mirror of https://git.ffmpeg.org/ffmpeg.git
3555 lines
122 KiB
Plaintext
3555 lines
122 KiB
Plaintext
@chapter Muxers
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@c man begin MUXERS
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Muxers are configured elements in FFmpeg which allow writing
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multimedia streams to a particular type of file.
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When you configure your FFmpeg build, all the supported muxers
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are enabled by default. You can list all available muxers using the
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configure option @code{--list-muxers}.
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You can disable all the muxers with the configure option
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@code{--disable-muxers} and selectively enable / disable single muxers
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with the options @code{--enable-muxer=@var{MUXER}} /
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@code{--disable-muxer=@var{MUXER}}.
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The option @code{-muxers} of the ff* tools will display the list of
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enabled muxers. Use @code{-formats} to view a combined list of
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enabled demuxers and muxers.
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A description of some of the currently available muxers follows.
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@anchor{raw muxers}
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@section Raw muxers
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This section covers raw muxers. They accept a single stream matching
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the designated codec. They do not store timestamps or metadata. The
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recognized extension is the same as the muxer name unless indicated
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otherwise.
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It comprises the following muxers. The media type and the eventual
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extensions used to automatically selects the muxer from the output
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extensions are also shown.
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@table @samp
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@item ac3 @emph{audio}
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Dolby Digital, also known as AC-3.
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@item adx @emph{audio}
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CRI Middleware ADX audio.
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This muxer will write out the total sample count near the start of the
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first packet when the output is seekable and the count can be stored
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in 32 bits.
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@item aptx @emph{audio}
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aptX (Audio Processing Technology for Bluetooth)
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@item aptx_hd @emph{audio} (aptxdh)
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aptX HD (Audio Processing Technology for Bluetooth) audio
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@item avs2 @emph{video} (avs, avs2)
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AVS2-P2 (Audio Video Standard - Second generation - Part 2) /
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IEEE 1857.4 video
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@item avs3 @emph{video} (avs3)
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AVS3-P2 (Audio Video Standard - Third generation - Part 2) /
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IEEE 1857.10 video
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@item cavsvideo @emph{video} (cavs)
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Chinese AVS (Audio Video Standard - First generation)
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@item codec2raw @emph{audio}
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Codec 2 audio.
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No extension is registered so format name has to be supplied e.g. with
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the ffmpeg CLI tool @code{-f codec2raw}.
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@item data @emph{any}
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Generic data muxer.
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This muxer accepts a single stream with any codec of any type. The
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input stream has to be selected using the @code{-map} option with the
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@command{ffmpeg} CLI tool.
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No extension is registered so format name has to be supplied e.g. with
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the @command{ffmpeg} CLI tool @code{-f data}.
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@item dfpwm @emph{audio} (dfpwm)
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Raw DFPWM1a (Dynamic Filter Pulse With Modulation) audio muxer.
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@item dirac @emph{video} (drc, vc2)
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BBC Dirac video.
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The Dirac Pro codec is a subset and is standardized as SMPTE VC-2.
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@item dnxhd @emph{video} (dnxhd, dnxhr)
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Avid DNxHD video.
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It is standardized as SMPTE VC-3. Accepts DNxHR streams.
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@item dts @emph{audio}
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DTS Coherent Acoustics (DCA) audio
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@item eac3 @emph{audio}
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Dolby Digital Plus, also known as Enhanced AC-3
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@item evc @emph{video} (evc)
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MPEG-5 Essential Video Coding (EVC) / EVC / MPEG-5 Part 1 EVC video
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@item g722 @emph{audio}
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ITU-T G.722 audio
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@item g723_1 @emph{audio} (tco, rco)
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ITU-T G.723.1 audio
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@item g726 @emph{audio}
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ITU-T G.726 big-endian ("left-justified") audio.
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No extension is registered so format name has to be supplied e.g. with
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the @command{ffmpeg} CLI tool @code{-f g726}.
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@item g726le @emph{audio}
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ITU-T G.726 little-endian ("right-justified") audio.
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No extension is registered so format name has to be supplied e.g. with
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the @command{ffmpeg} CLI tool @code{-f g726le}.
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@item gsm @emph{audio}
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Global System for Mobile Communications audio
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@item h261 @emph{video}
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ITU-T H.261 video
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@item h263 @emph{video}
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ITU-T H.263 / H.263-1996, H.263+ / H.263-1998 / H.263 version 2 video
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@item h264 @emph{video} (h264, 264)
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ITU-T H.264 / MPEG-4 Part 10 AVC video. Bitstream shall be converted
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to Annex B syntax if it's in length-prefixed mode.
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@item hevc @emph{video} (hevc, h265, 265)
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ITU-T H.265 / MPEG-H Part 2 HEVC video. Bitstream shall be converted
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to Annex B syntax if it's in length-prefixed mode.
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@item m4v @emph{video}
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MPEG-4 Part 2 video
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@item mjpeg @emph{video} (mjpg, mjpeg)
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Motion JPEG video
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@item mlp @emph{audio}
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Meridian Lossless Packing, also known as Packed PCM
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@item mp2 @emph{audio} (mp2, m2a, mpa)
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MPEG-1 Audio Layer II audio
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@item mpeg1video @emph{video} (mpg, mpeg, m1v)
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MPEG-1 Part 2 video.
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@item mpeg2video @emph{video} (m2v)
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ITU-T H.262 / MPEG-2 Part 2 video
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@item obu @emph{video}
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AV1 low overhead Open Bitstream Units muxer.
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Temporal delimiter OBUs will be inserted in all temporal units of the
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stream.
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@item rawvideo @emph{video} (yuv, rgb)
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Raw uncompressed video.
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@item sbc @emph{audio} (sbc, msbc)
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Bluetooth SIG low-complexity subband codec audio
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@item truehd @emph{audio} (thd)
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Dolby TrueHD audio
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@item vc1 @emph{video}
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SMPTE 421M / VC-1 video
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@end table
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@subsection Examples
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@itemize
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@item
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Store raw video frames with the @samp{rawvideo} muxer using @command{ffmpeg}:
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@example
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ffmpeg -f lavfi -i testsrc -t 10 -s hd1080p testsrc.yuv
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@end example
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Since the rawvideo muxer do not store the information related to size
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and format, this information must be provided when demuxing the file:
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@example
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ffplay -video_size 1920x1080 -pixel_format rgb24 -f rawvideo testsrc.rgb
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@end example
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@end itemize
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@section Raw PCM muxers
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This section covers raw PCM (Pulse-Code Modulation) audio muxers.
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They accept a single stream matching the designated codec. They do not
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store timestamps or metadata. The recognized extension is the same as
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the muxer name.
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It comprises the following muxers. The optional additional extension
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used to automatically select the muxer from the output extension is
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also shown in parentheses.
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@table @samp
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@item alaw (al)
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PCM A-law
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@item f32be
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PCM 32-bit floating-point big-endian
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@item f32le
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PCM 32-bit floating-point little-endian
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@item f64be
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PCM 64-bit floating-point big-endian
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@item f64le
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PCM 64-bit floating-point little-endian
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@item mulaw (ul)
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PCM mu-law
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@item s16be
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PCM signed 16-bit big-endian
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@item s16le
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PCM signed 16-bit little-endian
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@item s24be
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PCM signed 24-bit big-endian
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@item s24le
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PCM signed 24-bit little-endian
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@item s32be
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PCM signed 32-bit big-endian
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@item s32le
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PCM signed 32-bit little-endian
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@item s8 (sb)
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PCM signed 8-bit
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@item u16be
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PCM unsigned 16-bit big-endian
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@item u16le
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PCM unsigned 16-bit little-endian
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@item u24be
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PCM unsigned 24-bit big-endian
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@item u24le
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PCM unsigned 24-bit little-endian
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@item u32be
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PCM unsigned 32-bit big-endian
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@item u32le
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PCM unsigned 32-bit little-endian
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@item u8 (ub)
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PCM unsigned 8-bit
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@item vidc
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PCM Archimedes VIDC
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@end table
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@section MPEG-1/MPEG-2 program stream muxers
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This section covers formats belonging to the MPEG-1 and MPEG-2 Systems
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family.
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The MPEG-1 Systems format (also known as ISO/IEEC 11172-1 or MPEG-1
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program stream) has been adopted for the format of media track stored
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in VCD (Video Compact Disc).
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The MPEG-2 Systems standard (also known as ISO/IEEC 13818-1) covers
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two containers formats, one known as transport stream and one known as
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program stream; only the latter is covered here.
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The MPEG-2 program stream format (also known as VOB due to the
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corresponding file extension) is an extension of MPEG-1 program
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stream: in addition to support different codecs for the audio and
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video streams, it also stores subtitles and navigation metadata.
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MPEG-2 program stream has been adopted for storing media streams in
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SVCD and DVD storage devices.
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This section comprises the following muxers.
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@table @samp
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@item mpeg (mpg,mpeg)
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MPEG-1 Systems / MPEG-1 program stream muxer.
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@item vcd
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MPEG-1 Systems / MPEG-1 program stream (VCD) muxer.
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This muxer can be used to generate tracks in the format accepted by
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the VCD (Video Compact Disc) storage devices.
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It is the same as the @samp{mpeg} muxer with a few differences.
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@item vob
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MPEG-2 program stream (VOB) muxer.
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@item dvd
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MPEG-2 program stream (DVD VOB) muxer.
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This muxer can be used to generate tracks in the format accepted by
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the DVD (Digital Versatile Disc) storage devices.
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This is the same as the @samp{vob} muxer with a few differences.
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@item svcd (vob)
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MPEG-2 program stream (SVCD VOB) muxer.
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This muxer can be used to generate tracks in the format accepted by
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the SVCD (Super Video Compact Disc) storage devices.
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This is the same as the @samp{vob} muxer with a few differences.
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@end table
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@subsection Options
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@table @option
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@item muxrate @var{rate}
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Set user-defined mux rate expressed as a number of bits/s. If not
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specied the automatically computed mux rate is employed. Default value
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is @code{0}.
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@item preload @var{delay}
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Set initial demux-decode delay in microseconds. Default value is
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@code{500000}.
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@end table
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@section MOV/MPEG-4/ISOMBFF muxers
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This section covers formats belonging to the QuickTime / MOV family,
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including the MPEG-4 Part 14 format and ISO base media file format
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(ISOBMFF). These formats share a common structure based on the ISO
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base media file format (ISOBMFF).
