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468 lines
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468 lines
19 KiB
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</HEAD>
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<BODY BGCOLOR=white>
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<FONT CLASS="text">
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<P><B><A NAME=2.4>2.4. Encoding with MEncoder</A></B></P>
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<P><B><A NAME=2.4.1>2.4.1. Overview</B></P>
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<P><B>MEncoder</B> (<B>MPlayer</B>'s Movie Encoder) is a simple movie encoder,
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designed to encode MPlayer-playable movies
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(<B>AVI/ASF/OGG/DVD/VCD/VOB/MPG/MOV/VIV/FLI/RM/NUV/NET</B>) to other MPlayer-playable
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formats (see below). It can encode with various codecs, like <B>DivX4</B> (1 or
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2 passes), libavcodec, <B>PCM</B>/<B>MP3</B>/<B>VBRMP3</B> audio. Also has
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stream copying and video resizing abilities.</P>
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<P><B><A NAME=2.4.2>2.4.2. Compiling</B></P>
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<P>
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<UL>
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<LI><B>OPTIONAL</B> - read <B>MPlayer</B>'s compilation instruction.</LI>
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<LI><B>OPTIONAL (LINUX ONLY)</B> - download the newest <B>DivX4linux</B> libs
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from <A HREF="http://avifile.sourceforge.net/download.htm">avifile.sourceforge.net</A>,
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and have them PROPERLY installed. You need them if you want DivX4
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(1/2 pass) encoding.</LI>
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<LI><B>OPTIONAL</B> - <A HREF="codecs.html#2.2.1.9">download and install
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<B>XViD</B></A>. Very useful on non-Linux boxes, and/or when you need
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faster encoding than DivX4, with approximately the same quality.</LI>
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<LI><B>OPTIONAL</B> - for libavcodec support, install libavcodec as
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described in the <A HREF="codecs.html#2.2.1.2">libavcodec section</A>.</LI>
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<LI><B>OPTIONAL</B> - download and compile <B>libmp3lame</B> (from lame 3.89beta or lame CVS).<BR>
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<B>WARNING : DO NOT COMPILE LAME WITH <U>GCC 2.96</U> ! It won't
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work properly !</B><BR>
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This
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is needed for CBR/VBR MP3 audio encoding ability. Note that a single
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<CODE>lame</CODE> binary isn't sufficient. BTW: the less optimization
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you use for lame, the better the quality will be. You can test
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quality by running <CODE>make test</CODE> after lame's compiling process
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is over. The resulting number should be less than <B>30</B>. Don't
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panic if it's <B>400</B> or so, you shouldn't heard any audible
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quality decrease. Oh, and if your compiler doesn't even run <CODE>make test</CODE> ...
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Well, delete that <B>GCC 2.96</B>.</LI>
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<LI><B>OPTIONAL</B> - <CODE>libjpeg</CODE> and <CODE>libpng</CODE> -
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as described in the <A HREF="documentation.html#1.3">Installation</A>
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section</LI>
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</UL>
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</P>
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<P>You are ready. As you probably know, other encoding tools need the
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<I>avifile</I> library installed. <B>MEncoder</B> doesn't need it at all.</P>
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<P><B><A NAME=2.4.3>2.4.3. MEncoder features</B></P>
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<P>
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<UL>
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<LI>encoding from the wide range of fileformats and decoders of <B>MPlayer</B></LI>
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<LI>encoding to all the codecs of ffmpeg's
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<A HREF=codecs.html#2.2.1.2>libavcodec</A></LI>
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<LI>video encoding from <B>V4L compatible TV tuners</B></LI>
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<LI>encoding/multiplexing to interleaved AVI files with proper index</LI>
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<LI>creating files from external audio stream</LI>
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<LI>1, 2 or 3 pass <B>DivX4</B> video</LI>
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<LI><B>VBR</B> MP3 audio - <B>IMPORTANT NOTE</B> : VBR MP3 audio doesn't
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always play nicely on windows players! On the other hand, currently
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<B>MEncoder</B>'s CBR encoding is totally broken on win32 players :)</LI>
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<LI>PCM audio</LI>
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<LI>stream copying</LI>
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<LI>input A/V synchronizing (PTS-based, can be disabled with -mc 0 option)</LI>
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<LI>FPS correction with <CODE>-ofps</CODE> option (useful when encoding
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29.97fps VOB to 24fps AVI)</LI>
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<LI>using our very powerful plugin system (crop, expand, flip, postprocess,
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rotate, scale, rgb/yuv conversion)</LI>
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<LI>can encode DVD/VOBsub <B>AND</B> text subtitles into the output file</LI>
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</UL>
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</P>
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<P><B><I>Planned features</I></B> :
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<UL>
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<LI>even wider variety of available en/decoding formats/codecs
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(creating VOB files with DivX4/Indeo5/VIVO streams :)</LI>
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<LI>audio encoding from v4l (DONE for FreeBSD ?)</LI>
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</UL>
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</P>
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<P><B><A NAME=2.4.3.1>2.4.3.1. Encoding 2 or 3-pass DivX4</B></P>
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<P><U><B>2-pass encoding :</B></U> the name comes from the fact that this method encodes the file <I>twice</I>.
