.c]
- respect number_of_password_prompts
[channels.c channels.h servconf.c servconf.h session.c sshd.8]
- GatewayPorts for sshd, ok deraadt@
[ssh-add.1 ssh-agent.1 ssh.1]
- more doc on: DSA, id_dsa, known_hosts2, authorized_keys2
[ssh.1]
- more info on proto 2
[sshd.8]
- sync AUTHOR w/ ssh.1
[key.c key.h sshconnect.c]
- print key type when talking about host keys
[packet.c]
- clear padding in ssh2
[dsa.c key.c radix.c ssh.h sshconnect1.c uuencode.c uuencode.h]
- replace broken uuencode w/ libc b64_ntop
[auth2.c]
- log failure before sending the reply
[key.c radix.c uuencode.c]
- remote trailing comments before calling __b64_pton
[auth2.c readconf.c readconf.h servconf.c servconf.h ssh.1]
[sshconnect2.c sshd.8]
- add DSAAuthetication option to ssh/sshd, document SSH2 in sshd.8
- Bring in b64_ntop and b64_pton from OpenBSD libc (bsd-base64.[ch])
2000-05-07 02:03:14 +00:00
|
|
|
There is no need to keep the contents of this file secret.
|
2010-09-24 12:00:54 +00:00
|
|
|
.Pp
|
2003-08-02 12:40:07 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa /etc/moduli
|
|
|
|
Contains Diffie-Hellman groups used for DH-GEX.
|
|
|
|
The file format is described in
|
|
|
|
.Xr moduli 5 .
|
2000-07-11 07:31:38 +00:00
|
|
|
.El
|
1999-10-28 23:15:49 +00:00
|
|
|
.Sh SEE ALSO
|
|
|
|
.Xr ssh 1 ,
|
|
|
|
.Xr ssh-add 1 ,
|
1999-11-15 12:33:56 +00:00
|
|
|
.Xr ssh-agent 1 ,
|
2003-08-02 12:40:07 +00:00
|
|
|
.Xr moduli 5 ,
|
2001-02-10 23:10:33 +00:00
|
|
|
.Xr sshd 8
|
2001-04-22 17:15:46 +00:00
|
|
|
.Rs
|
2007-01-05 05:25:46 +00:00
|
|
|
.%R RFC 4716
|
|
|
|
.%T "The Secure Shell (SSH) Public Key File Format"
|
|
|
|
.%D 2006
|
2001-04-22 17:15:46 +00:00
|
|
|
.Re
|
2003-06-11 12:04:39 +00:00
|
|
|
.Sh AUTHORS
|
|
|
|
OpenSSH is a derivative of the original and free
|
|
|
|
ssh 1.2.12 release by Tatu Ylonen.
|
|
|
|
Aaron Campbell, Bob Beck, Markus Friedl, Niels Provos,
|
|
|
|
Theo de Raadt and Dug Song
|
|
|
|
removed many bugs, re-added newer features and
|
|
|
|
created OpenSSH.
|
|
|
|
Markus Friedl contributed the support for SSH
|
|
|
|
protocol versions 1.5 and 2.0.
|