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applied Diego's cosmetics patch :) with some small fixes

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git-svn-id: svn://svn.mplayerhq.hu/mplayer/trunk@5363 b3059339-0415-0410-9bf9-f77b7e298cf2
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arpi 2002-03-27 00:54:45 +00:00
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<P><B><A NAME=2.1>2.1. Supported formats</A></B></P> <P><B><A NAME=2.1>2.1. Supported formats</A></B></P>
<P>It's important to clarify a popular mistake. When people see a file with <P>It is important to clarify a common mistake. When people see a file with a
<B>.AVI</B> extension, they instantly declare that isn't an MPEG file. <B>.AVI</B> extension, they immediately conclude that it is not a MPEG file.
That's not true. At least not entirely. If you tell them that such a file That is not true. At least not entirely. Contrary to popular belief such a file
can contain MPEG1 video, they laugh at you. Feel free to kick their dumbass <B>can</B> contain MPEG1 video.</P>
faces, then tell them to RTFM.</P>
<P>You see, a <B>codec</B> isn't equal to a <B>file format</B>.<BR> <P>You see, a <B>codec</B> is not the same as a <B>file format</B>.<BR>
Video <B>codecs</B> are: MPEG1, MPEG2, DivX, Indeo5, 3ivx.<BR> Video <B>codecs</B> are: MPEG1, MPEG2, DivX, Indeo5, 3ivx.<BR>
Video <B>formats</B> are: MPG, AVI, ASF.<BR> Video <B>formats</B> are: MPG, AVI, ASF.<BR>
</P> </P>
<P>In theory, you can happily put an OpenDivX video and MP3 audio <P>In theory, you can happily put an OpenDivX video and MP3 audio
into a <B>.MPG</B> format file. Though most players won't play it, since into a <B>MPG</B> format file. Most players will not play it, though, since
they expect MPEG1 video and MP2 audio (<B>.MPG</B> doesn't have the they expect MPEG1 video and MP2 audio (<B>.MPG</B> does not have the
necessary fields to describe its video and audio streams, like <B>.AVI</B> necessary fields to describe its video and audio streams, like <B>.AVI</B>
does). Or put MPEG1 video to an .AVI. For example <A HREF="http://ffmpeg.sourceforge.net">ffmpeg</A> does). Or you might put MPEG1 video into an .AVI file. <A HREF="http://ffmpeg.sourceforge.net">FFmpeg</A>
and <A HREF="encoding.html">MEncoder</A> can create these files.</P> and <A HREF="encoding.html">MEncoder</A> can create these files.</P>
<P>Audio <B>codecs</B> and <B>formats</B> are basically the same terms.</P> <P>In contrast to that audio <B>codecs</B> and audio <B>formats</B> are basically the same terms.</P>
<P><B><A NAME=2.1.1>2.1.1. Video formats</A></B></P> <P><B><A NAME=2.1.1>2.1.1. Video formats</A></B></P>
@ -41,73 +40,73 @@ and <A HREF="encoding.html">MEncoder</A> can create these files.</P>
<P><B><A NAME=2.1.1.1>2.1.1.1. MPEG files</A></B></P> <P><B><A NAME=2.1.1.1>2.1.1.1. MPEG files</A></B></P>
<P> <P>
<LI>MPG : this is the most <B>basic</B> form of MPEG file formats. Contains <LI>MPG : This is the most <B>basic</B> form of the MPEG file formats. It contains
MPEG1 video, and MP2 (MPEG-1 layer 2) audio, or rarely MP1.</LI> MPEG1 video, and MP2 (MPEG-1 layer 2) or rarely MP1 audio.</LI>