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The first encoding (dubbed <I>pass</I>) creates some temporary files (*.log) with a
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size of few megabytes, do not delete them yet (you can delete the AVI). In the second pass, the
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2-pass output file is created, using the bitrate data from the temporary files. The resulting
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file will have much better image quality. If this is the first time you heard
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about this, you should consult some guides available on the Net.</P>
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<P>This example shows how to encode a DVD to a 2-pass DivX4 AVI. Just two
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commands are needed :<BR>
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<CODE> rm frameno.avi</CODE> - remove this file, which
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can come from a previous 3-pass encoding (it interferes with current one)<BR>
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<CODE> mencoder -dvd 2 -divx4opts br=1100
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-o movie.avi -pass 1<BR>
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mencoder -dvd 2 -divx4opts br=1100 -o movie.avi -pass 2</CODE></P>
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<P><U><B>3-pass encoding :</B></U> this is an extension of 2-pass encoding,
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where the audio encoding takes place in a separate pass. This method enables
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estimation of recommended video bitrate in order to fit on a CD. Also, the
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audio is encoded only once, unlike in 2-pass mode. The schematics :</P>
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<P>
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<TABLE>
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<TR>
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<TD><FONT CLASS="text">
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<CODE>rm frameno.avi</CODE></TD>
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<TD><FONT CLASS="text">
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<B>remove conflicting temporary file</B></TD>
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</TR>
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<TR>
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<TD><FONT CLASS="text">
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<CODE>mencoder <file/DVD> -ovc frameno -o
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frameno.avi</CODE></TD>
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<TD><FONT CLASS="text">
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<B><U>First pass</U> : an audio-only avi file will be created, containing
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ONLY the requested audio stream. Don't forget <CODE>-lameopts</CODE>, if
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you need to set it. If you were encoding a long movie, MEncoder prints
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the recommended bitrate values for 650Mb, 700Mb, and 800Mb destination
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sizes, after this pass finishes.</B></TD>
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</TR>
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<TR>
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<TD><FONT CLASS="text">
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<CODE>mencoder <file/DVD> -oac copy -pass 1
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-divx4opts br=<bitrate></CODE></TD>
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<TD><FONT CLASS="text">
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<B><U>Second pass</U> : alias the first pass of DivX4 video encoding.
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Optionally specify the video bitrate MEncoder printed at the end of the
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previous pass.</B></TD>
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</TR>
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<TR>
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<TD><FONT CLASS="text">
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<CODE>mencoder <file/DVD> -oac copy -pass 2
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-divx4opts br=<bitrate></CODE></TD>
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<TD><FONT CLASS="text">
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<B><U>Third pass</U> : alias the second pass of DivX4 video encoding.