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The MOV format was originally developed for use with Apple QuickTime.
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It was later used as the basis for the MPEG-4 Part 1 (later Part 14)
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format, also known as ISO/IEC 14496-1. That format was then
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generalized into ISOBMFF, also named MPEG-4 Part 12 format, ISO/IEC
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14496-12, or ISO/IEC 15444-12.
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It comprises the following muxers.
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@table @samp
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@item 3gp
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Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) format for 3G UMTS
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multimedia services
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@item 3g2
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Third Generation Partnership Project 2 (3GP2 or 3GPP2) format for 3G
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CDMA2000 multimedia services, similar to @samp{3gp} with extensions
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and limitations
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@item f4v
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Adobe Flash Video format
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@item ipod
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MPEG-4 audio file format, as MOV/MP4 but limited to contain only audio
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streams, typically played with the Apple ipod device
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@item ismv
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Microsoft IIS (Internet Information Services) Smooth Streaming
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Audio/Video (ISMV or ISMA) format. This is based on MPEG-4 Part 14
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format with a few incompatible variants, used to stream media files
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for the Microsoft IIS server.
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@item mov
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QuickTime player format identified by the @code{.mov} extension
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@item mp4
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MP4 or MPEG-4 Part 14 format
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@item psp
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PlayStation Portable MP4/MPEG-4 Part 14 format variant. This is based
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on MPEG-4 Part 14 format with a few incompatible variants, used to
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play files on PlayStation devices.
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@end table
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@subsection Fragmentation
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The @samp{mov}, @samp{mp4}, and @samp{ismv} muxers support
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fragmentation. Normally, a MOV/MP4 file has all the metadata about all
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packets stored in one location.
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This data is usually written at the end of the file, but it can be
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moved to the start for better playback by adding @code{+faststart} to
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the @code{-movflags}, or using the @command{qt-faststart} tool).
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A fragmented file consists of a number of fragments, where packets and
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metadata about these packets are stored together. Writing a fragmented
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file has the advantage that the file is decodable even if the writing
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is interrupted (while a normal MOV/MP4 is undecodable if it is not
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properly finished), and it requires less memory when writing very long
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files (since writing normal MOV/MP4 files stores info about every
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single packet in memory until the file is closed). The downside is
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that it is less compatible with other applications.
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Fragmentation is enabled by setting one of the options that define
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how to cut the file into fragments:
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@table @option
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@item frag_duration
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@item frag_size
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@item min_frag_duration
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@item movflags +frag_keyframe
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@item movflags +frag_custom
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@end table
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If more than one condition is specified, fragments are cut when one of
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the specified conditions is fulfilled. The exception to this is the
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option @option{min_frag_duration}, which has to be fulfilled for any
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of the other conditions to apply.
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@subsection Options
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@table @option
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@item brand @var{brand_string}
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Override major brand.
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@item empty_hdlr_name @var{bool}
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Enable to skip writing the name inside a @code{hdlr} box.
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Default is @code{false}.
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@item encryption_key @var{key}
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set the media encryption key in hexadecimal format
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@item encryption_kid @var{kid}
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set the media encryption key identifier in hexadecimal format
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@item encryption_scheme @var{scheme}
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configure the encryption scheme, allowed values are @samp{none}, and
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@samp{cenc-aes-ctr}
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@item frag_duration @var{duration}
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Create fragments that are @var{duration} microseconds long.
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@item frag_interleave @var{number}
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Interleave samples within fragments (max number of consecutive
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samples, lower is tighter interleaving, but with more overhead. It is
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set to @code{0} by default.
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@item frag_size @var{size}
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create fragments that contain up to @var{size} bytes of payload data
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@item iods_audio_profile @var{profile}
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specify iods number for the audio profile atom (from -1 to 255),
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default is @code{-1}
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@item iods_video_profile @var{profile}
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specify iods number for the video profile atom (from -1 to 255),
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default is @code{-1}
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@item ism_lookahead @var{num_entries}
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specify number of lookahead entries for ISM files (from 0 to 255),
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default is @code{0}
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@item min_frag_duration @var{duration}
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do not create fragments that are shorter than @var{duration} microseconds long
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@item moov_size @var{bytes}
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Reserves space for the moov atom at the beginning of the file instead of placing the
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moov atom at the end. If the space reserved is insufficient, muxing will fail.
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@item mov_gamma @var{gamma}
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specify gamma value for gama atom (as a decimal number from 0 to 10),
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default is @code{0.0}, must be set together with @code{+ movflags}
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@item movflags @var{flags}
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Set various muxing switches. The following flags can be used:
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@table @samp
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@item cmaf
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write CMAF (Common Media Application Format) compatible fragmented
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MP4 output
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@item dash
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write DASH (Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP) compatible fragmented
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MP4 output
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@item default_base_moof
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Similarly to the @samp{omit_tfhd_offset} flag, this flag avoids
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writing the absolute base_data_offset field in tfhd atoms, but does so
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by using the new default-base-is-moof flag instead. This flag is new
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from 14496-12:2012. This may make the fragments easier to parse in
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certain circumstances (avoiding basing track fragment location
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calculations on the implicit end of the previous track fragment).
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@item delay_moov
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delay writing the initial moov until the first fragment is cut, or
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until the first fragment flush
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@item disable_chpl
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Disable Nero chapter markers (chpl atom). Normally, both Nero chapters
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and a QuickTime chapter track are written to the file. With this
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option set, only the QuickTime chapter track will be written. Nero
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chapters can cause failures when the file is reprocessed with certain
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tagging programs, like mp3Tag 2.61a and iTunes 11.3, most likely other
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versions are affected as well.
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@item faststart
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Run a second pass moving the index (moov atom) to the beginning of the
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file. This operation can take a while, and will not work in various
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situations such as fragmented output, thus it is not enabled by
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default.
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@item frag_custom
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Allow the caller to manually choose when to cut fragments, by calling
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@code{av_write_frame(ctx, NULL)} to write a fragment with the packets
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written so far. (This is only useful with other applications
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integrating libavformat, not from @command{ffmpeg}.)
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@item frag_discont
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signal that the next fragment is discontinuous from earlier ones
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@item frag_every_frame
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fragment at every frame
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@item frag_keyframe
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start a new fragment at each video keyframe
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@item global_sidx
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write a global sidx index at the start of the file
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|
@item isml
|
|
create a live smooth streaming feed (for pushing to a publishing point)
|
|
|
|
@item negative_cts_offsets
|
|
Enables utilization of version 1 of the CTTS box, in which the CTS offsets can
|
|
be negative. This enables the initial sample to have DTS/CTS of zero, and
|
|
reduces the need for edit lists for some cases such as video tracks with
|
|
B-frames. Additionally, eases conformance with the DASH-IF interoperability
|
|
guidelines.
|
|
|
|
This option is implicitly set when writing @samp{ismv} (Smooth
|
|
Streaming) files.
|
|
|
|
@item omit_tfhd_offset
|
|
Do not write any absolute base_data_offset in tfhd atoms. This avoids
|
|
tying fragments to absolute byte positions in the file/streams.
|
|
|
|
@item prefer_icc
|
|
If writing colr atom prioritise usage of ICC profile if it exists in
|
|
stream packet side data.
|
|
|
|
@item rtphint
|
|
add RTP hinting tracks to the output file
|
|
|
|
@item separate_moof
|
|
Write a separate moof (movie fragment) atom for each track. Normally,
|
|
packets for all tracks are written in a moof atom (which is slightly
|
|
more efficient), but with this option set, the muxer writes one
|
|
moof/mdat pair for each track, making it easier to separate tracks.
|
|
|
|
@item skip_sidx
|
|
Skip writing of sidx atom. When bitrate overhead due to sidx atom is
|
|
high, this option could be used for cases where sidx atom is not
|
|
mandatory. When the @samp{global_sidx} flag is enabled, this option
|
|
is ignored.
|
|
|
|
@item skip_trailer
|
|
skip writing the mfra/tfra/mfro trailer for fragmented files
|
|
|
|
@item use_metadata_tags
|
|
use mdta atom for metadata
|
|
|
|
@item write_colr
|
|
write colr atom even if the color info is unspecified. This flag is
|
|
experimental, may be renamed or changed, do not use from scripts.
|
|
|
|
@item write_gama
|
|
write deprecated gama atom
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@item movie_timescale @var{scale}
|
|
Set the timescale written in the movie header box (@code{mvhd}).
|
|
Range is 1 to INT_MAX. Default is @code{1000}.
|
|
|
|
@item rtpflags @var{flags}
|
|
Add RTP hinting tracks to the output file.
|
|
|
|
The following flags can be used:
|
|
@table @samp
|
|
@item h264_mode0
|
|
use mode 0 for H.264 in RTP
|
|
|
|
@item latm
|
|
use MP4A-LATM packetization instead of MPEG4-GENERIC for AAC
|
|
|
|
@item rfc2190
|
|
use RFC 2190 packetization instead of RFC 4629 for H.263
|
|
|
|
@item send_bye
|
|
send RTCP BYE packets when finishing
|
|
|
|
@item skip_rtcp
|
|
do not send RTCP sender reports
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@item skip_iods @var{bool}
|
|
skip writing iods atom (default value is @code{true})
|
|
|
|
@item use_editlist @var{bool}
|
|
use edit list (default value is @code{auto})
|
|
|
|
@item use_stream_ids_as_track_ids @var{bool}
|
|
use stream ids as track ids (default value is @code{false})
|
|
|
|
@item video_track_timescale @var{scale}
|
|
Set the timescale used for video tracks. Range is @code{0} to INT_MAX. If
|
|
set to @code{0}, the timescale is automatically set based on the
|
|
native stream time base. Default is @code{0}.
|
|
|
|
@item write_btrt @var{bool}
|
|
Force or disable writing bitrate box inside stsd box of a track. The
|
|
box contains decoding buffer size (in bytes), maximum bitrate and
|
|
average bitrate for the track. The box will be skipped if none of
|
|
these values can be computed. Default is @code{-1} or @code{auto},
|
|
which will write the box only in MP4 mode.
|
|
|
|
@item write_prft @var{option}
|
|
Write producer time reference box (PRFT) with a specified time source for the
|
|
NTP field in the PRFT box. Set value as @samp{wallclock} to specify timesource
|
|
as wallclock time and @samp{pts} to specify timesource as input packets' PTS
|
|
values.
|
|
|
|
@item write_tmcd @var{bool}
|
|
Specify @code{on} to force writing a timecode track, @code{off} to disable it
|
|
and @code{auto} to write a timecode track only for mov and mp4 output (default).
|
|
|
|
Setting value to @samp{pts} is applicable only for a live encoding use case,
|
|
where PTS values are set as as wallclock time at the source. For example, an
|
|
encoding use case with decklink capture source where @option{video_pts} and
|
|
@option{audio_pts} are set to @samp{abs_wallclock}.
