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// -*- Mode: C++; c-basic-offset: 2; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*-
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// Copyright (c) 2004, Google Inc.
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// All rights reserved.
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//
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// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
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// met:
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//
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// * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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// * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
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// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
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// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
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// distribution.
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// * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
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// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
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// this software without specific prior written permission.
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//
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// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
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// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
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// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
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// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
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// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
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// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
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// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
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// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
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// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
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// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
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// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
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// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
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// CycleClock
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// A CycleClock tells you the current time in Cycles. The "time"
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// is actually time since power-on. This is like time() but doesn't
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// involve a system call and is much more precise.
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//
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// NOTE: Not all cpu/platform/kernel combinations guarantee that this
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// clock increments at a constant rate or is synchronized across all logical
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// cpus in a system.
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//
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// Also, in some out of order CPU implementations, the CycleClock is not
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// serializing. So if you're trying to count at cycles granularity, your
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// data might be inaccurate due to out of order instruction execution.
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// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
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#ifndef GOOGLE_BASE_CYCLECLOCK_H_
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#define GOOGLE_BASE_CYCLECLOCK_H_
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#include "base/basictypes.h" // make sure we get the def for int64
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#include "base/arm_instruction_set_select.h"
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// base/sysinfo.h is really big and we don't want to include it unless
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// it is necessary.
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#if defined(__arm__) || defined(__mips__) || defined(__aarch64__)
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# include "base/sysinfo.h"
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#endif
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#if defined(__MACH__) && defined(__APPLE__)
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# include <mach/mach_time.h>
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#endif
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// For MSVC, we want to use '_asm rdtsc' when possible (since it works
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// with even ancient MSVC compilers), and when not possible the
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// __rdtsc intrinsic, declared in <intrin.h>. Unfortunately, in some
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// environments, <windows.h> and <intrin.h> have conflicting
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// declarations of some other intrinsics, breaking compilation.
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// Therefore, we simply declare __rdtsc ourselves. See also
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// http://connect.microsoft.com/VisualStudio/feedback/details/262047
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#if defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(_M_IX86)
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extern "C" uint64 __rdtsc();
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#pragma intrinsic(__rdtsc)
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#endif
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#if defined(ARMV3) || defined(__mips__) || defined(__aarch64__)
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#include <sys/time.h>
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#endif
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// NOTE: only i386 and x86_64 have been well tested.
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// PPC, sparc, alpha, and ia64 are based on
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// http://peter.kuscsik.com/wordpress/?p=14
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// with modifications by m3b. See also
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// https://setisvn.ssl.berkeley.edu/svn/lib/fftw-3.0.1/kernel/cycle.h
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struct CycleClock {
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// This should return the number of cycles since power-on. Thread-safe.
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static inline int64 Now() {
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#if defined(__MACH__) && defined(__APPLE__)
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// this goes at the top because we need ALL Macs, regardless of
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// architecture, to return the number of "mach time units" that
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// have passed since startup. See sysinfo.cc where
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// InitializeSystemInfo() sets the supposed cpu clock frequency of
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// macs to the number of mach time units per second, not actual
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// CPU clock frequency (which can change in the face of CPU
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// frequency scaling). Also note that when the Mac sleeps, this
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// counter pauses; it does not continue counting, nor does it
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// reset to zero.
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return mach_absolute_time();
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#elif defined(__i386__)
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int64 ret;
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__asm__ volatile ("rdtsc" : "=A" (ret) );
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return ret;
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#elif defined(__x86_64__) || defined(__amd64__)
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uint64 low, high;
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__asm__ volatile ("rdtsc" : "=a" (low), "=d" (high));
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return (high << 32) | low;
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#elif defined(__powerpc64__) || defined(__ppc64__)
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uint64 tb;
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__asm__ volatile (\
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"mfspr %0, 268"
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: "=r" (tb));
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return tb;
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#elif defined(__powerpc__) || defined(__ppc__)
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// This returns a time-base, which is not always precisely a cycle-count.
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uint32 tbu, tbl, tmp;
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__asm__ volatile (\
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"0:\n"
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"mftbu %0\n"
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"mftbl %1\n"
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"mftbu %2\n"
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"cmpw %0, %2\n"
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"bne- 0b"
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: "=r" (tbu), "=r" (tbl), "=r" (tmp));
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return (((uint64) tbu << 32) | tbl);
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#elif defined(__sparc__)
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int64 tick;
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asm(".byte 0x83, 0x41, 0x00, 0x00");
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asm("mov %%g1, %0" : "=r" (tick));
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return tick;
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#elif defined(__ia64__)
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int64 itc;
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asm("mov %0 = ar.itc" : "=r" (itc));
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return itc;
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#elif defined(_MSC_VER) && defined(_M_IX86)
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// Older MSVC compilers (like 7.x) don't seem to support the
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// __rdtsc intrinsic properly, so I prefer to use _asm instead
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// when I know it will work. Otherwise, I'll use __rdtsc and hope
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// the code is being compiled with a non-ancient compiler.
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_asm rdtsc
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#elif defined(_MSC_VER)
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return __rdtsc();
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#elif defined(ARMV3) || defined(__aarch64__)
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#if defined(ARMV7) // V7 is the earliest arch that has a standard cyclecount
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uint32 pmccntr;
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uint32 pmuseren;
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uint32 pmcntenset;
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// Read the user mode perf monitor counter access permissions.
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asm volatile ("mrc p15, 0, %0, c9, c14, 0" : "=r" (pmuseren));
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if (pmuseren & 1) { // Allows reading perfmon counters for user mode code.
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asm volatile ("mrc p15, 0, %0, c9, c12, 1" : "=r" (pmcntenset));
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if (pmcntenset & 0x80000000ul) { // Is it counting?
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asm volatile ("mrc p15, 0, %0, c9, c13, 0" : "=r" (pmccntr));
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// The counter is set up to count every 64th cycle
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return static_cast<int64>(pmccntr) * 64; // Should optimize to << 6
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}
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}
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#endif
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struct timeval tv;
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gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
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return static_cast<int64>((tv.tv_sec + tv.tv_usec * 0.000001)
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* CyclesPerSecond());
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#elif defined(__mips__)
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// mips apparently only allows rdtsc for superusers, so we fall
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// back to gettimeofday. It's possible clock_gettime would be better.
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struct timeval tv;
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gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
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return static_cast<int64>((tv.tv_sec + tv.tv_usec * 0.000001)
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* CyclesPerSecond());
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#else
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// The soft failover to a generic implementation is automatic only for ARM.
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// For other platforms the developer is expected to make an attempt to create
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// a fast implementation and use generic version if nothing better is available.
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#error You need to define CycleTimer for your O/S and CPU
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#endif
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}
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};
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#endif // GOOGLE_BASE_CYCLECLOCK_H_
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