stdio: handle file position correctly at program exit

for seekable files, posix imposed requirements on the offset of the
underlying open file description after a stream is closed. this was
correctly handled (as a side effect of the unconditional fflush call)
when streams were explicitly closed by fclose, but was not handled
correctly at program exit time, where fflush(0) was being used.

the weak symbol hackery is to pull in __stdio_exit if either of
__toread or __towrite is used, but avoid calling it twice so we don't
have to keep extra state. the new __stdio_exit is a streamlined fflush
variant that avoids performing any unnecessary operations and which
never unlocks the files or open file list, so we can be sure no other
threads write new data to a stream's buffer after it's already
flushed.

src/exit/exit.c

@@ -9,9 +9,10 @@ static void dummy()
 {
 }
 
-/* __towrite.c and atexit.c override these */
+/* __toread.c, __towrite.c, and atexit.c override these */
 weak_alias(dummy, __funcs_on_exit);
-weak_alias(dummy, __fflush_on_exit);
+weak_alias(dummy, __flush_on_exit);
+weak_alias(dummy, __seek_on_exit);
 
 void exit(int code)
 {
@@ -23,7 +24,8 @@ void exit(int code)
 	__funcs_on_exit();
 	if (libc.fini) libc.fini();
 	if (libc.ldso_fini) libc.ldso_fini();
-	__fflush_on_exit();
+	__flush_on_exit();
+	__seek_on_exit();
 
 	_Exit(code);
 	for(;;);

src/stdio/__stdio_exit.c

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+#include "stdio_impl.h"
+
+static FILE *const dummy_file = 0;
+weak_alias(dummy_file, __stdin_used);
+weak_alias(dummy_file, __stdout_used);
+weak_alias(dummy_file, __stderr_used);
+
+static void close_file(FILE *f)
+{
+	if (!f) return;
+	FLOCK(f);
+	if (f->wpos > f->wbase) f->write(f, 0, 0);
+	if (f->rpos < f->rend) f->seek(f, f->rpos-f->rend, SEEK_CUR);
+}
+
+void __stdio_exit(void)
+{
+	FILE *f;
+	OFLLOCK();
+	for (f=libc.ofl_head; f; f=f->next) close_file(f);
+	close_file(__stdin_used);
+	close_file(__stdout_used);
+}

src/stdio/__toread.c

@@ -12,3 +12,11 @@ int __toread(FILE *f)
 	f->rpos = f->rend = f->buf;
 	return 0;
 }
+
+static const int dummy = 0;
+weak_alias(dummy, __towrite_used);
+
+void __seek_on_exit()
+{
+	if (!__towrite_used) __stdio_exit();
+}

src/stdio/__towrite.c

@@ -17,8 +17,9 @@ int __towrite(FILE *f)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-/* Link flush-on-exit code iff any stdio write functions are linked. */
-void __fflush_on_exit()
+const int __towrite_used = 1;
+
+void __flush_on_exit()
 {
-	fflush(0);
+	__stdio_exit();
 }