<LI>DAT : this is the very same format as MPG, just different extension. Used <LI>DAT : This is the very same format as MPG with a different extension. It is used
on <B>Video CD</B>s. Due to the nature VCDs are created and Linux is designed, on <B>Video CD</B>s. Due to the way VCDs are created and Linux is designed,
the DAT files can't be played nor copied from VCDs. You have to use the the DAT files cannot be played nor copied from VCDs as regular files. You have
<CODE>-vcd</CODE> option to play the VideoCD.</LI> to use the <CODE>-vcd</CODE> option to play the Video CD.</LI>
<LI>VOB : this is the MPEG file format on <B>DVD</B>s. The same as MPG, plus <LI>VOB : This is the MPEG file format on <B>DVD</B>s. It is the same as MPG, plus the
capability to contain subtitles, or non-MPEG (AC3) audio. Contains encoded MPEG2 capability to contain subtitles or non-MPEG (AC3) audio. It contains encoded MPEG2
video, and usually AC3 audio, but DTS, MP2 and uncompressed LPCM are allowed too.<BR> video and usually AC3 audio, but DTS, MP2 and uncompressed LPCM are allowed, too.<BR>
<B>Read the <A HREF="cd-dvd.html#4.2">DVD section</A> !</B></LI> <B>Read the <A HREF="cd-dvd.html#4.2">DVD section</A> !</B></LI>
</P> </P>
<P>In MPEG files, series of frames are grouped together, and are independent <P>Series of frames form independent groups in MPEG files. This means that you
from the other groups. What this means is you can cut/join an MPEG file with can cut/join an MPEG file with standard file tools (like dd, cut), and it
standard file-tools (like dd, cut), and it remains completely functional.</P> remains completely functional.</P>
<P>One important feature for MPGs is that they have a field to describe <P>One important feature of MPGs is that they have a field to describe
the aspect ratio of the video stream within. For example SVCDs have the aspect ratio of the video stream within. For example SVCDs have
480x480 resolution video, and in the header that field is set to 4:3, so 480x480 resolution video, and in the header that field is set to 4:3, so that
it's played at 640x480. AVI files don't have this field, so one has to it is played at 640x480. AVI files do not have this field, so they have to be
rescale it during encoding or use option -aspect at playback.</P> rescaled during encoding or played with the <CODE>-aspect</CODE> option.</P>
<P><B><A NAME=2.1.1.2>2.1.1.2. AVI files</A></B></P> <P><B><A NAME=2.1.1.2>2.1.1.2. AVI files</A></B></P>
<P>Designed by Micro$oft, the <B>AVI (Audio Video Interleaved)</B> is a <P>Designed by Micro$oft, <B>AVI (Audio Video Interleaved)</B> is a
widespread multipurpose format, currently used mostly for DivX and DivX4 widespread multipurpose format currently used mostly for DivX and DivX4
videos. Has many known drawbacks, and inabilities (for example in streaming). video. It has many known drawbacks and shortcomings (for example in streaming).
Has support for one video stream, and 0 to 99 audio streams. Can be as big as It supports one video stream and 0 to 99 audio streams and can be as big as
2Gb. There exists an extension for it to be bigger, called <B>OpenDMS</B>. 2GB. There exists an extension allowing bigger files called <B>OpenDMS</B>.