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@subsection Examples
|
|
|
|
@itemize
|
|
@item
|
|
Push Smooth Streaming content in real time to a publishing point on
|
|
IIS with the @samp{ismv} muxer using @command{ffmpeg}:
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -re @var{<normal input/transcoding options>} -movflags isml+frag_keyframe -f ismv http://server/publishingpoint.isml/Streams(Encoder1)
|
|
@end example
|
|
@end itemize
|
|
|
|
@anchor{a64}
|
|
@section a64
|
|
A64 Commodore 64 video muxer.
|
|
|
|
This muxer accepts a single @code{a64_multi} or @code{a64_multi5}
|
|
codec video stream.
|
|
|
|
@section ac4
|
|
Raw AC-4 audio muxer.
|
|
|
|
This muxer accepts a single @code{ac4} audio stream.
|
|
|
|
@subsection Options
|
|
@table @option
|
|
@item write_crc @var{bool}
|
|
when enabled, write a CRC checksum for each packet to the output,
|
|
default is @code{false}
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@anchor{adts}
|
|
@section adts
|
|
Audio Data Transport Stream muxer.
|
|
|
|
It accepts a single AAC stream.
|
|
|
|
@subsection Options
|
|
@table @option
|
|
@item write_id3v2 @var{bool}
|
|
Enable to write ID3v2.4 tags at the start of the stream. Default is
|
|
disabled.
|
|
|
|
@item write_apetag @var{bool}
|
|
Enable to write APE tags at the end of the stream. Default is
|
|
disabled.
|
|
|
|
@item write_mpeg2 @var{bool}
|
|
Enable to set MPEG version bit in the ADTS frame header to 1 which
|
|
indicates MPEG-2. Default is 0, which indicates MPEG-4.
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@anchor{aiff}
|
|
@section aiff
|
|
Audio Interchange File Format muxer.
|
|
|
|
@subsection Options
|
|
@table @option
|
|
@item write_id3v2 @var{bool}
|
|
Enable ID3v2 tags writing when set to 1. Default is 0 (disabled).
|
|
|
|
@item id3v2_version @var{bool}
|
|
Select ID3v2 version to write. Currently only version 3 and 4 (aka.
|
|
ID3v2.3 and ID3v2.4) are supported. The default is version 4.
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@anchor{alp}
|
|
@section alp
|
|
High Voltage Software's Lego Racers game audio muxer.
|
|
|
|
It accepts a single ADPCM_IMA_ALP stream with no more than 2 channels
|
|
and a sample rate not greater than 44100 Hz.
|
|
|
|
Extensions: @code{tun}, @code{pcm}
|
|
|
|
@subsection Options
|
|
@table @option
|
|
@item type @var{type}
|
|
Set file type.
|
|
|
|
@var{type} accepts the following values:
|
|
@table @samp
|
|
@item tun
|
|
Set file type as music. Must have a sample rate of 22050 Hz.
|
|
|
|
@item pcm
|
|
Set file type as sfx.
|
|
|
|
@item auto
|
|
Set file type as per output file extension. @code{.pcm} results in
|
|
type @code{pcm} else type @code{tun} is set. @var{(default)}
|
|
@end table
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@section amr
|
|
3GPP AMR (Adaptive Multi-Rate) audio muxer.
|
|
|
|
It accepts a single audio stream containing an AMR NB stream.
|
|
|
|
@section amv
|
|
AMV (Actions Media Video) format muxer.
|
|
|
|
@section apm
|
|
Ubisoft Rayman 2 APM audio muxer.
|
|
|
|
It accepts a single ADPCM IMA APM audio stream.
|
|
|
|
@section apng
|
|
Animated Portable Network Graphics muxer.
|
|
|
|
It accepts a single APNG video stream.
|
|
|
|
@subsection Options
|
|
@table @option
|
|
@item final_delay @var{delay}
|
|
Force a delay expressed in seconds after the last frame of each
|
|
repetition. Default value is @code{0.0}.
|
|
|
|
@item plays @var{repetitions}
|
|
specify how many times to play the content, @code{0} causes an infinte
|
|
loop, with @code{1} there is no loop
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@subsection Examples
|
|
@itemize
|
|
@item
|
|
Use @command{ffmpeg} to generate an APNG output with 2 repetitions,
|
|
and with a delay of half a second after the first repetition:
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -i INPUT -final_delay 0.5 -plays 2 out.apng
|
|
@end example
|
|
@end itemize
|
|
|
|
@section argo_asf
|
|
Argonaut Games ASF audio muxer.
|
|
|
|
It accepts a single ADPCM audio stream.
|
|
|
|
@subsection Options
|
|
@table @option
|
|
@item version_major @var{version}
|
|
override file major version, specified as an integer, default value is
|
|
@code{2}
|
|
|
|
@item version_minor @var{version}
|
|
override file minor version, specified as an integer, default value is
|
|
@code{1}
|
|
|
|
@item name @var{name}
|
|
Embed file name into file, if not specified use the output file
|
|
name. The name is truncated to 8 characters.
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@section argo_cvg
|
|
Argonaut Games CVG audio muxer.
|
|
|
|
It accepts a single one-channel ADPCM 22050Hz audio stream.
|
|
|
|
The @option{loop} and @option{reverb} options set the corresponding
|
|
flags in the header which can be later retrieved to process the audio
|
|
stream accordingly.
|
|
|
|
@subsection Options
|
|
@table @option
|
|
@item skip_rate_check @var{bool}
|
|
skip sample rate check (default is @code{false})
|
|
|
|
@item loop @var{bool}
|
|
set loop flag (default is @code{false})
|
|
|
|
@item reverb @var{boolean}
|
|
set reverb flag (default is @code{true})
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@anchor{asf}
|
|
@section asf, asf_stream
|
|
Advanced / Active Systems (or Streaming) Format audio muxer.
|
|
|
|
The @samp{asf_stream} variant should be selected for streaming.
|
|
|
|
Note that Windows Media Audio (wma) and Windows Media Video (wmv) use this
|
|
muxer too.
|
|
|
|
@subsection Options
|
|
@table @option
|
|
@item packet_size @var{size}
|
|
Set the muxer packet size as a number of bytes. By tuning this setting
|
|
you may reduce data fragmentation or muxer overhead depending on your
|
|
source. Default value is @code{3200}, minimum is @code{100}, maximum
|
|
is @code{64Ki}.
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@section ass
|
|
ASS/SSA (SubStation Alpha) subtitles muxer.
|
|
|
|
It accepts a single ASS subtitles stream.
|
|
|
|
@subsection Options
|
|
@table @option
|
|
@item ignore_readorder @var{bool}
|
|
Write dialogue events immediately, even if they are out-of-order,
|
|
default is @code{false}, otherwise they are cached until the expected
|
|
time event is found.
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@section ast
|
|
AST (Audio Stream) muxer.
|
|
|
|
This format is used to play audio on some Nintendo Wii games.
|
|
|
|
It accepts a single audio stream.
|
|
|
|
The @option{loopstart} and @option{loopend} options can be used to
|
|
define a section of the file to loop for players honoring such
|
|
options.
|
|
|
|
@subsection Options
|
|
@table @option
|
|
@item loopstart @var{start}
|
|
Specify loop start position expressesd in milliseconds, from @code{-1}
|
|
to @code{INT_MAX}, in case @code{-1} is set then no loop is specified
|
|
(default -1) and the @option{loopend} value is ignored.
|
|
|
|
@item loopend @var{end}
|
|
Specify loop end position expressed in milliseconds, from @code{0} to
|
|
@code{INT_MAX}, default is @code{0}, in case @code{0} is set it
|
|
assumes the total stream duration.
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@section au
|
|
SUN AU audio muxer.
|
|
|
|
It accepts a single audio stream.
|
|
|
|
@anchor{avi}
|
|
@section avi
|
|
Audio Video Interleaved muxer.
|
|
|
|
AVI is a proprietary format developed by Microsoft, and later formally specified
|
|
through the Open DML specification.
|
|
|
|
Because of differences in players implementations, it might be required to set
|
|
some options to make sure that the generated output can be correctly played by
|
|
the target player.
|
|
|
|
@subsection Options
|
|
@table @option
|
|
@item flipped_raw_rgb @var{bool}
|
|
If set to @code{true}, store positive height for raw RGB bitmaps, which
|
|
indicates bitmap is stored bottom-up. Note that this option does not flip the
|
|
bitmap which has to be done manually beforehand, e.g. by using the @samp{vflip}
|
|
filter. Default is @code{false} and indicates bitmap is stored top down.
|
|
|
|
@item reserve_index_space @var{size}
|
|
Reserve the specified amount of bytes for the OpenDML master index of each
|
|
stream within the file header. By default additional master indexes are
|
|
embedded within the data packets if there is no space left in the first master
|
|
index and are linked together as a chain of indexes. This index structure can
|
|
cause problems for some use cases, e.g. third-party software strictly relying
|
|
on the OpenDML index specification or when file seeking is slow. Reserving
|
|
enough index space in the file header avoids these problems.
|
|
|
|
The required index space depends on the output file size and should be about 16
|
|
bytes per gigabyte. When this option is omitted or set to zero the necessary
|
|
index space is guessed.
|
|
|
|
Default value is @code{0}.
|
|
|
|
@item write_channel_mask @var{bool}
|
|
Write the channel layout mask into the audio stream header.
|
|
|
|
This option is enabled by default. Disabling the channel mask can be useful in
|
|
specific scenarios, e.g. when merging multiple audio streams into one for
|
|
compatibility with software that only supports a single audio stream in AVI
|
|
(see @ref{amerge,,the "amerge" section in the ffmpeg-filters manual,ffmpeg-filters}).
