musl/include/stdlib.h

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#ifndef _STDLIB_H
#define _STDLIB_H
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif
#include <features.h>
#ifdef __cplusplus
use a common definition of NULL as 0L for C and C++ the historical mess of having different definitions for C and C++ comes from the historical C definition as (void *)0 and the fact that (void *)0 can't be used in C++ because it does not convert to other pointer types implicitly. however, using plain 0 in C++ exposed bugs in C++ programs that call variadic functions with NULL as an argument and (wrongly; this is UB) expect it to arrive as a null pointer. on 64-bit machines, the high bits end up containing junk. glibc dodges the issue by using a GCC extension __null to define NULL; this is observably non-conforming because a conforming application could observe the definition of NULL via stringizing and see that it is neither an integer constant expression with value zero nor such an expression cast to void. switching to 0L eliminates the issue and provides compatibility with broken applications, since on all musl targets, long and pointers have the same size, representation, and argument-passing convention. we could maintain separate C and C++ definitions of NULL (i.e. just use 0L on C++ and use (void *)0 on C) but after careful analysis, it seems extremely difficult for a C program to even determine whether NULL has integer or pointer type, much less depend in subtle, unintentional ways, on whether it does. C89 seems to have no way to make the distinction. on C99, the fact that (int)(void *)0 is not an integer constant expression, along with subtle VLA/sizeof semantics, can be used to make the distinction, but many compilers are non-conforming and give the wrong result to this test anyway. on C11, _Generic can trivially make the distinction, but it seems unlikely that code targetting C11 would be so backwards in caring which definition of NULL an implementation uses. as such, the simplest path of using the same definition for NULL in both C and C++ was chosen. the #undef directive was also removed so that the compiler can catch and give a warning or error on redefinition if buggy programs have defined their own versions of NULL prior to inclusion of standard headers.
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#define NULL 0L
#else
#define NULL ((void*)0)
#endif
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#define __NEED_size_t
#define __NEED_wchar_t
#include <bits/alltypes.h>
int atoi (const char *);
long atol (const char *);
long long atoll (const char *);
double atof (const char *);
float strtof (const char *__restrict, char **__restrict);
double strtod (const char *__restrict, char **__restrict);
long double strtold (const char *__restrict, char **__restrict);
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long strtol (const char *__restrict, char **__restrict, int);
unsigned long strtoul (const char *__restrict, char **__restrict, int);
long long strtoll (const char *__restrict, char **__restrict, int);
unsigned long long strtoull (const char *__restrict, char **__restrict, int);
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int rand (void);
void srand (unsigned);
void *malloc (size_t);
void *calloc (size_t, size_t);
void *realloc (void *, size_t);
void free (void *);
void *aligned_alloc(size_t alignment, size_t size);
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_Noreturn void abort (void);
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int atexit (void (*) (void));
_Noreturn void exit (int);
_Noreturn void _Exit (int);
int at_quick_exit (void (*) (void));
_Noreturn void quick_exit (int);
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char *getenv (const char *);
int system (const char *);
void *bsearch (const void *, const void *, size_t, size_t, int (*)(const void *, const void *));
void qsort (void *, size_t, size_t, int (*)(const void *, const void *));
int abs (int);
long labs (long);
long long llabs (long long);
typedef struct { int quot, rem; } div_t;
typedef struct { long quot, rem; } ldiv_t;
typedef struct { long long quot, rem; } lldiv_t;
div_t div (int, int);
ldiv_t ldiv (long, long);
lldiv_t lldiv (long long, long long);
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int mblen (const char *, size_t);
int mbtowc (wchar_t *__restrict, const char *__restrict, size_t);
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int wctomb (char *, wchar_t);
size_t mbstowcs (wchar_t *__restrict, const char *__restrict, size_t);
size_t wcstombs (char *__restrict, const wchar_t *__restrict, size_t);
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#define EXIT_FAILURE 1
#define EXIT_SUCCESS 0
#define MB_CUR_MAX ((size_t)+4)
#define RAND_MAX (0x7fffffff)
#if defined(_POSIX_SOURCE) || defined(_POSIX_C_SOURCE) \
|| defined(_XOPEN_SOURCE) || defined(_GNU_SOURCE) \
|| defined(_BSD_SOURCE)
#define WNOHANG 1
#define WUNTRACED 2
#define WEXITSTATUS(s) (((s) & 0xff00) >> 8)
#define WTERMSIG(s) ((s) & 0x7f)
#define WSTOPSIG(s) WEXITSTATUS(s)
#define WIFEXITED(s) (!WTERMSIG(s))
#define WIFSTOPPED(s) ((short)((((s)&0xffff)*0x10001)>>8) > 0x7f00)
#define WIFSIGNALED(s) (((s)&0xffff)-1 < 0xffu)
int posix_memalign (void **, size_t, size_t);
int setenv (const char *, const char *, int);
int unsetenv (const char *);
int mkstemp (char *);
int mkostemp (char *, int);
char *mkdtemp (char *);
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int getsubopt (char **, char *const *, char **);
int rand_r (unsigned *);
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#endif
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#if defined(_XOPEN_SOURCE) || defined(_GNU_SOURCE) \
|| defined(_BSD_SOURCE)
char *realpath (const char *__restrict, char *__restrict);
long int random (void);
void srandom (unsigned int);
char *initstate (unsigned int, char *, size_t);
char *setstate (char *);
#endif
#if defined(_XOPEN_SOURCE) || defined(_GNU_SOURCE)
int putenv (char *);
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int posix_openpt (int);
int grantpt (int);
int unlockpt (int);
char *ptsname (int);
char *l64a (long);
long a64l (const char *);
void setkey (const char *);
double drand48 (void);
double erand48 (unsigned short [3]);
long int lrand48 (void);
long int nrand48 (unsigned short [3]);
long mrand48 (void);
long jrand48 (unsigned short [3]);
void srand48 (long);
unsigned short *seed48 (unsigned short [3]);
void lcong48 (unsigned short [7]);
#endif
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#if defined(_GNU_SOURCE) || defined(_BSD_SOURCE)
#include <alloca.h>
char *mktemp (char *);
int mkstemps (char *, int);
int mkostemps (char *, int, int);
void *valloc (size_t);
void *memalign(size_t, size_t);
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int getloadavg(double *, int);
#define WCOREDUMP(s) ((s) & 0x80)
#define WIFCONTINUED(s) ((s) == 0xffff)
#endif
#ifdef _GNU_SOURCE
int clearenv(void);
int ptsname_r(int, char *, size_t);
char *ecvt(double, int, int *, int *);
char *fcvt(double, int, int *, int *);
char *gcvt(double, int, char *);
struct __locale_struct;
float strtof_l(const char *__restrict, char **__restrict, struct __locale_struct *);
double strtod_l(const char *__restrict, char **__restrict, struct __locale_struct *);
long double strtold_l(const char *__restrict, char **__restrict, struct __locale_struct *);
#endif
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#if defined(_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE) || defined(_GNU_SOURCE)
#define mkstemp64 mkstemp
#define mkostemp64 mkostemp
#if defined(_GNU_SOURCE) || defined(_BSD_SOURCE)
#define mkstemps64 mkstemps
#define mkostemps64 mkostemps
#endif
#endif
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#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
#endif