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Optionally specify the video bitrate MEncoder printed at the end of the
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previous pass. In this pass, audio from <CODE>frameno.avi</CODE> will be
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inserted into the destination file.. and it's all ready!</B></TD>
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</TR>
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</TABLE>
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</P>
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<P><B>Example for 3-pass encoding :</B></P>
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<P><CODE> rm frameno.avi</CODE> - remove this file,
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which can come from a previous 3-pass encoding (it interferes with current
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one)<BR>
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<CODE> mencoder -dvd 2 -ovc frameno
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-o frameno.avi<BR>
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<CODE> mencoder -dvd 2
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-divx4opts br=1100 -oac copy -o movie.avi -pass 1<BR>
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mencoder -dvd 2
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-divx4opts br=1100 -oac copy -o movie.avi -pass 2</CODE>
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</P>
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<P><U><B>2 or 3-pass encoding using internal libavcodec controler</B></U> :
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Optionally you can use libavcodec's internal 2 or 3-pass mode, it may gives you
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better final rate accuracy than using the external, DivX4-inspired 2-pass rate
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controler with libavcodec.<BR>
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<UL>
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<B>2-pass encoding</B> :<BR>
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<CODE>rm -f lavc_stats.txt<BR>
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mencoder -dvd 2 -ovc lavc -lacvopts vpass=1 (audio-options) -o movie.avi<BR>
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mencoder -dvd 2 -ovc lavc -lacvopts vpass=2 (audio-options) -o movie.avi</CODE><BR>
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<BR>
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<B>3-pass encoding</B> :<BR>
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<CODE>rm -f frameno.avi lavc_stats.txt<BR>
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mencoder -dvd 2 -ovc frameno (audio-options) -o frameno.avi<BR>
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mencoder -dvd 2 -ovc lavc -lacvopts vpass=1 -oac copy -o movie.avi<BR>
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mencoder -dvd 2 -ovc lavc -lacvopts vpass=2 -oac copy -o movie.avi</CODE><BR>
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</UL>
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</P>
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<P><B><A NAME=2.4.3.2>2.4.3.2. Rescaling movies</B></P>
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<P>Often the need to resize movie images' size emerges. Its reasons can be many,
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examples are decreasing output file size, encoding SVCDs to DivX. Ripped DVDs
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are mostly rescaled, for example a 4:3 DVD should be 640x480, especially
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when you want it to fit to 1 CD, and have good quality at the same time.
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SVCDs have 480x480 size, and their header contains the aspect ratio the
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player should use (Ex.: 480x480 + 4:3 = 640x480). However when encoding to
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AVI (DivX) files, you have be aware that AVI headers don't store this
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value. Thus, the only solution is rescaling.</P>
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<P>The scaling process is handled by the <I>'scale'</I> video filter:
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<CODE>-vop scale=X:Y</CODE>. Its quality can be set with the
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<CODE>-sws</CODE> option. If it's not specified, <B>MEncoder</B> will use 0 :
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fast bilinear.</P>
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<P>Usage :<BR>
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<CODE> mencoder sample-svcd.mpg -divx4opts br=1300 -vop scale=640:480 -sws 2 -o output.avi</CODE></P>
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<P><B><A NAME=2.4.3.3>2.4.3.3. Stream copying</B></P>
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<P><B>MEncoder</B> can handle input streams in two ways : <B>encode</B> or
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<B>copy</B> them. This section is about <B>copying</B>.</P>
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<P>
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<UL>
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<LI><B>Video stream</B> (option <CODE>-ovc copy</CODE>) : nice stuff can be done :)<BR>
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Like, putting (not converting!) FLI or VIVO or MPEG1 video into an AVI file !
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Of course only <B>MPlayer</B> can play such files :) And it probably has no
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real life value at all. Rationally : video stream copying can be useful for
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example when only the audio stream has to be encoded (like, uncompressed PCM
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to MP3).</LI>
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<LI><B>Audio stream</B> (option <CODE>-oac copy</CODE>) : straightforward.