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@section avif
|
|
AV1 (Alliance for Open Media Video codec 1) image format muxer.
|
|
|
|
This muxers stores images encoded using the AV1 codec.
|
|
|
|
It accepts one or two video streams. In case two video streams are
|
|
provided, the second one shall contain a single plane storing the
|
|
alpha mask.
|
|
|
|
In case more than one image is provided, the generated output is
|
|
considered an animated AVIF and the number of loops can be specified
|
|
with the @option{loop} option.
|
|
|
|
This is based on the specification by Alliance for Open Media at url
|
|
@url{https://aomediacodec.github.io/av1-avif}.
|
|
|
|
@subsection Options
|
|
@table @option
|
|
@item loop @var{count}
|
|
number of times to loop an animated AVIF, @code{0} specify an infinite
|
|
loop, default is @code{0}
|
|
|
|
@item movie_timescale @var{timescale}
|
|
Set the timescale written in the movie header box (@code{mvhd}).
|
|
Range is 1 to INT_MAX. Default is @code{1000}.
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@section avm2
|
|
ShockWave Flash (SWF) / ActionScript Virtual Machine 2 (AVM2) format muxer.
|
|
|
|
It accepts one audio stream, one video stream, or both.
|
|
|
|
@section bit
|
|
G.729 (.bit) file format muxer.
|
|
|
|
It accepts a single G.729 audio stream.
|
|
|
|
@section caf
|
|
Apple CAF (Core Audio Format) muxer.
|
|
|
|
It accepts a single audio stream.
|
|
|
|
@section codec2
|
|
Codec2 audio audio muxer.
|
|
|
|
It accepts a single codec2 audio stream.
|
|
|
|
@anchor{chromaprint}
|
|
@section chromaprint
|
|
Chromaprint fingerprinter muxers.
|
|
|
|
To enable compilation of this filter you need to configure FFmpeg with
|
|
@code{--enable-chromaprint}.
|
|
|
|
This muxer feeds audio data to the Chromaprint library, which
|
|
generates a fingerprint for the provided audio data. See:
|
|
@url{https://acoustid.org/chromaprint}
|
|
|
|
It takes a single signed native-endian 16-bit raw audio stream of at
|
|
most 2 channels.
|
|
|
|
@subsection Options
|
|
@table @option
|
|
@item algorithm @var{version}
|
|
Select version of algorithm to fingerprint with. Range is @code{0} to
|
|
@code{4}. Version @code{3} enables silence detection. Default is @code{1}.
|
|
|
|
@item fp_format @var{format}
|
|
Format to output the fingerprint as. Accepts the following options:
|
|
@table @samp
|
|
@item base64
|
|
Base64 compressed fingerprint @emph{(default)}
|
|
|
|
@item compressed
|
|
Binary compressed fingerprint
|
|
|
|
@item raw
|
|
Binary raw fingerprint
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@item silence_threshold @var{threshold}
|
|
Threshold for detecting silence. Range is from @code{-1} to
|
|
@code{32767}, where @code{-1} disables silence detection. Silence
|
|
detection can only be used with version @code{3} of the algorithm.
|
|
|
|
Silence detection must be disabled for use with the AcoustID
|
|
service. Default is @code{-1}.
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@anchor{crc}
|
|
@section crc
|
|
CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check) muxer.
|
|
|
|
This muxer computes and prints the Adler-32 CRC of all the input audio
|
|
and video frames. By default audio frames are converted to signed
|
|
16-bit raw audio and video frames to raw video before computing the
|
|
CRC.
|
|
|
|
The output of the muxer consists of a single line of the form:
|
|
CRC=0x@var{CRC}, where @var{CRC} is a hexadecimal number 0-padded to
|
|
8 digits containing the CRC for all the decoded input frames.
|
|
|
|
See also the @ref{framecrc} muxer.
|
|
|
|
@subsection Examples
|
|
@itemize
|
|
@item
|
|
Use @command{ffmpeg} to compute the CRC of the input, and store it in
|
|
the file @file{out.crc}:
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -i INPUT -f crc out.crc
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
Use @command{ffmpeg} to print the CRC to stdout with the command:
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -i INPUT -f crc -
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
You can select the output format of each frame with @command{ffmpeg} by
|
|
specifying the audio and video codec and format. For example, to
|
|
compute the CRC of the input audio converted to PCM unsigned 8-bit
|
|
and the input video converted to MPEG-2 video, use the command:
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -i INPUT -c:a pcm_u8 -c:v mpeg2video -f crc -
|
|
@end example
|
|
@end itemize
|
|
|
|
@anchor{dash}
|
|
@section dash
|
|
Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (DASH) muxer.
|
|
|
|
This muxer creates segments and manifest files according to the
|
|
MPEG-DASH standard ISO/IEC 23009-1:2014 and following standard
|
|
updates.
|
|
|
|
For more information see:
|
|
@itemize @bullet
|
|
@item
|
|
ISO DASH Specification: @url{http://standards.iso.org/ittf/PubliclyAvailableStandards/c065274_ISO_IEC_23009-1_2014.zip}
|
|
@item
|
|
WebM DASH Specification: @url{https://sites.google.com/a/webmproject.org/wiki/adaptive-streaming/webm-dash-specification}
|
|
@end itemize
|
|
|
|
This muxer creates an MPD (Media Presentation Description) manifest
|
|
file and segment files for each stream. Segment files are placed in
|
|
the same directory of the MPD manifest file.
|
|
|
|
The segment filename might contain pre-defined identifiers used in the
|
|
manifest @code{SegmentTemplate} section as defined in section
|
|
5.3.9.4.4 of the standard.
|
|
|
|
Available identifiers are @code{$RepresentationID$}, @code{$Number$},
|
|
@code{$Bandwidth$}, and @code{$Time$}. In addition to the standard
|
|
identifiers, an ffmpeg-specific @code{$ext$} identifier is also
|
|
supported. When specified, @command{ffmpeg} will replace @code{$ext$}
|
|
in the file name with muxing format's extensions such as @code{mp4},
|
|
@code{webm} etc.
|
|
|
|
@subsection Options
|
|
@table @option
|
|
@item adaptation_sets @var{adaptation_sets}
|
|
Assign streams to adaptation sets, specified in the MPD manifest
|
|
@code{AdaptationSets} section.
|
|
|
|
An adaptation set contains a set of one or more streams accessed as a
|
|
single subset, e.g. corresponding streams encoded at different size
|
|
selectable by the user depending on the available bandwidth, or to
|
|
different audio streams with a different language.
|
|
|
|
Each adaptation set is specified with the syntax:
|
|
@example
|
|
id=@var{index},streams=@var{streams}
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
where @var{index} must be a numerical index, and @var{streams} is a
|
|
sequence of @code{,}-separated stream indices. Multiple adaptation
|
|
sets can be specified, separated by spaces.
|
|
|
|
To map all video (or audio) streams to an adaptation set, @code{v} (or
|
|
@code{a}) can be used as stream identifier instead of IDs.
|
|
|
|
When no assignment is defined, this defaults to an adaptation set for
|
|
each stream.
|
|
|
|
The following optional fields can also be specified:
|
|
|
|
@table @option
|
|
@item descriptor
|
|
Define the descriptor as defined by ISO/IEC 23009-1:2014/Amd.2:2015.
|
|
|
|
For example:
|
|
@example
|
|
<SupplementalProperty schemeIdUri=\"urn:mpeg:dash:srd:2014\" value=\"0,0,0,1,1,2,2\"/>
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
The descriptor string should be a self-closing XML tag.
|
|
|
|
@item frag_duration
|
|
Override the global fragment duration specified with the
|
|
@option{frag_duration} option.
|
|
|
|
@item frag_type
|
|
Override the global fragment type specified with the
|
|
@option{frag_type} option.
|
|
|
|
@item seg_duration
|
|
Override the global segment duration specified with the
|
|
@option{seg_duration} option.
|
|
|
|
@item trick_id
|
|
Mark an adaptation set as containing streams meant to be used for
|
|
Trick Mode for the referenced adaptation set.
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
A few examples of possible values for the @option{adaptation_sets}
|
|
option follow:
|
|
@example
|
|
id=0,seg_duration=2,frag_duration=1,frag_type=duration,streams=v id=1,seg_duration=2,frag_type=none,streams=a
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
id=0,seg_duration=2,frag_type=none,streams=0 id=1,seg_duration=10,frag_type=none,trick_id=0,streams=1
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@item dash_segment_type @var{type}
|
|
Set DASH segment files type.
|
|
|
|
Possible values:
|
|
@table @samp
|
|
@item auto
|
|
The dash segment files format will be selected based on the stream
|
|
codec. This is the default mode.
|
|
@item mp4
|
|
the dash segment files will be in ISOBMFF/MP4 format
|
|
@item webm
|
|
the dash segment files will be in WebM format
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@item extra_window_size @var{size}
|
|
Set the maximum number of segments kept outside of the manifest before
|
|
removing from disk.
|
|
|
|
@item format_options @var{options_list}
|
|
Set container format (mp4/webm) options using a @code{:}-separated list of
|
|
key=value parameters. Values containing @code{:} special characters must be
|
|
escaped.
|
|
|
|
@item frag_duration @var{duration}
|
|
Set the length in seconds of fragments within segments, fractional
|
|
value can also be set.
|
|
|
|
@item frag_type @var{type}
|
|
Set the type of interval for fragmentation.
|
|
|
|
Possible values:
|
|
@table @samp
|
|
@item auto
|
|
set one fragment per segment
|
|
|
|
@item every_frame
|
|
fragment at every frame
|
|
|
|
@item duration
|
|
fragment at specific time intervals
|
|
|
|
@item pframes
|
|
fragment at keyframes and following P-Frame reordering (Video only,
|
|
experimental)
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@item global_sidx @var{bool}
|
|
Write global @code{SIDX} atom. Applicable only for single file, mp4
|
|
output, non-streaming mode.
|
|
|
|
@item hls_master_name @var{file_name}
|
|
HLS master playlist name. Default is @file{master.m3u8}.
|
|
|
|
@item hls_playlist @var{bool}
|
|
Generate HLS playlist files. The master playlist is generated with
|
|
filename specified by the @option{hls_master_name} option. One media
|
|
playlist file is generated for each stream with filenames
|
|
@file{media_0.m3u8}, @file{media_1.m3u8}, etc.
|
|
|
|
@item http_opts @var{http_opts}
|
|
Specify a list of @code{:}-separated key=value options to pass to the
|
|
underlying HTTP protocol. Applicable only for HTTP output.
|
|
|
|
@item http_persistent @var{bool}
|
|
Use persistent HTTP connections. Applicable only for HTTP output.
