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issue-503: recover original INSTALL file 

That was accidently overwritten by autotools files update in r196



git-svn-id: http://gperftools.googlecode.com/svn/trunk@199 6b5cf1ce-ec42-a296-1ba9-69fdba395a50
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alkondratenko@gmail.com 2013-03-11 18:29:00 +00:00
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381
INSTALL
View File

@ -1,16 +1,324 @@
Installation Instructions
*************************
Copyright 1994, 1995, 1996, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002 Free Software
Foundation, Inc.
Copyright (C) 1994, 1995, 1996, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2004, 2005 Free
Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is free documentation; the Free Software Foundation gives
This file is free documentation; the Free Software Foundation gives
unlimited permission to copy, distribute and modify it.
Perftools-Specific Install Notes
================================
*** NOTE FOR 64-BIT LINUX SYSTEMS
The glibc built-in stack-unwinder on 64-bit systems has some problems
with the perftools libraries. (In particular, the cpu/heap profiler
may be in the middle of malloc, holding some malloc-related locks when
they invoke the stack unwinder. The built-in stack unwinder may call
malloc recursively, which may require the thread to acquire a lock it
already holds: deadlock.)
For that reason, if you use a 64-bit system, we strongly recommend you
install libunwind before trying to configure or install gperftools.
libunwind can be found at
http://download.savannah.gnu.org/releases/libunwind/libunwind-0.99-beta.tar.gz
Even if you already have libunwind installed, you should check the
version. Versions older than this will not work properly; too-new
versions introduce new code that does not work well with perftools
(because libunwind can call malloc, which will lead to deadlock).
There have been reports of crashes with libunwind 0.99 (see
http://code.google.com/p/gperftools/issues/detail?id=374).
Alternately, you can use a more recent libunwind (e.g. 1.0.1) at the
cost of adding a bit of boilerplate to your code. For details, see
http://groups.google.com/group/google-perftools/msg/2686d9f24ac4365f
CAUTION: if you install libunwind from the url above, be aware that
you may have trouble if you try to statically link your binary with
perftools: that is, if you link with 'gcc -static -lgcc_eh ...'.
This is because both libunwind and libgcc implement the same C++
exception handling APIs, but they implement them differently on
some platforms. This is not likely to be a problem on ia64, but
may be on x86-64.
Also, if you link binaries statically, make sure that you add
-Wl,--eh-frame-hdr to your linker options. This is required so that
libunwind can find the information generated by the compiler
required for stack unwinding.
Using -static is rare, though, so unless you know this will affect
you it probably won't.
If you cannot or do not wish to install libunwind, you can still try
to use the built-in stack unwinder. The built-in stack unwinder
requires that your application, the tcmalloc library, and system
libraries like libc, all be compiled with a frame pointer. This is
*not* the default for x86-64.
If you are on x86-64 system, know that you have a set of system
libraries with frame-pointers enabled, and compile all your
applications with -fno-omit-frame-pointer, then you can enable the
built-in perftools stack unwinder by passing the
--enable-frame-pointers flag to configure.
Even with the use of libunwind, there are still known problems with
stack unwinding on 64-bit systems, particularly x86-64. See the
"64-BIT ISSUES" section in README.
If you encounter problems, try compiling perftools with './configure
--enable-frame-pointers'. Note you will need to compile your
application with frame pointers (via 'gcc -fno-omit-frame-pointer
...') in this case.
*** TCMALLOC LARGE PAGES: TRADING TIME FOR SPACE
You can set a compiler directive that makes tcmalloc faster, at the
cost of using more space (due to internal fragmentation).
Internally, tcmalloc divides its memory into "pages." The default
page size is chosen to minimize memory use by reducing fragmentation.
The cost is that keeping track of these pages can cost tcmalloc time.
We've added a new, experimental flag to tcmalloc that enables a larger
page size. In general, this will increase the memory needs of
applications using tcmalloc. However, in many cases it will speed up
the applications as well, particularly if they allocate and free a lot
of memory. We've seen average speedups of 3-5% on Google
applications.
This feature is still very experimental; it's not even a configure
flag yet. To build libtcmalloc with large pages, run
./configure <normal flags> CXXFLAGS=-DTCMALLOC_LARGE_PAGES
(or add -DTCMALLOC_LARGE_PAGES to your existing CXXFLAGS argument).
*** SMALL TCMALLOC CACHES: TRADING SPACE FOR TIME
You can set a compiler directive that makes tcmalloc use less memory
for overhead, at the cost of some time.
Internally, tcmalloc keeps information about some of its internal data
structures in a cache. This speeds memory operations that need to
access this internal data. We've added a new, experimental flag to
tcmalloc that reduces the size of this cache, decresaing the memory
needs of applications using tcmalloc.