M$ currently strongly discourages its use and propagates ASF/WMV. Not if M$ currently strongly discourages its use and encourages ASF/WMV. Not that
anybody cares.<BR> anybody cares.<BR>
<B>NOTE</B> : DV cameras can create two types of AVI format, one is the usual and <B>NOTE</B>: DV cameras can create two types of AVI formats. One is common and
playable, the other is neither.</P> playable, the other is neither.</P>
<P>There are two kinds of AVI files: <P>There are two kinds of AVI files:
<UL> <UL>
<LI><B>Interleaved</B> : audio and video content is interleaved. This is the <LI><B>Interleaved</B>: Audio and video content is interleaved. This is the
standard usage. Recommended and mostly used. Some tools create interleaved standard usage. Recommended and mostly used. Some tools create interleaved
AVIs with bad sync. <B>MPlayer</B> detects these as interleaved, and this AVIs with bad sync. <B>MPlayer</B> detects these as interleaved, and this
climaxes in loss of A/V sync, probably at seeking. These files should be climaxes in loss of A/V sync, probably at seeking. These files should be
played as non-interleaved (with the <CODE>-ni</CODE> option).</LI> played as non-interleaved (with the <CODE>-ni</CODE> option).</LI>
<LI><B>Non-interleaved</B> : bad. First come the whole video stream, then the whole <LI><B>Non-interleaved</B>: First comes the whole video stream, then the whole
audio stream, thus needs a lot of seeking. It's very bad when playing from audio stream. It thus needs a lot of seeking, making playing from network or
network or CDROM.</LI> CD-Rom difficult.</LI>
</UL> </UL>
</P> </P>
<P>MPlayer supports 2 kind of timing for AVI files: <P><B>MPlayer</B> supports two kinds of timings for AVI files:
<UL> <UL>
<LI><B>bps-based</B> : it is based on bitrate/samplerate of video/audio stream. This <LI><B>bps-based</B>: It is based on the bitrate/samplerate of the video/audio stream. This
method is used by most players, including avifile and windows media player. method is used by most players, including avifile and windows media player.
Files with broken headers, and files created with VBR audio but not Files with broken headers, and files created with VBR audio but not
VBR-compliant encoder will result in A/V desync with this method (mostly at VBR-compliant encoder will result in A/V desync with this method (mostly at
seeking).</LI> seeking).</LI>
<LI><B>interleaving-based</B> : it doesn't use bitrate value of the header, instead <LI><B>interleaving-based</B>: It does not use the bitrate value of the header, instead
it uses the relative position of interleaved audio and video chunks. Makes it uses the relative position of interleaved audio and video chunks, making
some badly encoded file with VBR audio playable.</LI> badly encoded files with VBR audio playable.</LI>
</UL> </UL>
</P> </P>
<P>Any audio and video codec is allowed, but note that VBR audio isn't well <P>Any audio and video codec is allowed, but note that VBR audio is not well
supported by most of the players. The file format makes it possible to use VBR supported by most players. The file format makes it possible to use VBR
audio, but most players expect CBR audio, thus they fail with VBR. VBR is audio, but most players expect CBR audio, thus they fail with VBR. VBR is
unusual, and Microsoft's AVI specs only describe CBR audio. I also note, that uncommon and Microsoft's AVI specs only describe CBR audio. I also noticed that
most AVI encoders/multiplexers create bad files if using VBR audio. Only 2 most AVI encoders/multiplexers create bad files when using VBR audio. There are only
exception (known by me): NaNDub and <A HREF="encoding.html">MEncoder</A>.</P> two exceptions (known to me): NaNDub and <A HREF="encoding.html">MEncoder</A>.</P>
<P><B><A NAME=2.1.1.3>2.1.1.3. ASF/WMV files</A></B></P> <P><B><A NAME=2.1.1.3>2.1.1.3. ASF/WMV files</A></B></P>
@ -115,7 +114,7 @@ exception (known by me): NaNDub and <A HREF="encoding.html">MEncoder</A>.</P>
<P>ASF (active streaming format) comes from Microsoft. They developed two <P>ASF (active streaming format) comes from Microsoft. They developed two
variants of ASF, v1.0 and v2.0. v1.0 is used by their media tools (windows variants of ASF, v1.0 and v2.0. v1.0 is used by their media tools (windows