|
|
|
|
@item http_user_agent @var{user_agent}
|
|
Override User-Agent field in HTTP header. Applicable only for HTTP
|
|
output.
|
|
|
|
@item ignore_io_errors @var{bool}
|
|
Ignore IO errors during open and write. Useful for long-duration runs
|
|
with network output. This is disabled by default.
|
|
|
|
@item index_correction @var{bool}
|
|
Enable or disable segment index correction logic. Applicable only when
|
|
@option{use_template} is enabled and @option{use_timeline} is
|
|
disabled. This is disabled by default.
|
|
|
|
When enabled, the logic monitors the flow of segment indexes. If a
|
|
streams's segment index value is not at the expected real time
|
|
position, then the logic corrects that index value.
|
|
|
|
Typically this logic is needed in live streaming use cases. The
|
|
network bandwidth fluctuations are common during long run
|
|
streaming. Each fluctuation can cause the segment indexes fall behind
|
|
the expected real time position.
|
|
|
|
@item init_seg_name @var{init_name}
|
|
DASH-templated name to use for the initialization segment. Default is
|
|
@code{init-stream$RepresentationID$.$ext$}. @code{$ext$} is replaced
|
|
with the file name extension specific for the segment format.
|
|
|
|
@item ldash @var{bool}
|
|
Enable Low-latency Dash by constraining the presence and values of
|
|
some elements. This is disabled by default.
|
|
|
|
@item lhls @var{bool}
|
|
Enable Low-latency HLS (LHLS). Add @code{#EXT-X-PREFETCH} tag with
|
|
current segment's URI. hls.js player folks are trying to standardize
|
|
an open LHLS spec. The draft spec is available at
|
|
@url{https://github.com/video-dev/hlsjs-rfcs/blob/lhls-spec/proposals/0001-lhls.md}.
|
|
|
|
This option tries to comply with the above open spec. It enables
|
|
@option{streaming} and @option{hls_playlist} options automatically.
|
|
This is an experimental feature.
|
|
|
|
Note: This is not Apple's version LHLS. See
|
|
@url{https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-pantos-hls-rfc8216bis}
|
|
|
|
@item master_m3u8_publish_rate @var{segment_intervals_count}
|
|
Publish master playlist repeatedly every after specified number of
|
|
segment intervals.
|
|
|
|
@item max_playback_rate @var{rate}
|
|
Set the maximum playback rate indicated as appropriate for the
|
|
purposes of automatically adjusting playback latency and buffer
|
|
occupancy during normal playback by clients.
|
|
|
|
@item media_seg_name @var{segment_name}
|
|
DASH-templated name to use for the media segments. Default is
|
|
@code{chunk-stream$RepresentationID$-$Number%05d$.$ext$}. @code{$ext$}
|
|
is replaced with the file name extension specific for the segment
|
|
format.
|
|
|
|
@item method @var{method}
|
|
Use the given HTTP method to create output files. Generally set to @code{PUT}
|
|
or @code{POST}.
|
|
|
|
@item min_playback_rate @var{rate}
|
|
Set the minimum playback rate indicated as appropriate for the
|
|
purposes of automatically adjusting playback latency and buffer
|
|
occupancy during normal playback by clients.
|
|
|
|
@item mpd_profile @var{flags}
|
|
Set one or more MPD manifest profiles.
|
|
|
|
Possible values:
|
|
@table @samp
|
|
@item dash
|
|
MPEG-DASH ISO Base media file format live profile
|
|
@item dvb_dash
|
|
DVB-DASH profile
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
Default value is @code{dash}.
|
|
|
|
@item remove_at_exit @var{bool}
|
|
Enable or disable removal of all segments when finished. This is
|
|
disabled by default.
|
|
|
|
@item seg_duration @var{duration}
|
|
Set the segment length in seconds (fractional value can be set). The
|
|
value is treated as average segment duration when the
|
|
@option{use_template} option is enabled and the @option{use_timeline}
|
|
option is disabled and as minimum segment duration for all the other
|
|
use cases.
|
|
|
|
Default value is @code{5}.
|
|
|
|
@item single_file @var{bool}
|
|
Enable or disable storing all segments in one file, accessed using
|
|
byte ranges. This is disabled by default.
|
|
|
|
The name of the single file can be specified with the
|
|
@option{single_file_name} option, if not specified assume the basename
|
|
of the manifest file with the output format extension.
|
|
|
|
@item single_file_name @var{file_name}
|
|
DASH-templated name to use for the manifest @code{baseURL}
|
|
element. Imply that the @option{single_file} option is set to
|
|
@var{true}. In the template, @code{$ext$} is replaced with the file
|
|
name extension specific for the segment format.
|
|
|
|
@item streaming @var{bool}
|
|
Enable or disable chunk streaming mode of output. In chunk streaming
|
|
mode, each frame will be a @code{moof} fragment which forms a
|
|
chunk. This is disabled by default.
|
|
|
|
@item target_latency @var{target_latency}
|
|
Set an intended target latency in seconds for serving (fractional
|
|
value can be set). Applicable only when the @option{streaming} and
|
|
@option{write_prft} options are enabled. This is an informative fields
|
|
clients can use to measure the latency of the service.
|
|
|
|
@item timeout @var{timeout}
|
|
Set timeout for socket I/O operations expressed in seconds (fractional
|
|
value can be set). Applicable only for HTTP output.
|
|
|
|
@item update_period @var{period}
|
|
Set the MPD update period, for dynamic content. The unit is
|
|
second. If set to @code{0}, the period is automatically computed.
|
|
|
|
Default value is @code{0}.
|
|
|
|
@item use_template @var{bool}
|
|
Enable or disable use of @code{SegmentTemplate} instead of
|
|
@code{SegmentList} in the manifest. This is enabled by default.
|
|
|
|
@item use_timeline @var{bool}
|
|
Enable or disable use of @code{SegmentTimeline} within the
|
|
@code{SegmentTemplate} manifest section. This is enabled by default.
|
|
|
|
@item utc_timing_url @var{url}
|
|
URL of the page that will return the UTC timestamp in ISO
|
|
format, for example @code{https://time.akamai.com/?iso}
|
|
|
|
@item window_size @var{size}
|
|
Set the maximum number of segments kept in the manifest, discard the
|
|
oldest one. This is useful for live streaming.
|
|
|
|
If the value is @code{0}, all segments are kept in the
|
|
manifest. Default value is @code{0}.
|
|
|
|
@item write_prft @var{write_prft}
|
|
Write Producer Reference Time elements on supported streams. This also
|
|
enables writing prft boxes in the underlying muxer. Applicable only
|
|
when the @var{utc_url} option is enabled. It is set to @var{auto} by
|
|
default, in which case the muxer will attempt to enable it only in
|
|
modes that require it.
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@subsection Example
|
|
Generate a DASH output reading from an input source in realtime using
|
|
@command{ffmpeg}.
|
|
|
|
Two multimedia streams are generated from the input file, both
|
|
containing a video stream encoded through @samp{libx264}, and an audio
|
|
stream encoded with @samp{libfdk_aac}. The first multimedia stream
|
|
contains video with a bitrate of 800k and audio at the default rate,
|
|
the second with video scaled to 320x170 pixels at 300k and audio
|
|
resampled at 22005 Hz.
|
|
|
|
The @option{window_size} option keeps only the latest 5 segments with
|
|
the default duration of 5 seconds.
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -re -i <input> -map 0 -map 0 -c:a libfdk_aac -c:v libx264 \
|
|
-b:v:0 800k -profile:v:0 main \
|
|
-b:v:1 300k -s:v:1 320x170 -profile:v:1 baseline -ar:a:1 22050 \
|
|
-bf 1 -keyint_min 120 -g 120 -sc_threshold 0 -b_strategy 0 \
|
|
-use_timeline 1 -use_template 1 -window_size 5 \
|
|
-adaptation_sets "id=0,streams=v id=1,streams=a" \
|
|
-f dash /path/to/out.mpd
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@section daud
|
|
D-Cinema audio muxer.
|
|
|
|
It accepts a single 6-channels audio stream resampled at 96000 Hz
|
|
encoded with the @samp{pcm_24daud} codec.
|
|
|
|
In addition, each muxed packet size must not be greater than 65535 bytes.
|
|
|
|
@subsection Example
|
|
Use @command{ffmpeg} to mux input audio to a @samp{5.1} channel layout
|
|
resampled at 96000Hz:
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -i INPUT -af aresample=96000,pan=5.1,asetnsamples=3640 slow.302
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
The @samp{asetnsamples} filter is used to reduce the number of samples
|
|
of each audio packet, with a size computed according to the formula:
|
|
@example
|
|
65535 / (@var{channels} * @var{encoded_sample_size}) = 655535 / (6 * 3) = 3640
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
The @var{encoded_sample_size} = 3 factor is due to sample size of the
|
|
@samp{pcm_24daud} encoder.
|
|
|
|
@section dv
|
|
DV (Digital Video) muxer.
|
|
|
|
It accepts exactly one @samp{dvvideo} video stream and at most two
|
|
@samp{pcm_s16} audio streams. More constraints are defined by the
|
|
property of the video, which must correspond to a DV video supported
|
|
profile, and on the framerate.
|
|
|
|
@subsection Example
|
|
Use @command{ffmpeg} to convert the input:
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -i INPUT -s:v 720x480 -pix_fmt yuv411p -r 29.97 -ac 2 -ar 48000 -y out.dv
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@anchor{fifo}
|
|
@section fifo
|
|
|
|
The fifo pseudo-muxer allows the separation of encoding and muxing by using
|
|
first-in-first-out queue and running the actual muxer in a separate thread. This
|
|
is especially useful in combination with the @ref{tee} muxer and can be used to
|
|
send data to several destinations with different reliability/writing speed/latency.
|
|
|
|
API users should be aware that callback functions (interrupt_callback,
|
|
io_open and io_close) used within its AVFormatContext must be thread-safe.
|
|
|
|
The behavior of the fifo muxer if the queue fills up or if the output fails is
|
|
selectable,
|
|
|
|
@itemize @bullet
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
output can be transparently restarted with configurable delay between retries
|
|
based on real time or time of the processed stream.