This feature is still very experimental; it's not even a configure
flag yet. To build libtcmalloc with smaller internal caches, run
./configure <normal flags> CXXFLAGS=-DTCMALLOC_SMALL_BUT_SLOW
(or add -DTCMALLOC_SMALL_BUT_SLOW to your existing CXXFLAGS argument).
*** NOTE FOR ___tls_get_addr ERROR
When compiling perftools on some old systems, like RedHat 8, you may
get an error like this:
___tls_get_addr: symbol not found
This means that you have a system where some parts are updated enough
to support Thread Local Storage, but others are not. The perftools
configure script can't always detect this kind of case, leading to
that error. To fix it, just comment out the line
#define HAVE_TLS 1
in your config.h file before building.
*** TCMALLOC AND DLOPEN
To improve performance, we use the "initial exec" model of Thread
Local Storage in tcmalloc. The price for this is the library will not
work correctly if it is loaded via dlopen(). This should not be a
problem, since loading a malloc-replacement library via dlopen is
asking for trouble in any case: some data will be allocated with one
malloc, some with another. If, for some reason, you *do* need to use
dlopen on tcmalloc, the easiest way is to use a version of tcmalloc
with TLS turned off; see the ___tls_get_addr note above.
*** COMPILING ON NON-LINUX SYSTEMS
Perftools has been tested on the following systems:
FreeBSD 6.0 (x86)
FreeBSD 8.1 (x86_64)
Linux CentOS 5.5 (x86_64)
Linux Debian 4.0 (PPC)
Linux Debian 5.0 (x86)
Linux Fedora Core 3 (x86)
Linux Fedora Core 4 (x86)
Linux Fedora Core 5 (x86)
Linux Fedora Core 6 (x86)
Linux Fedora Core 13 (x86_64)
Linux Fedora Core 14 (x86_64)
Linux RedHat 9 (x86)
Linux Slackware 13 (x86_64)
Linux Ubuntu 6.06.1 (x86)
Linux Ubuntu 6.06.1 (x86_64)
Linux Ubuntu 10.04 (x86)
Linux Ubuntu 10.10 (x86_64)
Mac OS X 10.3.9 (Panther) (PowerPC)
Mac OS X 10.4.8 (Tiger) (PowerPC)
Mac OS X 10.4.8 (Tiger) (x86)
Mac OS X 10.5 (Leopard) (x86)
Mac OS X 10.6 (Snow Leopard) (x86)
Solaris 10 (x86_64)
Windows XP, Visual Studio 2003 (VC++ 7.1) (x86)
Windows XP, Visual Studio 2005 (VC++ 8) (x86)
Windows XP, Visual Studio 2005 (VC++ 9) (x86)
Windows XP, Visual Studio 2005 (VC++ 10) (x86)
Windows XP, MinGW 5.1.3 (x86)
Windows XP, Cygwin 5.1 (x86)
It works in its full generality on the Linux systems
tested (though see 64-bit notes above). Portions of perftools work on
the other systems. The basic memory-allocation library,
tcmalloc_minimal, works on all systems. The cpu-profiler also works
fairly widely. However, the heap-profiler and heap-checker are not
yet as widely supported. In general, the 'configure' script will
detect what OS you are building for, and only build the components
that work on that OS.
Note that tcmalloc_minimal is perfectly usable as a malloc/new
replacement, so it is possible to use tcmalloc on all the systems
above, by linking in libtcmalloc_minimal.
** FreeBSD:
The following binaries build and run successfully (creating
libtcmalloc_minimal.so and libprofile.so in the process):
% ./configure
% make tcmalloc_minimal_unittest tcmalloc_minimal_large_unittest \
addressmap_unittest atomicops_unittest frag_unittest \
low_level_alloc_unittest markidle_unittest memalign_unittest \
packed_cache_test stacktrace_unittest system_alloc_unittest \
thread_dealloc_unittest profiler_unittest.sh
% ./tcmalloc_minimal_unittest # to run this test
% [etc] # to run other tests
Three caveats: first, frag_unittest tries to allocate 400M of memory,
and if you have less virtual memory on your system, the test may
fail with a bad_alloc exception.
Second, profiler_unittest.sh sometimes fails in the "fork" test.
This is because stray SIGPROF signals from the parent process are
making their way into the child process. (This may be a kernel
bug that only exists in older kernels.) The profiling code itself
is working fine. This only affects programs that call fork(); for
most programs, the cpu profiler is entirely safe to use.
Third, perftools depends on /proc to get shared library
information. If you are running a FreeBSD system without proc,
perftools will not be able to map addresses to functions. Some
unittests will fail as a result.