media player and windows media encoder) and is very secret. v2.0 is published media player and windows media encoder) and is very secret. v2.0 is published
and patented :). Of course they differ, there is no compatibility at all (it's and patented :). Of course they differ, there is no compatibility at all (it is
just another legal game). <B>MPlayer</B> supports only v1.0, as nobody has ever seen just another legal game). <B>MPlayer</B> supports only v1.0, as nobody has ever seen
v2.0 files :) . Note, that .ASF files nowdays come with the extension .WMA or v2.0 files :) . Note, that .ASF files nowdays come with the extension .WMA or
.WMV.</P> .WMV.</P>
@ -123,26 +122,26 @@ v2.0 files :) . Note, that .ASF files nowdays come with the extension .WMA or
<P><B><A NAME=2.1.1.4>2.1.1.4. QuickTime/MOV files</A></B></P> <P><B><A NAME=2.1.1.4>2.1.1.4. QuickTime/MOV files</A></B></P>
<P>These are from Macintosh. Usually have extensions of .QT or .MOV . Note <P>These are from the Macintosh. They usually have a .QT or .MOV extension. Note
that since the MPEG4 Group chose QuickTime as the recommended file format that since the MPEG4 group chose QuickTime as the recommended file format
for MPEG4, their .MOV files come with .MPG or .MP4 extension (interesting for MPEG4, their .MOV files come with a .MPG or .MP4 extension (Interestingly
that in these files the video stream is a real .MPG file. With the the video and audio streams in these files are real .MPG and .AAC files. With the
<CODE>-dumpvideo</CODE> option you can even extract it.).</P> <CODE>-dumpvideo/-dumpaudio</CODE> options you can even extract them!).</P>
<P><B>Codecs</B>: any codecs allowed, both CBR and VBR. Note: most new mov files use <P><B>Codecs</B>: Any codec is allowed, both CBR and VBR. Note: most new QuickTime files use
<B>Sorenson</B> video and QDesign Music audio. These formats are completely <B>Sorensen</B> video and QDesign Music audio. These formats are completely
secret, and only Apple's quicktime player is able to play these files (on secret, and only Apple's QuickTime player is able to play these files (on
win/mac only).</P> win/mac only).</P>
<P><B><A NAME=2.1.1.5>2.1.1.5. VIV files</A></B></P> <P><B><A NAME=2.1.1.5>2.1.1.5. VIV files</A></B></P>
<P><B>MPlayer</B> happily demuxes VIVO file formats. The format's big <P><B>MPlayer</B> happily demuxes VIVO file formats. The biggest disadvantage of
disadvantage is that it has no index block, nor fixed packetsize or sync bytes, the format is that it has no index block, nor a fixed packet size or sync bytes
and most files lack even keyframes, so forget seeking!</P> and most files lack even keyframes, so forget seeking!</P>
<P>VIVO/1.0 files' video codec is standard <B>h.263</B> . The VIVO/2.0 files' <P>The video codec of VIVO/1.0 files is standard <B>h.263</B>. The video codec
video codec is a modified, nonstandard <B>h.263</B> . Audio is the same, of VIVO/2.0 files is a modified, nonstandard <B>h.263v2</B>. The audio is the same,
it may be <B>g.723</B> (standard), or <B>Vivo Siren</B>.</P> it may be <B>g.723</B> (standard), or <B>Vivo Siren</B>.</P>
<P>See the <A HREF=codecs.html#2.2.1.4>VIVO video codec</A> <P>See the <A HREF=codecs.html#2.2.1.4>VIVO video codec</A>
@ -152,10 +151,10 @@ instructions.</P>
<P><B><A NAME=2.1.1.6>2.1.1.6. FLI files</A></B></P> <P><B><A NAME=2.1.1.6>2.1.1.6. FLI files</A></B></P>
<P><B>FLI</B> is a very old fileformat used by Autodesk Animator, but it's <P><B>FLI</B> is a very old file format used by Autodesk Animator, but it is
a common fileformat for short animations on the Net. <B>MPlayer</B> demuxes a common file format for short animations on the net. <B>MPlayer</B> demuxes
and decodes FLI movies and is even able to seek within them (useful when and decodes FLI movies and is even able to seek within them (useful when
looping with the -loop option). FLI files don't have keyframes, so picture looping with the <CODE>-loop</CODE> option). FLI files do not have keyframes, so the picture
will be messy for a short time after seeking.</P> will be messy for a short time after seeking.</P>
@ -173,22 +172,22 @@ and <A HREF="codecs.html#2.2.2.5">RealAudio</A> codecs.