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It is possible to take an external audio file (MP3, AC3, Vorbis) and mux it
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into the output stream. Use the <CODE>-audiofile <filename></CODE>
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option for this.</LI>
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</UL>
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</P>
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<P><B><A NAME=2.4.3.4>2.4.3.4. Fixing AVIs with broken index or interleaving</B></P>
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<P>Easiest thing. We simply copy the video and audio streams, and
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<B>MEncoder</B> generates the index. Of course this cannot fix possible bugs in
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the video and/or audio streams. It also fixes files with broken interleaving,
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thus the <CODE>-ni</CODE> option won't be needed for them anymore.</P>
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<P>Command : <CODE>mencoder -idx input.avi -ovc copy -oac copy -o output.avi</CODE></P>
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<P><B><A NAME=2.4.3.5>2.4.3.5. Encoding with the <I>libavcodec</I> codec family</B></P>
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<P><A HREF="codecs.html#2.2.1.2">libavcodec</A> provides simple encoding to a
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lot of interesting video and audio formats (currently its audio codecs are
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unsupported). You can encode to the following codecs :</P>
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<P>
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<UL>
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<LI>mjpeg - Motion JPEG</LI>
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<LI>h263 - H263</LI>
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<LI>h263p - H263 Plus</LI>
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<LI>mpeg4 - DivX4</LI>
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<LI>msmpeg4 - the old DivX</LI>
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<LI>msmpeg4v2 - Micro$oft MPEG4 V2 (DivX alias MP43 predecessor)</LI>
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<LI>rv10 - an old RealVideo codec</LI>
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<LI>mpeg1video - MPEG1 video :)</LI>
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</UL>
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</P>
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<P>The first column contains the codec names that should be passed after the
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<CODE>vcodec</CODE> config, like : <CODE>-lavcopts vcodec=msmpeg4</CODE></P>
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<P>An example, with MJPEG compression :<BR>
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<CODE> mencoder -dvd 2 -o title2.avi -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mjpeg</CODE></P>
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<P><B><A NAME=2.4.3.6>2.4.3.6. Encoding from multiple input image files (JPEGs or PNGs)</B></P>
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<P><B>MEncoder</B> is capable of creating movies from one or more JPEG or PNG
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files. With simple framecopy it can create MJPEG (Motion JPEG) or MPNG
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(Motion PNG) files.</P>
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<P><B><I>Explanation of the process</I></B></P>
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<P><B>MEncoder</B> <I>decodes</I> the input image(s) with <CODE>libjpeg</CODE>
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(when decoding PNGs, it will use <B>libpng</B>).
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</P>
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<P><B>MEncoder</B> then feeds the decoded image to the chosen video compressor
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(DivX4, Xvid, ffmpeg msmpeg4, etc...). Watch for the PNG decoder, as
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currently it can output only to RGB formats, thus can't be used with codecs
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that require YUV as input, like DivX4 or ffmpeg's msmpeg4.</P>
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<P><B><I>Examples</I></B></P>
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<P>The explanation of the <CODE>-mf</CODE> option can be found below in the
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global <A HREF=#2.4.5>Options</A> section and in the manpage.</P>
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<P><I>Creating a DivX4 file from all the JPEG files in the current dir :</I><BR>
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<CODE>mencoder \*.jpg -mf on:w=800:h=600:fps=25 -ovc divx4 -o
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output.avi</CODE></P>
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<P><I>Creating a DivX4 file from some JPEG files in the current dir :</I><BR>
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<CODE>mencoder frame001.jpg,frame002.jpg -mf on:w=800:h=600:fps=25 -ovc divx4 -o
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output.avi</CODE></P>
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<P><I>Creating a Motion JPEG (MJPEG) file from all the JPEG files in the current dir :</I><BR>
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<CODE>mencoder \*.jpg -mf on:w=800:h=600:fps=25 -ovc copy
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-o output.avi</CODE></P>
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<P><I>Creating an uncompressed file from all the PNG files in the current dir :</I><BR>
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<CODE>mencoder \*.png -mf on:w=800:h=600:fps=25:type=png -ovc raw -o
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output.avi</CODE></P>
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<P><I>Creating a Motion PNG (MPNG) file from all the PNG files in the current dir :</I><BR>
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<CODE>mencoder \*.png -mf on:w=800:h=600:fps=25:type=png -ovc copy
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-o output.avi</CODE></P>
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<P><B><A NAME=2.4.4>2.4.4. Syntax</B></P>
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<P> <CODE>mencoder [options] [input file] [options] ...</P>
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<P><B><A NAME=2.4.5>2.4.5. Available options</B></P>
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<P>NOTE : for all available options, <B>read the manpage !</B></P>
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<P>
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As <B>MEncoder</B> is built on the same codebase as <B>MPlayer</B>, there
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are many <B>MPlayer</B> options that have function in <B>MEncoder</B> too!