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
encoding can be blocked during temporary failure, or continue transparently
|
|
dropping packets in case fifo queue fills up.
|
|
|
|
@end itemize
|
|
|
|
@table @option
|
|
|
|
@item fifo_format
|
|
Specify the format name. Useful if it cannot be guessed from the
|
|
output name suffix.
|
|
|
|
@item queue_size
|
|
Specify size of the queue (number of packets). Default value is 60.
|
|
|
|
@item format_opts
|
|
Specify format options for the underlying muxer. Muxer options can be specified
|
|
as a list of @var{key}=@var{value} pairs separated by ':'.
|
|
|
|
@item drop_pkts_on_overflow @var{bool}
|
|
If set to 1 (true), in case the fifo queue fills up, packets will be dropped
|
|
rather than blocking the encoder. This makes it possible to continue streaming without
|
|
delaying the input, at the cost of omitting part of the stream. By default
|
|
this option is set to 0 (false), so in such cases the encoder will be blocked
|
|
until the muxer processes some of the packets and none of them is lost.
|
|
|
|
@item attempt_recovery @var{bool}
|
|
If failure occurs, attempt to recover the output. This is especially useful
|
|
when used with network output, since it makes it possible to restart streaming transparently.
|
|
By default this option is set to 0 (false).
|
|
|
|
@item max_recovery_attempts
|
|
Sets maximum number of successive unsuccessful recovery attempts after which
|
|
the output fails permanently. By default this option is set to 0 (unlimited).
|
|
|
|
@item recovery_wait_time @var{duration}
|
|
Waiting time before the next recovery attempt after previous unsuccessful
|
|
recovery attempt. Default value is 5 seconds.
|
|
|
|
@item recovery_wait_streamtime @var{bool}
|
|
If set to 0 (false), the real time is used when waiting for the recovery
|
|
attempt (i.e. the recovery will be attempted after at least
|
|
recovery_wait_time seconds).
|
|
If set to 1 (true), the time of the processed stream is taken into account
|
|
instead (i.e. the recovery will be attempted after at least @var{recovery_wait_time}
|
|
seconds of the stream is omitted).
|
|
By default, this option is set to 0 (false).
|
|
|
|
@item recover_any_error @var{bool}
|
|
If set to 1 (true), recovery will be attempted regardless of type of the error
|
|
causing the failure. By default this option is set to 0 (false) and in case of
|
|
certain (usually permanent) errors the recovery is not attempted even when
|
|
@var{attempt_recovery} is set to 1.
|
|
|
|
@item restart_with_keyframe @var{bool}
|
|
Specify whether to wait for the keyframe after recovering from
|
|
queue overflow or failure. This option is set to 0 (false) by default.
|
|
|
|
@item timeshift @var{duration}
|
|
Buffer the specified amount of packets and delay writing the output. Note that
|
|
@var{queue_size} must be big enough to store the packets for timeshift. At the
|
|
end of the input the fifo buffer is flushed at realtime speed.
|
|
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@subsection Examples
|
|
|
|
@itemize
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
Stream something to rtmp server, continue processing the stream at real-time
|
|
rate even in case of temporary failure (network outage) and attempt to recover
|
|
streaming every second indefinitely.
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -re -i ... -c:v libx264 -c:a aac -f fifo -fifo_format flv -map 0:v -map 0:a
|
|
-drop_pkts_on_overflow 1 -attempt_recovery 1 -recovery_wait_time 1 rtmp://example.com/live/stream_name
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@end itemize
|
|
|
|
@section flv
|
|
|
|
Adobe Flash Video Format muxer.
|
|
|
|
This muxer accepts the following options:
|
|
|
|
@table @option
|
|
|
|
@item flvflags @var{flags}
|
|
Possible values:
|
|
|
|
@table @samp
|
|
|
|
@item aac_seq_header_detect
|
|
Place AAC sequence header based on audio stream data.
|
|
|
|
@item no_sequence_end
|
|
Disable sequence end tag.
|
|
|
|
@item no_metadata
|
|
Disable metadata tag.
|
|
|
|
@item no_duration_filesize
|
|
Disable duration and filesize in metadata when they are equal to zero
|
|
at the end of stream. (Be used to non-seekable living stream).
|
|
|
|
@item add_keyframe_index
|
|
Used to facilitate seeking; particularly for HTTP pseudo streaming.
|
|
@end table
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@anchor{framecrc}
|
|
@section framecrc
|
|
|
|
Per-packet CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check) testing format.
|
|
|
|
This muxer computes and prints the Adler-32 CRC for each audio
|
|
and video packet. By default audio frames are converted to signed
|
|
16-bit raw audio and video frames to raw video before computing the
|
|
CRC.
|
|
|
|
The output of the muxer consists of a line for each audio and video
|
|
packet of the form:
|
|
@example
|
|
@var{stream_index}, @var{packet_dts}, @var{packet_pts}, @var{packet_duration}, @var{packet_size}, 0x@var{CRC}
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@var{CRC} is a hexadecimal number 0-padded to 8 digits containing the
|
|
CRC of the packet.
|
|
|
|
@subsection Examples
|
|
|
|
For example to compute the CRC of the audio and video frames in
|
|
@file{INPUT}, converted to raw audio and video packets, and store it
|
|
in the file @file{out.crc}:
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -i INPUT -f framecrc out.crc
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
To print the information to stdout, use the command:
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -i INPUT -f framecrc -
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
With @command{ffmpeg}, you can select the output format to which the
|
|
audio and video frames are encoded before computing the CRC for each
|
|
packet by specifying the audio and video codec. For example, to
|
|
compute the CRC of each decoded input audio frame converted to PCM
|
|
unsigned 8-bit and of each decoded input video frame converted to
|
|
MPEG-2 video, use the command:
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -i INPUT -c:a pcm_u8 -c:v mpeg2video -f framecrc -
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
See also the @ref{crc} muxer.
|
|
|
|
@anchor{framehash}
|
|
@section framehash
|
|
|
|
Per-packet hash testing format.
|
|
|
|
This muxer computes and prints a cryptographic hash for each audio
|
|
and video packet. This can be used for packet-by-packet equality
|
|
checks without having to individually do a binary comparison on each.
|
|
|
|
By default audio frames are converted to signed 16-bit raw audio and
|
|
video frames to raw video before computing the hash, but the output
|
|
of explicit conversions to other codecs can also be used. It uses the
|
|
SHA-256 cryptographic hash function by default, but supports several
|
|
other algorithms.
|
|
|
|
The output of the muxer consists of a line for each audio and video
|
|
packet of the form:
|
|
@example
|
|
@var{stream_index}, @var{packet_dts}, @var{packet_pts}, @var{packet_duration}, @var{packet_size}, @var{hash}
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@var{hash} is a hexadecimal number representing the computed hash
|
|
for the packet.
|
|
|
|
@table @option
|
|
@item hash @var{algorithm}
|
|
Use the cryptographic hash function specified by the string @var{algorithm}.
|
|
Supported values include @code{MD5}, @code{murmur3}, @code{RIPEMD128},
|
|
@code{RIPEMD160}, @code{RIPEMD256}, @code{RIPEMD320}, @code{SHA160},
|
|
@code{SHA224}, @code{SHA256} (default), @code{SHA512/224}, @code{SHA512/256},
|
|
@code{SHA384}, @code{SHA512}, @code{CRC32} and @code{adler32}.
|
|
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@subsection Examples
|
|
|
|
To compute the SHA-256 hash of the audio and video frames in @file{INPUT},
|
|
converted to raw audio and video packets, and store it in the file
|
|
@file{out.sha256}:
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -i INPUT -f framehash out.sha256
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
To print the information to stdout, using the MD5 hash function, use
|
|
the command:
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -i INPUT -f framehash -hash md5 -
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
See also the @ref{hash} muxer.
|
|
|
|
@anchor{framemd5}
|
|
@section framemd5
|
|
|
|
Per-packet MD5 testing format.
|
|
|
|
This is a variant of the @ref{framehash} muxer. Unlike that muxer,
|
|
it defaults to using the MD5 hash function.
|
|
|
|
@subsection Examples
|
|
|
|
To compute the MD5 hash of the audio and video frames in @file{INPUT},
|
|
converted to raw audio and video packets, and store it in the file
|
|
@file{out.md5}:
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -i INPUT -f framemd5 out.md5
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
To print the information to stdout, use the command:
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -i INPUT -f framemd5 -
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
See also the @ref{framehash} and @ref{md5} muxers.
|
|
|
|
@anchor{gif}
|
|
@section gif
|
|
|
|
Animated GIF muxer.
|
|
|
|
It accepts the following options:
|
|
|
|
@table @option
|
|
@item loop
|
|
Set the number of times to loop the output. Use @code{-1} for no loop, @code{0}
|
|
for looping indefinitely (default).
|
|
|
|
@item final_delay
|
|
Force the delay (expressed in centiseconds) after the last frame. Each frame
|
|
ends with a delay until the next frame. The default is @code{-1}, which is a
|
|
special value to tell the muxer to re-use the previous delay. In case of a
|
|
loop, you might want to customize this value to mark a pause for instance.
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
For example, to encode a gif looping 10 times, with a 5 seconds delay between
|
|
the loops:
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -i INPUT -loop 10 -final_delay 500 out.gif
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
Note 1: if you wish to extract the frames into separate GIF files, you need to
|
|
force the @ref{image2} muxer:
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -i INPUT -c:v gif -f image2 "out%d.gif"
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
Note 2: the GIF format has a very large time base: the delay between two frames
|
|
can therefore not be smaller than one centi second.
|
|
|
|
@anchor{hash}
|
|
@section hash
|
|
|
|
Hash testing format.
|
|
|
|
This muxer computes and prints a cryptographic hash of all the input
|
|
audio and video frames. This can be used for equality checks without
|
|
having to do a complete binary comparison.
|
|
|
|
By default audio frames are converted to signed 16-bit raw audio and
|
|
video frames to raw video before computing the hash, but the output
|
|
of explicit conversions to other codecs can also be used. Timestamps
|
|
are ignored. It uses the SHA-256 cryptographic hash function by default,
|
|
but supports several other algorithms.
|
|
|
|
The output of the muxer consists of a single line of the form:
|
|
@var{algo}=@var{hash}, where @var{algo} is a short string representing
|
|
the hash function used, and @var{hash} is a hexadecimal number
|
|
representing the computed hash.
|
|
|
|
@table @option
|
|
@item hash @var{algorithm}
|
|
Use the cryptographic hash function specified by the string @var{algorithm}.
