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# Getting help about Emacs
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Emacs is a very big software and you'll surely will need help about
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it. There are some ways to get help on Emacs.
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## Self documenting text editor
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Emacs claims to be a *self-documenting* text editor. And it's true:
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Emacs has a lot of built-in documentation. For example. If you don't
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know what the C-r keybindings do, you can do this:
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C-h k C-r_
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Emacs will split and will show what the keybindings you gave does.
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Emacs has a built-in tutorial. You can access to it by pressing C-h t.
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## Getting help from another users
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You can talk to other Emacs users and ask them for help on some sites:
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* [Emacs stack exchange](https://emacs.stackexchange.com/)
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* [The help-gnu-emacs mailing list](https://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/help-gnu-emacs/)
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* #emacs on freenode
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## Tips about emacs
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There's a [twitter account](https://twitter.com/iLemming) which post
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tips about Spacemacs and Emacs. The account's owner also posts useful
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packages you can install in Emacs.
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@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ love it more than "comfortable" Vim key bindings.
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If moving character by character is too slow, you can try using the
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M-f and M-b to move word by word. M-p and M-n don't do anything. So
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don't try it.
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## Moving even faster
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Sometimes you just have to go to the end or beginning of the
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# Editing files on Emacs
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Emacs is a text editor. So its main function is to edit text. You can
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open a file with C-x C-f ```(find-file)``` and type the name of the
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file you want to open, for example:
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C-x C-f myfile
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That will create a buffer[^1] which your file's contents.
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There is another ways to visit a file in Emacs. for example:
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C-x C-r `(file-find-read-only)`: This will open a file but won't allow
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you to make changes on it.
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C-x 4 f `(find-file-other-window)`: This splits your Emacs window
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vertically and puts the selected file you gave on the buffer bellow
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C-x 5 f `(find-file-other-frame)`: This opens another Emacs window[^2]
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and puts the selected file on a new buffer.
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# Opening remote files
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Emacs comes with TRAMP which can be used to open remote files. To open
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a remote file. Press C-x C-f ```(find-file)``` and follow this syntax:
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~~~
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/method:host:filename
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/method:user@host:filename
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/method:user@host#port:filename
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~~~
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If you don't gave a method (put - as method) Emacs do the following:
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1. If `host` starts with ftp, Emacs will use ftp
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2. If `user` is "*ftp*" or "*anonymous*" Emacs will use ftp.
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3. If the variable `tramp-default-method` is ftp, Emacs will use ftp.
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4. If ssh-agent is running, Emacs will use ftp.
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5. Otherwise, Emacs will use ssh.
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Try opening this remote file: `ftp://test.rebex.net/readme.txt`
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To do this, press C-x C-f ```(find-file)``` and type this
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/ftp:demo@test.rebex.net:/readme.txt
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Emacs will ask for a password. This password is `password`
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This is a read only ftp server, but if it allowed write, you could
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write the remote file with C-x C-s `(save-buffer)`
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## Writing text
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To add text to a buffer, you just type what you want to add on the
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buffer, unlike Vi/Vim Emacs do not have an "INSERT" mode.
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When you finish typing and want to save what you have done press C-x C-s `(save-buffer)`
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## Reverting edits on Emacs
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Emacs, like every other text editor, allows to undo what you've done.
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If you have done massive changes to a file and want to revert it, type
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`M-x revert-buffer` Emacs will ask confirmation. Since this reverts to
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the saved version of the buffer. If you saved the file after some
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changes, this method will not work. You can undo your last change to
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the file with some shorcuts: C-x u, C-/ and C-_ `(undo)`
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[^1]: A buffer is where the text resides on your Emacs window,
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everything in Emacs is a buffer. In other words, a buffer holds
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your text file.
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[^2]: This is not a new Emacs run, it is called a "frame" These
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two emacs window shares the opened buffers.
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@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
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Emacs (short for Editor MACroS) is a text editor[^1] made by some
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weird guy in the late 70s, and had too many implementations, such as
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Xemacs, Freemacs, µEmacs (microemacs). in 1984 (lmao), the GNU project ~~stole~~
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XEmacs, Freemacs, µEmacs (microemacs). in 1984 (lmao), the GNU project ~~stole~~
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rewrote the original Emacs code and the most used version of Emacs was
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born: GNU Emacs.
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@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ born: GNU Emacs.
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Windows users: <https://ftp.rediris.es/mirror/GNU/emacs/windows/> (Or their nearly GNU mirror)
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Mac Users: brew install emacs, I guess.
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Mac Users: brew install Emacs, I guess.
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GNU/Linux users: probably the "emacs" package on your distro's repos
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@ -20,8 +20,8 @@ Plan 9 users: What are you doing here?
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# Other versions of Emacs
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As mencioned above, there are other versions of emacs, most of them
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are obsolete (Xemacs for example). µEmacs is the emacs version used
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As mentioned above, there are other versions of emacs, most of them
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are obsolete (XEmacs for example). µEmacs is the emacs version used
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by Linus Torvalds[^2] I do not recommend to use it. If you want to use
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a mini Emacs, you should try [Zile](https://gnu.org/software/zile) or
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[Jed](http://www.jedsoft.org/jed/). Zile is stupidly minimum while Jed
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You can find more about Emacs on the sidebar.
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# Information about Emacs
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In Emacs, everything is an Emacs Lisp function, each keybinding, every
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M-x function is written in Emacs Lisp, Emacs Lisp is a complete
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programming language. So that's why you can see browsers inside Emacs.
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In this book, I'll write the name of the function in front of a
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keybinding. Because they're pretty self explanatory
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**Highly work in progress, please [contribute](https://gitlab.com/qorg11/kill9)**
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[^1]: Some people call it a "operating system", but I prefer to call it a Emacs Lisp interpreter.
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