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See manpage additions. This is a huge hack. You can bet there are shit
tons of bugs. It's literally forcing square pegs into round holes.
Hopefully, the manpage wall of text makes it clear enough that the whole
shit can easily crash and burn. (Although it shouldn't literally crash.
That would be a bug. It possibly _could_ start a fire by entering some
sort of endless loop, not a literal one, just something where it tries
to do work without making progress.)
(Some obvious bugs I simply ignored for this initial version, but
there's a number of potential bugs I can't even imagine. Normal playback
should remain completely unaffected, though.)
How this works is also described in the manpage. Basically, we demux in
reverse, then we decode in reverse, then we render in reverse.
The decoding part is the simplest: just reorder the decoder output. This
weirdly integrates with the timeline/ordered chapter code, which also
has special requirements on feeding the packets to the decoder in a
non-straightforward way (it doesn't conflict, although a bugmessmass
breaks correct slicing of segments, so EDL/ordered chapter playback is
broken in backward direction).
Backward demuxing is pretty involved. In theory, it could be much
easier: simply iterating the usual demuxer output backward. But this
just doesn't fit into our code, so there's a cthulhu nightmare of shit.
To be specific, each stream (audio, video) is reversed separately. At
least this means we can do backward playback within cached content (for
example, you could play backwards in a live stream; on that note, it
disables prefetching, which would lead to losing new live video, but
this could be avoided).
The fuckmess also meant that I didn't bother trying to support
subtitles. Subtitles are a problem because they're "sparse" streams.
They need to be "passively" demuxed: you don't try to read a subtitle
packet, you demux audio and video, and then look whether there was a
subtitle packet. This means to get subtitles for a time range, you need
to know that you demuxed video and audio over this range, which becomes
pretty messy when you demux audio and video backwards separately.
Backward display is the most weird (and potentially buggy) part. To
avoid that we need to touch a LOT of timing code, we negate all
timestamps. The basic idea is that due to the navigation, all
comparisons and subtractions of timestamps keep working, and you don't
need to touch every single of them to "reverse" them.
E.g.:
bool before = pts_a < pts_b;
would need to be:
bool before = forward
? pts_a < pts_b
: pts_a > pts_b;
or:
bool before = pts_a * dir < pts_b * dir;
or if you, as it's implemented now, just do this after decoding:
pts_a *= dir;
pts_b *= dir;
and then in the normal timing/renderer code:
bool before = pts_a < pts_b;
Consequently, we don't need many changes in the latter code. But some
assumptions inhererently true for forward playback may have been broken
anyway. What is mainly needed is fixing places where values are passed
between positive and negative "domains". For example, seeking and
timestamp user display always uses positive timestamps. The main mess is
that it's not obvious which domain a given variable should or does use.
Well, in my tests with a single file, it suddenly started to work when I
did this. I'm honestly surprised that it did, and that I didn't have to
change a single line in the timing code past decoder (just something
minor to make external/cached text subtitles display). I committed it
immediately while avoiding thinking about it. But there really likely
are subtle problems of all sorts.
As far as I'm aware, gstreamer also supports backward playback. When I
looked at this years ago, I couldn't find a way to actually try this,
and I didn't revisit it now. Back then I also read talk slides from the
person who implemented it, and I'm not sure if and which ideas I might
have taken from it. It's possible that the timestamp reversal is
inspired by it, but I didn't check. (I think it claimed that it could
avoid large changes by changing a sign?)
VapourSynth has some sort of reverse function, which provides a backward
view on a video. The function itself is trivial to implement, as
VapourSynth aims to provide random access to video by frame numbers (so
you just request decreasing frame numbers). From what I remember, it
wasn't exactly fluid, but it worked. It's implemented by creating an
index, and seeking to the target on demand, and a bunch of caching. mpv
could use it, but it would either require using VapourSynth as demuxer
and decoder for everything, or replacing the current file every time
something is supposed to be played backwards.
FFmpeg's libavfilter has reversal filters for audio and video. These
require buffering the entire media data of the file, and don't really
fit into mpv's architecture. It could be used by playing a libavfilter
graph that also demuxes, but that's like VapourSynth but worse.
73 lines
2.6 KiB
C
73 lines
2.6 KiB
C
/*
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* This file is part of mpv.
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*
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* mpv is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
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* modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
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* License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
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* version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
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*
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* mpv is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
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* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
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* GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
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*
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* You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
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* License along with mpv. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
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*/
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#ifndef MPLAYER_DEMUX_PACKET_H
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#define MPLAYER_DEMUX_PACKET_H
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#include <stdbool.h>
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#include <stddef.h>
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#include <inttypes.h>
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// Holds one packet/frame/whatever
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typedef struct demux_packet {
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double pts;
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double dts;
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double duration;
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int64_t pos; // position in source file byte stream
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unsigned char *buffer;
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int len;
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int stream; // source stream index (typically sh_stream.index)
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bool keyframe;
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// backward playback
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bool back_restart; // restart point (reverse and return previous frames)
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bool back_preroll; // initial discarded frame for smooth decoder reinit
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// segmentation (ordered chapters, EDL)
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bool segmented;
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struct mp_codec_params *codec; // set to non-NULL iff segmented is set
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double start, end; // set to non-NOPTS iff segmented is set
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// private
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struct demux_packet *next;
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struct AVPacket *avpacket; // keep the buffer allocation and sidedata
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double kf_seek_pts; // demux.c internal: seek pts for keyframe range
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struct mp_packet_tags *metadata; // timed metadata (demux.c internal)
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} demux_packet_t;
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struct AVBufferRef;
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struct demux_packet *new_demux_packet(size_t len);
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struct demux_packet *new_demux_packet_from_avpacket(struct AVPacket *avpkt);
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struct demux_packet *new_demux_packet_from(void *data, size_t len);
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struct demux_packet *new_demux_packet_from_buf(struct AVBufferRef *buf);
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void demux_packet_shorten(struct demux_packet *dp, size_t len);
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void free_demux_packet(struct demux_packet *dp);
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struct demux_packet *demux_copy_packet(struct demux_packet *dp);
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size_t demux_packet_estimate_total_size(struct demux_packet *dp);
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void demux_packet_copy_attribs(struct demux_packet *dst, struct demux_packet *src);
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int demux_packet_set_padding(struct demux_packet *dp, int start, int end);
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int demux_packet_add_blockadditional(struct demux_packet *dp, uint64_t id,
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void *data, size_t size);
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#endif /* MPLAYER_DEMUX_PACKET_H */
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