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doc: describe OS install and hostname configuration
This commit is contained in:
Thomas Schoebel-Theuer
parent
5dde37ab1e
commit
fdf1ce77a6
@ -2668,6 +2668,390 @@ In the following sections, we assume that two RAID sets are already built,
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.
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Section
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Setup / Install OS
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\begin_inset CommandInset label
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LatexCommand label
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name "sec:Setup-OS"
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\end_inset
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
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Installing a Linux distribution is outside the scope of this manual.
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There are dozens of methods, each of them working differently in detail.
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Here are only some rough hints for avoidance of problems with MARS:
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Itemize
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Hostnames need to be entered into typical installers, e.g.
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as used by major Linux distros.
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In case you have selected a bad name, you can typically change it later,
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e.g.
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via your favourite tool like
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\family typewriter
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yast
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\family default
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or
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\family typewriter
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zypper
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\family default
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or
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\family typewriter
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yum
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\family default
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or the equivalent Debian / Ubuntu tools, and os on, or manally like
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\family typewriter
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vi /etc/hostname
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\family default
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followed by reboot, or similar.
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However, do this only
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\emph on
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before
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\emph default
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MARS is configured.
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Here are some
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\series bold
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pitfalls you should know
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\series default
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:
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\end_layout
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\begin_deeper
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\begin_layout Enumerate
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\noindent
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\begin_inset Graphics
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filename images/MatieresCorrosives.png
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lyxscale 50
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scale 17
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\end_inset
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As is best practice since decades: only use
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\emph on
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plain
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\emph default
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hostnames, separated from domain names.
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This means: the shell command
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\family typewriter
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hostname
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\family default
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should deliver exactly 1 word, without any dot.
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Only use this name in later marsadm commands.
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Enumerate
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\noindent
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\begin_inset Graphics
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filename images/lightbulb_brightlit_benj_.png
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lyxscale 9
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scale 5
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\end_inset
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Of course, you may also set a domain name as is typically reported by the
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shell command
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\family typewriter
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domainname
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\family default
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.
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\emph on
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Never
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\emph default
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use domain names in later
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\family typewriter
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marsadm
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\family default
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commands! This will pay off, because then you can easily change the domainname(
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s) later, e.g.
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when your machine is expedited to a different location (like moves of whole
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datacenters), or you may configure
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\emph on
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multiple
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\emph default
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domainnames under certain circumstances.
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Only the
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\emph on
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hostname
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\emph default
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has to be treated as an
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\series bold
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immutable ID of your machine
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\series default
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.
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Other hardware or software configurations like MAC addresses or IP addresses
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or DNS zones etc will be typically reconfigurable (when done properly).
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Enumerate
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\noindent
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\begin_inset Graphics
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filename images/lightbulb_brightlit_benj_.png
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lyxscale 9
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scale 5
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\end_inset
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Best practice: start your immutable hostname with a lowercase letter from
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\family typewriter
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a
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\family default
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to
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\family typewriter
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z
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\family default
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, and avoid uppercase letters completely.
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Avoid non-English letters from other languages.
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Avoid utf-8 etc.
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You may include some numbers, and the
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\family typewriter
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marsadm
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\family default
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tool will later automatically sort these parts numerically, even when the
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number of digits is varying.
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Do not use the underscore symbol
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\family typewriter
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_
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\family default
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but simply replace it with an
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\emph on
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infix
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\emph default
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dash.
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Enumerate
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\noindent
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\begin_inset Graphics
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filename images/lightbulb_brightlit_benj_.png
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lyxscale 9
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scale 5
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\end_inset
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Hint: use
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\emph on
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short
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\emph default
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but
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\emph on
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recognizable
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\emph default
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hostnames according to the Unix Philosophy.
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You will likely type these names very often in the following years! In
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a huge company, prefer a
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\emph on
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systematic
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\emph default
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naming + numbering scheme which is easy usable by a bigger sysadmin team.