is a TV grabber tool (AFAIK:). <B>MPlayer</B> can read its <CODE>.nuv</CODE> is a TV grabber tool (AFAIK:). <B>MPlayer</B> can read its <CODE>.nuv</CODE>
files (only NuppelVideo 5.0). Those files can contain uncompressed YV12, files (only NuppelVideo 5.0). Those files can contain uncompressed YV12,
YV12+RTJpeg compressed, YV12 RTJpeg+lzo compressed, and YV12+lzo compressed YV12+RTJpeg compressed, YV12 RTJpeg+lzo compressed, and YV12+lzo compressed
frames, <B>MPlayer</B> decodes (and also <B>encodes</B> them with MEncoder to frames. <B>MPlayer</B> decodes (and also <B>encodes</B> them with MEncoder to
DivX/etc!) them all. Seeking is under implementation.</P> DivX/etc!) them all. Seeking is being implemented.</P>
<P><B><A NAME=2.1.1.9>2.1.1.9. yuv4mpeg files</A></B></P> <P><B><A NAME=2.1.1.9>2.1.1.9. yuv4mpeg files</A></B></P>
<P><A HREF="http://mjpeg.sourceforge.net">yuv4mpeg / yuv4mpeg2</A> is <P><A HREF="http://mjpeg.sourceforge.net">yuv4mpeg / yuv4mpeg2</A> is
a fileformat used by <A HREF="http://mjpeg.sf.net">mjpegtools programs</A>. a file format used by the <A HREF="http://mjpeg.sf.net">mjpegtools programs</A>.
You can grab, produce, filter or encode video in this format using these. You can grab, produce, filter or encode video in this format using these.
The file is really a sequence of uncompressed YUV 4:2:0 images. The file format is really a sequence of uncompressed YUV 4:2:0 images.
</P> </P>
<P><B><A NAME=2.1.1.10>2.1.1.10. FILM files</A></B></P> <P><B><A NAME=2.1.1.10>2.1.1.10. FILM files</A></B></P>
<P>This format is used on old Sega Saturn CD-ROM games.</P> <P>This format is used on old Sega Saturn CD-Rom games.</P>
<P><B><A NAME=2.1.1.11>2.1.1.11. RoQ files</A></B></P> <P><B><A NAME=2.1.1.11>2.1.1.11. RoQ files</A></B></P>
@ -199,10 +198,17 @@ The file is really a sequence of uncompressed YUV 4:2:0 images.
<P><B><A NAME=2.1.2>2.1.2. Audio formats</A></B></P> <P><B><A NAME=2.1.2>2.1.2. Audio formats</A></B></P>
<P>Currently <B>MPlayer</B> is still a <B>Movie</B> and not a <B>Media</B> <P><B>MPlayer</B> used to be a <B>Movie</B> and not a <B>Media</B> player.
player, thus the pure audio formats (for example MP3, WAV, audio ASF) are This is slowly changing and MP3, OGG VORBIS, WMA, MP4 and WAV are currently
unplayable. Use <A HREF="http://www.xmms.org">xmms</A>, <A HREF="http://www.mpg123.de">mpg123</A> supported. Nevertheless the main focus is still video, so you may prefer to
or whatever.</P> use alternatives like <A HREF="http://www.xmms.org">xmms</A> or
<A HREF="http://www.mpg123.de">mpg123</A> instead.</P>
<P>You may have problems playing certain MP3 files that <B>MPlayer</B> will
misdetect as mpegs and play incorrectly or not at all. This cannot be fixed
without dropping support for certain broken mpeg files and thus will remain
like this for the foreseeable future. The <CODE>-demuxer</CODE> flag described
in the manpage may help you in these cases.</P>
</BODY> </BODY>
</HTML> </HTML>