BUG/MAJOR: h2: make header field name filtering stronger

Tim D�sterhus found that the amount of sanitization we perform on HTTP
header field names received in H2 is insufficient. Currently we reject
upper case letters as mandated by RFC7540#8.1.2, but section 10.3 also
requires that intermediaries translating streams to HTTP/1 further
refine the filtering to also reject invalid names (which means any name
that doesn't match a token). There is a small trick here which is that
the colon character used to start pseudo-header names doesn't match a
token, so pseudo-header names fall into that category, thus we have to
swap the pseudo-header name lookup with this check so that we only check
from the second character (past the ':') in case of pseudo-header names.

Another possibility could have been to perform this check only in the
HTX-to-H1 trancoder but doing would still expose the configured rules
and logs to such header names.

This fix must be backported as far as 1.8 since this bug could be
exploited and serve as the base for an attack. In 2.0 and earlier,
functions h2_make_h1_request() and h2_make_h1_trailers() must also
be adapted to sanitize requests coming in legacy mode.

src/h2.c

@@ -337,12 +337,17 @@ int h2_make_htx_request(struct http_hdr *list, struct htx *htx, unsigned int *ms
 		}
 		else {
 			/* this can be any type of header */
-			/* RFC7540#8.1.2: upper case not allowed in header field names */
-			for (i = 0; i < list[idx].n.len; i++)
-				if ((uint8_t)(list[idx].n.ptr[i] - 'A') < 'Z' - 'A')
-					goto fail;
-
+			/* RFC7540#8.1.2: upper case not allowed in header field names.
+			 * #10.3: header names must be valid (i.e. match a token).
+			 * For pseudo-headers we check from 2nd char and for other ones
+			 * from the first char, because HTTP_IS_TOKEN() also excludes
+			 * the colon.
+			 */
 			phdr = h2_str_to_phdr(list[idx].n);
+
+			for (i = !!phdr; i < list[idx].n.len; i++)
+				if ((uint8_t)(list[idx].n.ptr[i] - 'A') < 'Z' - 'A' || !HTTP_IS_TOKEN(list[idx].n.ptr[i]))
+					goto fail;
 		}
 
 		/* RFC7540#10.3: intermediaries forwarding to HTTP/1 must take care of
@@ -588,12 +593,17 @@ int h2_make_htx_response(struct http_hdr *list, struct htx *htx, unsigned int *m
 		}
 		else {
 			/* this can be any type of header */
-			/* RFC7540#8.1.2: upper case not allowed in header field names */
-			for (i = 0; i < list[idx].n.len; i++)
-				if ((uint8_t)(list[idx].n.ptr[i] - 'A') < 'Z' - 'A')
-					goto fail;
-
+			/* RFC7540#8.1.2: upper case not allowed in header field names.
+			 * #10.3: header names must be valid (i.e. match a token).
+			 * For pseudo-headers we check from 2nd char and for other ones
+			 * from the first char, because HTTP_IS_TOKEN() also excludes
+			 * the colon.
+			 */
 			phdr = h2_str_to_phdr(list[idx].n);
+
+			for (i = !!phdr; i < list[idx].n.len; i++)
+				if ((uint8_t)(list[idx].n.ptr[i] - 'A') < 'Z' - 'A' || !HTTP_IS_TOKEN(list[idx].n.ptr[i]))
+					goto fail;
 		}
 
 		/* RFC7540#10.3: intermediaries forwarding to HTTP/1 must take care of
@@ -718,16 +728,14 @@ int h2_make_htx_trailers(struct http_hdr *list, struct htx *htx)
 			goto fail;
 		}
 
-		/* RFC7540#8.1.2: upper case not allowed in header field names */
+		/* RFC7540#8.1.2: upper case not allowed in header field names.
+		 * #10.3: header names must be valid (i.e. match a token). This
+		 * also catches pseudo-headers which are forbidden in trailers.
+		 */
 		for (i = 0; i < list[idx].n.len; i++)
-			if ((uint8_t)(list[idx].n.ptr[i] - 'A') < 'Z' - 'A')
+			if ((uint8_t)(list[idx].n.ptr[i] - 'A') < 'Z' - 'A' || !HTTP_IS_TOKEN(list[idx].n.ptr[i]))
 				goto fail;
 
-		if (h2_str_to_phdr(list[idx].n) != 0) {
-			/* This is a pseudo-header (RFC7540#8.1.2.1) */
-			goto fail;
-		}
-
 		/* these ones are forbidden in trailers (RFC7540#8.1.2.2) */
 		if (isteq(list[idx].n, ist("host")) ||
 		    isteq(list[idx].n, ist("content-length")) ||