Finally, the new test introduced in perftools-1.2,
profile_handler_unittest, fails on FreeBSD. It has something to do
with how the itimer works. The cpu profiler test passes, so I
believe the functionality is correct and the issue is with the test
somehow. If anybody is an expert on itimers and SIGPROF in
FreeBSD, and would like to debug this, I'd be glad to hear the
results!
libtcmalloc.so successfully builds, and the "advanced" tcmalloc
functionality all works except for the leak-checker, which has
Linux-specific code:
% make heap-profiler_unittest.sh maybe_threads_unittest.sh \
tcmalloc_unittest tcmalloc_both_unittest \
tcmalloc_large_unittest # THESE WORK
% make -k heap-checker_unittest.sh \
heap-checker-death_unittest.sh # THESE DO NOT
Note that unless you specify --enable-heap-checker explicitly,
'make' will not build the heap-checker unittests on a FreeBSD
system.
I have not tested other *BSD systems, but they are probably similar.
** Mac OS X:
I've tested OS X 10.5 [Leopard], OS X 10.4 [Tiger] and OS X 10.3
[Panther] on both intel (x86) and PowerPC systems. For Panther
systems, perftools does not work at all: it depends on a header
file, OSAtomic.h, which is new in 10.4. (It's possible to get the
code working for Panther/i386 without too much work; if you're
interested in exploring this, drop an e-mail.)
For the other seven systems, the binaries and libraries that
successfully build are exactly the same as for FreeBSD. See that
section for a list of binaries and instructions on building them.
In addition, it appears OS X regularly fails profiler_unittest.sh
in the "thread" test (in addition to occassionally failing in the
"fork" test). It looks like OS X often delivers the profiling
signal to the main thread, even when it's sleeping, rather than
spawned threads that are doing actual work. If anyone knows
details of how OS X handles SIGPROF (via setitimer()) events with
threads, and has insight into this problem, please send mail to
google-perftools@googlegroups.com.
** Solaris 10 x86:
I've only tested using the GNU C++ compiler, not the Sun C++
compiler. Using g++ requires setting the PATH appropriately when
configuring.
% PATH=${PATH}:/usr/sfw/bin/:/usr/ccs/bin ./configure
% PATH=${PATH}:/usr/sfw/bin/:/usr/ccs/bin make [...]
Again, the binaries and libraries that successfully build are
exactly the same as for FreeBSD. (However, while libprofiler.so can
be used to generate profiles, pprof is not very successful at
reading them -- necessary helper programs like nm don't seem
to be installed by default on Solaris, or perhaps are only
installed as part of the Sun C++ compiler package.) See that
section for a list of binaries, and instructions on building them.
** Windows (MSVC, Cygwin, and MinGW):
Work on Windows is rather preliminary: we haven't found a good way
to get stack traces in release mode on windows (that is, when FPO
is enabled), so the heap profiling may not be reliable in that
case. Also, heap-checking and CPU profiling do not yet work at
all. But as in other ports, the basic tcmalloc library
functionality, overriding malloc and new and such (and even
windows-specific functions like _aligned_malloc!), is working fine,
at least with VC++ 7.1 (Visual Studio 2003) through VC++ 10.0,
in both debug and release modes. See README.windows for
instructions on how to install on Windows using Visual Studio.
Cygwin can compile some but not all of perftools. Furthermore,
there is a problem with exception-unwinding in cygwin (it can call
malloc, which can call the exception-unwinding-setup code, which
can lead to an infinite loop). I've comitted a workaround to the
exception unwinding problem, but it only works in debug mode and
when statically linking in tcmalloc. I hope to have a more proper
fix in a later release. To configure under cygwin, run
./configure --disable-shared CXXFLAGS=-g && make
Most of cygwin will compile (cygwin doesn't allow weak symbols, so
the heap-checker and a few other pieces of functionality will not
compile). 'make' will compile those libraries and tests that can
be compiled. You can run 'make check' to make sure the basic
functionality is working. I've heard reports that some versions of
cygwin fail calls to pthread_join() with EINVAL, causing several
tests to fail. If you have any insight into this, please mail
google-perftools@googlegroups.com.
This Windows functionality is also available using MinGW and Msys,
In this case, you can use the regular './configure && make'
process. 'make install' should also work. The Makefile will limit
itself to those libraries and binaries that work on windows.
Basic Installation
==================
These are generic installation instructions.
These are generic installation instructions.
The `configure' shell script attempts to guess correct values for
various system-dependent variables used during compilation. It uses
@ -70,9 +378,9 @@ The simplest way to compile this package is:
Compilers and Options
=====================
Some systems require unusual options for compilation or linking that the
`configure' script does not know about. Run `./configure --help' for
details on some of the pertinent environment variables.
Some systems require unusual options for compilation or linking that
the `configure' script does not know about. Run `./configure --help'
for details on some of the pertinent environment variables.