|
|
Supported values include @code{MD5}, @code{murmur3}, @code{RIPEMD128},
|
|
@code{RIPEMD160}, @code{RIPEMD256}, @code{RIPEMD320}, @code{SHA160},
|
|
@code{SHA224}, @code{SHA256} (default), @code{SHA512/224}, @code{SHA512/256},
|
|
@code{SHA384}, @code{SHA512}, @code{CRC32} and @code{adler32}.
|
|
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@subsection Examples
|
|
|
|
To compute the SHA-256 hash of the input converted to raw audio and
|
|
video, and store it in the file @file{out.sha256}:
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -i INPUT -f hash out.sha256
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
To print an MD5 hash to stdout use the command:
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -i INPUT -f hash -hash md5 -
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
See also the @ref{framehash} muxer.
|
|
|
|
@anchor{hls}
|
|
@section hls
|
|
|
|
Apple HTTP Live Streaming muxer that segments MPEG-TS according to
|
|
the HTTP Live Streaming (HLS) specification.
|
|
|
|
It creates a playlist file, and one or more segment files. The output filename
|
|
specifies the playlist filename.
|
|
|
|
By default, the muxer creates a file for each segment produced. These files
|
|
have the same name as the playlist, followed by a sequential number and a
|
|
.ts extension.
|
|
|
|
Make sure to require a closed GOP when encoding and to set the GOP
|
|
size to fit your segment time constraint.
|
|
|
|
For example, to convert an input file with @command{ffmpeg}:
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -i in.mkv -c:v h264 -flags +cgop -g 30 -hls_time 1 out.m3u8
|
|
@end example
|
|
This example will produce the playlist, @file{out.m3u8}, and segment files:
|
|
@file{out0.ts}, @file{out1.ts}, @file{out2.ts}, etc.
|
|
|
|
See also the @ref{segment} muxer, which provides a more generic and
|
|
flexible implementation of a segmenter, and can be used to perform HLS
|
|
segmentation.
|
|
|
|
@subsection Options
|
|
|
|
This muxer supports the following options:
|
|
|
|
@table @option
|
|
@item hls_init_time @var{duration}
|
|
Set the initial target segment length. Default value is @var{0}.
|
|
|
|
@var{duration} must be a time duration specification,
|
|
see @ref{time duration syntax,,the Time duration section in the ffmpeg-utils(1) manual,ffmpeg-utils}.
|
|
|
|
Segment will be cut on the next key frame after this time has passed on the first m3u8 list.
|
|
After the initial playlist is filled @command{ffmpeg} will cut segments
|
|
at duration equal to @code{hls_time}
|
|
|
|
@item hls_time @var{duration}
|
|
Set the target segment length. Default value is 2.
|
|
|
|
@var{duration} must be a time duration specification,
|
|
see @ref{time duration syntax,,the Time duration section in the ffmpeg-utils(1) manual,ffmpeg-utils}.
|
|
Segment will be cut on the next key frame after this time has passed.
|
|
|
|
@item hls_list_size @var{size}
|
|
Set the maximum number of playlist entries. If set to 0 the list file
|
|
will contain all the segments. Default value is 5.
|
|
|
|
@item hls_delete_threshold @var{size}
|
|
Set the number of unreferenced segments to keep on disk before @code{hls_flags delete_segments}
|
|
deletes them. Increase this to allow continue clients to download segments which
|
|
were recently referenced in the playlist. Default value is 1, meaning segments older than
|
|
@code{hls_list_size+1} will be deleted.
|
|
|
|
@item hls_start_number_source
|
|
Start the playlist sequence number (@code{#EXT-X-MEDIA-SEQUENCE}) according to the specified source.
|
|
Unless @code{hls_flags single_file} is set, it also specifies source of starting sequence numbers of
|
|
segment and subtitle filenames. In any case, if @code{hls_flags append_list}
|
|
is set and read playlist sequence number is greater than the specified start sequence number,
|
|
then that value will be used as start value.
|
|
|
|
It accepts the following values:
|
|
|
|
@table @option
|
|
|
|
@item generic (default)
|
|
Set the starting sequence numbers according to @var{start_number} option value.
|
|
|
|
@item epoch
|
|
The start number will be the seconds since epoch (1970-01-01 00:00:00)
|
|
|
|
@item epoch_us
|
|
The start number will be the microseconds since epoch (1970-01-01 00:00:00)
|
|
|
|
@item datetime
|
|
The start number will be based on the current date/time as YYYYmmddHHMMSS. e.g. 20161231235759.
|
|
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@item start_number @var{number}
|
|
Start the playlist sequence number (@code{#EXT-X-MEDIA-SEQUENCE}) from the specified @var{number}
|
|
when @var{hls_start_number_source} value is @var{generic}. (This is the default case.)
|
|
Unless @code{hls_flags single_file} is set, it also specifies starting sequence numbers of segment and subtitle filenames.
|
|
Default value is 0.
|
|
|
|
@item hls_allow_cache @var{allowcache}
|
|
Explicitly set whether the client MAY (1) or MUST NOT (0) cache media segments.
|
|
|
|
@item hls_base_url @var{baseurl}
|
|
Append @var{baseurl} to every entry in the playlist.
|
|
Useful to generate playlists with absolute paths.
|
|
|
|
Note that the playlist sequence number must be unique for each segment
|
|
and it is not to be confused with the segment filename sequence number
|
|
which can be cyclic, for example if the @option{wrap} option is
|
|
specified.
|
|
|
|
@item hls_segment_filename @var{filename}
|
|
Set the segment filename. Unless @code{hls_flags single_file} is set,
|
|
@var{filename} is used as a string format with the segment number:
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -i in.nut -hls_segment_filename 'file%03d.ts' out.m3u8
|
|
@end example
|
|
This example will produce the playlist, @file{out.m3u8}, and segment files:
|
|
@file{file000.ts}, @file{file001.ts}, @file{file002.ts}, etc.
|
|
|
|
@var{filename} may contain full path or relative path specification,
|
|
but only the file name part without any path info will be contained in the m3u8 segment list.
|
|
Should a relative path be specified, the path of the created segment
|
|
files will be relative to the current working directory.
|
|
When strftime_mkdir is set, the whole expanded value of @var{filename} will be written into the m3u8 segment list.
|
|
|
|
When @code{var_stream_map} is set with two or more variant streams, the
|
|
@var{filename} pattern must contain the string "%v", this string specifies
|
|
the position of variant stream index in the generated segment file names.
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -i in.ts -b:v:0 1000k -b:v:1 256k -b:a:0 64k -b:a:1 32k \
|
|
-map 0:v -map 0:a -map 0:v -map 0:a -f hls -var_stream_map "v:0,a:0 v:1,a:1" \
|
|
-hls_segment_filename 'file_%v_%03d.ts' out_%v.m3u8
|
|
@end example
|
|
This example will produce the playlists segment file sets:
|
|
@file{file_0_000.ts}, @file{file_0_001.ts}, @file{file_0_002.ts}, etc. and
|
|
@file{file_1_000.ts}, @file{file_1_001.ts}, @file{file_1_002.ts}, etc.
|
|
|
|
The string "%v" may be present in the filename or in the last directory name
|
|
containing the file, but only in one of them. (Additionally, %v may appear multiple times in the last
|
|
sub-directory or filename.) If the string %v is present in the directory name, then
|
|
sub-directories are created after expanding the directory name pattern. This
|
|
enables creation of segments corresponding to different variant streams in
|
|
subdirectories.
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -i in.ts -b:v:0 1000k -b:v:1 256k -b:a:0 64k -b:a:1 32k \
|
|
-map 0:v -map 0:a -map 0:v -map 0:a -f hls -var_stream_map "v:0,a:0 v:1,a:1" \
|
|
-hls_segment_filename 'vs%v/file_%03d.ts' vs%v/out.m3u8
|
|
@end example
|
|
This example will produce the playlists segment file sets:
|
|
@file{vs0/file_000.ts}, @file{vs0/file_001.ts}, @file{vs0/file_002.ts}, etc. and
|
|
@file{vs1/file_000.ts}, @file{vs1/file_001.ts}, @file{vs1/file_002.ts}, etc.
|
|
|
|
@item strftime
|
|
Use strftime() on @var{filename} to expand the segment filename with localtime.
|
|
The segment number is also available in this mode, but to use it, you need to specify second_level_segment_index
|
|
hls_flag and %%d will be the specifier.
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -i in.nut -strftime 1 -hls_segment_filename 'file-%Y%m%d-%s.ts' out.m3u8
|
|
@end example
|
|
This example will produce the playlist, @file{out.m3u8}, and segment files:
|
|
@file{file-20160215-1455569023.ts}, @file{file-20160215-1455569024.ts}, etc.
|
|
Note: On some systems/environments, the @code{%s} specifier is not available. See
|
|
@code{strftime()} documentation.
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -i in.nut -strftime 1 -hls_flags second_level_segment_index -hls_segment_filename 'file-%Y%m%d-%%04d.ts' out.m3u8
|
|
@end example
|
|
This example will produce the playlist, @file{out.m3u8}, and segment files:
|
|
@file{file-20160215-0001.ts}, @file{file-20160215-0002.ts}, etc.
|
|
|
|
@item strftime_mkdir
|
|
Used together with -strftime_mkdir, it will create all subdirectories which
|
|
is expanded in @var{filename}.
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -i in.nut -strftime 1 -strftime_mkdir 1 -hls_segment_filename '%Y%m%d/file-%Y%m%d-%s.ts' out.m3u8
|
|
@end example
|
|
This example will create a directory 201560215 (if it does not exist), and then
|
|
produce the playlist, @file{out.m3u8}, and segment files:
|
|
@file{20160215/file-20160215-1455569023.ts}, @file{20160215/file-20160215-1455569024.ts}, etc.