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See, you can use <CODE>-sid</CODE> to rip a DVD with subtitles, or
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<CODE>-noidx</CODE> to disregard buggy index of input AVI. <B>Be smart!</B>
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</P>
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<TABLE BORDER=1>
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<TR>
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<TD><FONT CLASS="text">
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<I>-ss</I> time</TD>
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<TD><FONT CLASS="text">
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start encoding from the given time (can start only from keyframes !)
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</TD>
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</TR>
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<TR>
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<TD><FONT CLASS="text">
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<I>-endpos</I> time</TD>
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<TD><FONT CLASS="text">
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stop encoding at the given time. See the manpage for examples !
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</TD>
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</TR>
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<TR>
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<TD><FONT CLASS="text">
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<I>-o</I> filename</TD>
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<TD><FONT CLASS="text">
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specify output filename
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</TD>
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</TR>
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<TR>
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<TD><FONT CLASS="text">
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<I>-sws</I> 0-2</TD>
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<TD><FONT CLASS="text">
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type of scaling method<BR>
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0 - fast bilinear<BR>
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1 - bilinear<BR>
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2 - bicubic (best quality)<BR>
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</TD>
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</TR>
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<TR>
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<TD><FONT CLASS="text">
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<I>-ovc</I> codecname</TD>
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<TD><FONT CLASS="text">
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Encode with the given codec (codec names are from codecs.conf). Examples:<BR>
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<B>help</B> - get list of available codecs<BR>
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<B>rawrgb</B> - ?<BR>
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<B>copy</B> - no encoding, just copy the stream (only from AVI/ASF now)<BR>
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<B>divx4</B> - encode to DivX4<BR>
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<B>lavc</B> - encode with a codec from libavcodec<BR>
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<B>vfw</B> - encode with a Windows DLL<BR>
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</TD>
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</TR>
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<TR>
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<TD><FONT CLASS="text">
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<I>-oac</I> codecname</TD>
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<TD><FONT CLASS="text">
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Encode with the given codec (codec names are from codecs.conf). Examples:<BR>
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<B>help</B> - get list of available codecs<BR>
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<B>copy</B> - no encoding, just copy the stream (only from AVI/ASF now)<BR>
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<B>pcm</B> - encode to uncompressed PCM<BR>
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<B>mp3lame</B> - encode to MP3 (using Lame)<BR>
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</TD>
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</TR>
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<TR>
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<TD><FONT CLASS="text">
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<I>-mf</I> multifile options</TD>
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<TD><FONT CLASS="text">
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Used when encoding from multiple JPEG files. Its sub-options are:<BR>
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<B>on</B> - turns on multifile support<BR>
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<B>w</B>=<value> - width of the output file<BR>
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<B>h</B>=<value> - height of the output file<BR>
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<B>fps</B>=<value> - fps of the output file<BR>