You can give `configure' initial values for configuration parameters
by setting variables in the command line or in the environment. Here
@ -85,7 +393,7 @@ is an example:
Compiling For Multiple Architectures
====================================
You can compile the package for more than one kind of computer at the
You can compile the package for more than one kind of computer at the
same time, by placing the object files for each architecture in their
own directory. To do this, you must use a version of `make' that
supports the `VPATH' variable, such as GNU `make'. `cd' to the
@ -102,19 +410,19 @@ for another architecture.
Installation Names
==================
By default, `make install' installs the package's commands under
`/usr/local/bin', include files under `/usr/local/include', etc. You
can specify an installation prefix other than `/usr/local' by giving
`configure' the option `--prefix=PREFIX'.
By default, `make install' will install the package's files in
`/usr/local/bin', `/usr/local/man', etc. You can specify an
installation prefix other than `/usr/local' by giving `configure' the
option `--prefix=PATH'.
You can specify separate installation prefixes for
architecture-specific files and architecture-independent files. If you
pass the option `--exec-prefix=PREFIX' to `configure', the package uses
PREFIX as the prefix for installing programs and libraries.
Documentation and other data files still use the regular prefix.
give `configure' the option `--exec-prefix=PATH', the package will use
PATH as the prefix for installing programs and libraries.
Documentation and other data files will still use the regular prefix.
In addition, if you use an unusual directory layout you can give
options like `--bindir=DIR' to specify different values for particular
options like `--bindir=PATH' to specify different values for particular
kinds of files. Run `configure --help' for a list of the directories
you can set and what kinds of files go in them.
@ -125,7 +433,7 @@ option `--program-prefix=PREFIX' or `--program-suffix=SUFFIX'.
Optional Features
=================
Some packages pay attention to `--enable-FEATURE' options to
Some packages pay attention to `--enable-FEATURE' options to
`configure', where FEATURE indicates an optional part of the package.
They may also pay attention to `--with-PACKAGE' options, where PACKAGE
is something like `gnu-as' or `x' (for the X Window System). The
@ -140,11 +448,11 @@ you can use the `configure' options `--x-includes=DIR' and
Specifying the System Type
==========================
There may be some features `configure' cannot figure out automatically,
but needs to determine by the type of machine the package will run on.
Usually, assuming the package is built to be run on the _same_
architectures, `configure' can figure that out, but if it prints a
message saying it cannot guess the machine type, give it the
There may be some features `configure' cannot figure out
automatically, but needs to determine by the type of machine the package
will run on. Usually, assuming the package is built to be run on the
_same_ architectures, `configure' can figure that out, but if it prints
a message saying it cannot guess the machine type, give it the
`--build=TYPE' option. TYPE can either be a short name for the system
type, such as `sun4', or a canonical name which has the form:
@ -159,7 +467,7 @@ where SYSTEM can have one of these forms:
need to know the machine type.
If you are _building_ compiler tools for cross-compiling, you should
use the option `--target=TYPE' to select the type of system they will
use the `--target=TYPE' option to select the type of system they will
produce code for.
If you want to _use_ a cross compiler, that generates code for a
@ -170,9 +478,9 @@ eventually be run) with `--host=TYPE'.
Sharing Defaults
================
If you want to set default values for `configure' scripts to share, you
can create a site shell script called `config.site' that gives default
values for variables like `CC', `cache_file', and `prefix'.
If you want to set default values for `configure' scripts to share,
you can create a site shell script called `config.site' that gives
default values for variables like `CC', `cache_file', and `prefix'.
`configure' looks for `PREFIX/share/config.site' if it exists, then
`PREFIX/etc/config.site' if it exists. Or, you can set the
`CONFIG_SITE' environment variable to the location of the site script.
@ -181,7 +489,7 @@ A warning: not all `configure' scripts look for a site script.
Defining Variables
==================
Variables not defined in a site shell script can be set in the
Variables not defined in a site shell script can be set in the
environment passed to `configure'. However, some packages may run
configure again during the build, and the customized values of these
variables may be lost. In order to avoid this problem, you should set
@ -189,18 +497,14 @@ them in the `configure' command line, using `VAR=value'. For example:
./configure CC=/usr/local2/bin/gcc
causes the specified `gcc' to be used as the C compiler (unless it is
overridden in the site shell script). Here is a another example:
/bin/bash ./configure CONFIG_SHELL=/bin/bash
Here the `CONFIG_SHELL=/bin/bash' operand causes subsequent
configuration-related scripts to be executed by `/bin/bash'.
will cause the specified gcc to be used as the C compiler (unless it is
overridden in the site shell script).
`configure' Invocation
======================
`configure' recognizes the following options to control how it operates.
`configure' recognizes the following options to control how it
operates.
`--help'
`-h'
@ -233,4 +537,3 @@ configuration-related scripts to be executed by `/bin/bash'.
`configure' also accepts some other, not widely useful, options. Run
`configure --help' for more details.