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Enumerate
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\noindent
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\begin_inset Graphics
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filename images/lightbulb_brightlit_benj_.png
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lyxscale 9
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scale 5
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\end_inset
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Hint: for long-distance replication, you should encode the
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\emph on
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datacenter name
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\emph default
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resp the
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\emph on
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datacenter region
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\emph default
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(or similar) with 2 or 3 lowercase letters.
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This makes it
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\series bold
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less risky
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\series default
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for humans during midnight incidents to get caught by
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\series bold
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typos
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\series default
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!
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\begin_inset Newline newline
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\end_inset
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Example: pair the hostname
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\family typewriter
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cpu-wc1234
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\family default
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with
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\family typewriter
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cpu-me1234
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\family default
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where cpu denotes the machine class,
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\family typewriter
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wc
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\family default
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means the
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\begin_inset Quotes eld
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\end_inset
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west coast
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\begin_inset Quotes erd
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\end_inset
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datacenter while
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\family typewriter
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me
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\family default
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means the
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\begin_inset Quotes eld
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\end_inset
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middle east
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\begin_inset Quotes erd
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\end_inset
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datacenter, and 1234 is the
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\emph on
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cluster
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\emph default
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number, not a sequential machine number.
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Thus you don't need to lookup partner machine names or numbers from some
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database, even when you just woke up from your sleep at midnight.
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Enumerate
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\noindent
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\begin_inset Graphics
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filename images/MatieresCorrosives.png
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lyxscale 50
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scale 17
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\end_inset
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Avoid some silly hostnames like
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\family typewriter
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none
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\family default
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/
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\family typewriter
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all
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\family default
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/
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\family typewriter
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any
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\family default
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/
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\family typewriter
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local
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\family default
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/
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\family typewriter
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localhost
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\family default
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which are reserved specifiers for
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\family typewriter
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marsadm
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\family default
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.
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When unsure, consult
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\family typewriter
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marsadm --help
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\family default
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.
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Enumerate
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\noindent
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\begin_inset Graphics
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filename images/MatieresToxiques.png
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lyxscale 50
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scale 17
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\end_inset
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\begin_inset Graphics
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filename images/MatieresToxiques.png
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lyxscale 50
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scale 17
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\end_inset
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\begin_inset Graphics
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filename images/MatieresToxiques.png
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lyxscale 50
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scale 17
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\end_inset
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NEVER EVER modify the hostname
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\emph on
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after
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\emph default
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MARS is already installed, or is even already running!
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Enumerate
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\noindent
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\begin_inset Graphics
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filename images/lightbulb_brightlit_benj_.png
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lyxscale 9
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scale 5
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\end_inset
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If you
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\emph on
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really
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\emph default
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need to change the hostname, first stop all your applications, then decommissio
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n MARS via
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\family typewriter
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marsadm leave-resource
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\family default
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and
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\family typewriter
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marsadm leave-cluster
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\family default
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commands (see later descriptions), and unload the MARS kernel module via
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\family typewriter
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rmmod mars
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\family default
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.
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After decommisioning and deconfiguration of the stack parts
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\emph on
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above
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\emph default
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of
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\family typewriter
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/dev/lv/mydata
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\family default
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(see the following sections), you can change the hostname, and finally
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you can re-configure the formerly deconfigured parts under the new hostname,
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as described in the following sections.
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\end_layout
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||||
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\begin_layout Enumerate
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\noindent
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\begin_inset Graphics
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filename images/lightbulb_brightlit_benj_.png
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lyxscale 9
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scale 5
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\end_inset
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Hint: by not decommissionig your disks
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\family typewriter
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/dev/lv/mydata
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\family default
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, you can keep your valuable data.
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\end_layout
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\end_deeper
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\begin_layout Subsection
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Setup LVM
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\begin_inset CommandInset label
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@ -2689,7 +3073,11 @@ name "subsec:Setup-LVM"
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\end_inset
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Execute the following instructions only once after bare metal hardware
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deployment, or if you want to re-install your server.
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deployment, or if you want to
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\emph on
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fully
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\emph default
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re-install your server.
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Otherwise, you may delete existing data.
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\end_layout
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||||
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