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<B>type</B>=<value> - type of input files (available types : <CODE>jpeg</CODE>, <CODE>png</CODE>)<BR>
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</TD>
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</TR>
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<TR>
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<TD><FONT CLASS="text">
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<I>-divx4opts</I></TD>
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<TD><FONT CLASS="text">
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If encoding to DivX4, you can specify its parameters here, like:<BR>
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<CODE>-divx4opts br=1800:deinterlace:key=250</CODE><BR>
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Common options: <B>(for full list, check the manpage!)</B><BR>
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<B>help</B> - get help<BR>
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<B>br</B>=<value> - specify bitrate in kbit <4-16000> or bit <16001-24000000><BR>
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<B>q</B>=<value> - quality (1-fastest, 5-best - default 5)<BR>
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<B>key</B>=<value> - keyframe interval<BR>
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</TD>
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</TR>
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<TR>
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<TD><FONT CLASS="text">
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<I>-lavcopts</I></TD>
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<TD><FONT CLASS="text">
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If encoding with libavcodec, you can specify its parameters here, like:<BR>
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<CODE>-lavcopts vcodec=msmpeg4:vbitrate=1800:vhq:keyint=250</CODE><BR>
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Common options: <B>(for full list, check the manpage!)</B><BR>
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<B>help</B> - get help<BR>
|
|
<B>vcodec</B>=<value> - select videocodec (for the full list, see the libavcodec section above)<BR>
|
|
<B>vbitrate</B>=<value> - specify bitrate in kbit <4-16000> or bit <16001-24000000><BR>
|
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<B>vhq</B> - high quality<BR>
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<B>keyint</B>=<value> - keyframe interval<BR>
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|
</TD>
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</TR>
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<TR>
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<TD><FONT CLASS="text">
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|
<I>-lameopts</I></TD>
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<TD><FONT CLASS="text">
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If encoding to MP3 with libmp3lame, you can specify its parameters here, like:<BR>
|
|
<CODE>-lameopts q=3</CODE><BR>
|
|
<CODE>-lameopts br=192:cbr</CODE><BR>
|
|
Common options: <B>(for full list, check the manpage!)</B><BR>
|
|
<B>help</B> - get help<BR>
|
|
<B>cbr</B> - select <B>CBR</B> MP3 (default is <B>VBR</B>)<BR>
|
|
<B>br</B>=<value> - specify bitrate in kbit <0-1024> (this is for <B>CBR</B> only!)<BR>
|
|
<B>q</B>=<value> - quality (0-highest, 9-fastest - default 0) (this is for <B>VBR</B> only!)<BR>
|
|
<B>vbr</B>=<value> - VBR sub-mode (3-ABR, best quality/speed) (this is for <B>VBR</B> only!)<BR>
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|
</TD>
|
|
</TR>
|
|
</TABLE>
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|
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<P><B><A NAME=2.4.6>2.4.6. Examples</B></P>
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<P>Using <B>MEncoder</B> is the easiest thing on Earth. See the following :</P>
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|
|
|
<P>Encoding from DVD, title 2 :<BR>
|
|
<CODE> mencoder -dvd 2 -o title2.avi</CODE></P>
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|
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<P>The same, but with libavcodec family, MJPEG compression :<BR>
|
|
<CODE> mencoder -dvd 2 -o title2.avi -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mjpeg -ffourcc mjpg</CODE></P>
|
|
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|
<P>Encoding from DVD, title 2, with rescaling :<BR>
|
|
<CODE> mencoder -dvd 2 -vop scale=640:480 -sws 2 -o title2.avi</CODE></P>
|
|
|
|
<P>Encoding from HTTP :<BR>
|
|
<CODE> mencoder http://mplayer.hq/example.avi -o example.avi</CODE></P>
|
|
|
|
<P>Encoding from a pipe :<BR>
|
|
<CODE> rar p test-SVCD.rar | mencoder -divx4opts br=800 -ofps 24 -pass 1 -- -</CODE></P>
|
|
|
|
<P>Encoding multiple *.vob files :<BR>
|
|
<CODE> cat *.vob | mencoder <options> -</CODE></P>
|
|
|
|
<P>Encoding from tuner (for tuner options <A HREF="documentation.html#2.5">see the TV input section !</A>) :<BR>
|
|
<CODE> mencoder -tv on:driver=v4l:width=640:height=480 <options></CODE></P>
|
|
|
|
<P>For all available options, <B><I>check the MEncoder man page !</I></B>
|
|
<P>
|
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</FONT>
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</HTML>
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