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -i in.nut -strftime 1 -strftime_mkdir 1 -hls_segment_filename '%Y/%m/%d/file-%Y%m%d-%s.ts' out.m3u8
|
|
@end example
|
|
This example will create a directory hierarchy 2016/02/15 (if any of them do not exist), and then
|
|
produce the playlist, @file{out.m3u8}, and segment files:
|
|
@file{2016/02/15/file-20160215-1455569023.ts}, @file{2016/02/15/file-20160215-1455569024.ts}, etc.
|
|
|
|
@item hls_segment_options @var{options_list}
|
|
Set output format options using a :-separated list of key=value
|
|
parameters. Values containing @code{:} special characters must be
|
|
escaped.
|
|
|
|
@item hls_key_info_file @var{key_info_file}
|
|
Use the information in @var{key_info_file} for segment encryption. The first
|
|
line of @var{key_info_file} specifies the key URI written to the playlist. The
|
|
key URL is used to access the encryption key during playback. The second line
|
|
specifies the path to the key file used to obtain the key during the encryption
|
|
process. The key file is read as a single packed array of 16 octets in binary
|
|
format. The optional third line specifies the initialization vector (IV) as a
|
|
hexadecimal string to be used instead of the segment sequence number (default)
|
|
for encryption. Changes to @var{key_info_file} will result in segment
|
|
encryption with the new key/IV and an entry in the playlist for the new key
|
|
URI/IV if @code{hls_flags periodic_rekey} is enabled.
|
|
|
|
Key info file format:
|
|
@example
|
|
@var{key URI}
|
|
@var{key file path}
|
|
@var{IV} (optional)
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
Example key URIs:
|
|
@example
|
|
http://server/file.key
|
|
/path/to/file.key
|
|
file.key
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
Example key file paths:
|
|
@example
|
|
file.key
|
|
/path/to/file.key
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
Example IV:
|
|
@example
|
|
0123456789ABCDEF0123456789ABCDEF
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
Key info file example:
|
|
@example
|
|
http://server/file.key
|
|
/path/to/file.key
|
|
0123456789ABCDEF0123456789ABCDEF
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
Example shell script:
|
|
@example
|
|
#!/bin/sh
|
|
BASE_URL=$@{1:-'.'@}
|
|
openssl rand 16 > file.key
|
|
echo $BASE_URL/file.key > file.keyinfo
|
|
echo file.key >> file.keyinfo
|
|
echo $(openssl rand -hex 16) >> file.keyinfo
|
|
ffmpeg -f lavfi -re -i testsrc -c:v h264 -hls_flags delete_segments \
|
|
-hls_key_info_file file.keyinfo out.m3u8
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@item -hls_enc @var{enc}
|
|
Enable (1) or disable (0) the AES128 encryption.
|
|
When enabled every segment generated is encrypted and the encryption key
|
|
is saved as @var{playlist name}.key.
|
|
|
|
@item -hls_enc_key @var{key}
|
|
16-octet key to encrypt the segments, by default it
|
|
is randomly generated.
|
|
|
|
@item -hls_enc_key_url @var{keyurl}
|
|
If set, @var{keyurl} is prepended instead of @var{baseurl} to the key filename
|
|
in the playlist.
|
|
|
|
@item -hls_enc_iv @var{iv}
|
|
16-octet initialization vector for every segment instead
|
|
of the autogenerated ones.
|
|
|
|
@item hls_segment_type @var{flags}
|
|
Possible values:
|
|
|
|
@table @samp
|
|
@item mpegts
|
|
Output segment files in MPEG-2 Transport Stream format. This is
|
|
compatible with all HLS versions.
|
|
|
|
@item fmp4
|
|
Output segment files in fragmented MP4 format, similar to MPEG-DASH.
|
|
fmp4 files may be used in HLS version 7 and above.
|
|
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@item hls_fmp4_init_filename @var{filename}
|
|
Set filename to the fragment files header file, default filename is @file{init.mp4}.
|
|
|
|
Use @code{-strftime 1} on @var{filename} to expand the segment filename with localtime.
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -i in.nut -hls_segment_type fmp4 -strftime 1 -hls_fmp4_init_filename "%s_init.mp4" out.m3u8
|
|
@end example
|
|
This will produce init like this
|
|
@file{1602678741_init.mp4}
|
|
|
|
@item hls_fmp4_init_resend
|
|
Resend init file after m3u8 file refresh every time, default is @var{0}.
|
|
|
|
When @code{var_stream_map} is set with two or more variant streams, the
|
|
@var{filename} pattern must contain the string "%v", this string specifies
|
|
the position of variant stream index in the generated init file names.
|
|
The string "%v" may be present in the filename or in the last directory name
|
|
containing the file. If the string is present in the directory name, then
|
|
sub-directories are created after expanding the directory name pattern. This
|
|
enables creation of init files corresponding to different variant streams in
|
|
subdirectories.
|
|
|
|
@item hls_flags @var{flags}
|
|
Possible values:
|
|
|
|
@table @samp
|
|
@item single_file
|
|
If this flag is set, the muxer will store all segments in a single MPEG-TS
|
|
file, and will use byte ranges in the playlist. HLS playlists generated with
|
|
this way will have the version number 4.
|
|
For example:
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -i in.nut -hls_flags single_file out.m3u8
|
|
@end example
|
|
Will produce the playlist, @file{out.m3u8}, and a single segment file,
|
|
@file{out.ts}.
|
|
|
|
@item delete_segments
|
|
Segment files removed from the playlist are deleted after a period of time
|
|
equal to the duration of the segment plus the duration of the playlist.
|
|
|
|
@item append_list
|
|
Append new segments into the end of old segment list,
|
|
and remove the @code{#EXT-X-ENDLIST} from the old segment list.
|
|
|
|
@item round_durations
|
|
Round the duration info in the playlist file segment info to integer
|
|
values, instead of using floating point.
|
|
If there are no other features requiring higher HLS versions be used,
|
|
then this will allow ffmpeg to output a HLS version 2 m3u8.
|
|
|
|
@item discont_start
|
|
Add the @code{#EXT-X-DISCONTINUITY} tag to the playlist, before the
|
|
first segment's information.
|
|
|
|
@item omit_endlist
|
|
Do not append the @code{EXT-X-ENDLIST} tag at the end of the playlist.
|
|
|
|
@item periodic_rekey
|
|
The file specified by @code{hls_key_info_file} will be checked periodically and
|
|
detect updates to the encryption info. Be sure to replace this file atomically,
|
|
including the file containing the AES encryption key.
|
|
|
|
@item independent_segments
|
|
Add the @code{#EXT-X-INDEPENDENT-SEGMENTS} to playlists that has video segments
|
|
and when all the segments of that playlist are guaranteed to start with a Key frame.
|
|
|
|
@item iframes_only
|
|
Add the @code{#EXT-X-I-FRAMES-ONLY} to playlists that has video segments
|
|
and can play only I-frames in the @code{#EXT-X-BYTERANGE} mode.
|
|
|
|
@item split_by_time
|
|
Allow segments to start on frames other than keyframes. This improves
|
|
behavior on some players when the time between keyframes is inconsistent,
|
|
but may make things worse on others, and can cause some oddities during
|
|
seeking. This flag should be used with the @code{hls_time} option.
|
|
|
|
@item program_date_time
|
|
Generate @code{EXT-X-PROGRAM-DATE-TIME} tags.
|
|
|
|
@item second_level_segment_index
|
|
Makes it possible to use segment indexes as %%d in hls_segment_filename expression
|
|
besides date/time values when strftime is on.
|
|
To get fixed width numbers with trailing zeroes, %%0xd format is available where x is the required width.
|
|
|
|
@item second_level_segment_size
|
|
Makes it possible to use segment sizes (counted in bytes) as %%s in hls_segment_filename
|
|
expression besides date/time values when strftime is on.
|
|
To get fixed width numbers with trailing zeroes, %%0xs format is available where x is the required width.
|
|
|
|
@item second_level_segment_duration
|
|
Makes it possible to use segment duration (calculated in microseconds) as %%t in hls_segment_filename
|
|
expression besides date/time values when strftime is on.
|
|
To get fixed width numbers with trailing zeroes, %%0xt format is available where x is the required width.
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -i sample.mpeg \
|
|
-f hls -hls_time 3 -hls_list_size 5 \
|
|
-hls_flags second_level_segment_index+second_level_segment_size+second_level_segment_duration \
|
|
-strftime 1 -strftime_mkdir 1 -hls_segment_filename "segment_%Y%m%d%H%M%S_%%04d_%%08s_%%013t.ts" stream.m3u8
|
|
@end example
|
|
This will produce segments like this:
|
|
@file{segment_20170102194334_0003_00122200_0000003000000.ts}, @file{segment_20170102194334_0004_00120072_0000003000000.ts} etc.
|
|
|
|
@item temp_file
|
|
Write segment data to filename.tmp and rename to filename only once the segment is complete. A webserver
|
|
serving up segments can be configured to reject requests to *.tmp to prevent access to in-progress segments
|
|
before they have been added to the m3u8 playlist. This flag also affects how m3u8 playlist files are created.
|
|
If this flag is set, all playlist files will written into temporary file and renamed after they are complete, similarly as segments are handled.
|
|
But playlists with @code{file} protocol and with type (@code{hls_playlist_type}) other than @code{vod}
|
|
are always written into temporary file regardless of this flag. Master playlist files (@code{master_pl_name}), if any, with @code{file} protocol,
|
|
are always written into temporary file regardless of this flag if @code{master_pl_publish_rate} value is other than zero.
|
|
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@item hls_playlist_type event
|
|
Emit @code{#EXT-X-PLAYLIST-TYPE:EVENT} in the m3u8 header. Forces
|
|
@option{hls_list_size} to 0; the playlist can only be appended to.
|
|
|
|
@item hls_playlist_type vod
|
|
Emit @code{#EXT-X-PLAYLIST-TYPE:VOD} in the m3u8 header. Forces
|
|
@option{hls_list_size} to 0; the playlist must not change.
|
|
|
|
@item method
|
|
Use the given HTTP method to create the hls files.
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -re -i in.ts -f hls -method PUT http://example.com/live/out.m3u8
|
|
@end example
|
|
This example will upload all the mpegts segment files to the HTTP
|
|
server using the HTTP PUT method, and update the m3u8 files every
|
|
@code{refresh} times using the same method.
|
|
Note that the HTTP server must support the given method for uploading
|
|
files.
|
|
|
|
@item http_user_agent
|
|
Override User-Agent field in HTTP header. Applicable only for HTTP output.
|
|
|
|
@item var_stream_map
|
|
Map string which specifies how to group the audio, video and subtitle streams
|
|
into different variant streams. The variant stream groups are separated
|
|
by space.
|
|
Expected string format is like this "a:0,v:0 a:1,v:1 ....". Here a:, v:, s: are
|
|
the keys to specify audio, video and subtitle streams respectively.
|
|
Allowed values are 0 to 9 (limited just based on practical usage).
|
|
|
|
When there are two or more variant streams, the output filename pattern must
|
|
contain the string "%v", this string specifies the position of variant stream
|
|
index in the output media playlist filenames. The string "%v" may be present in
|
|
the filename or in the last directory name containing the file. If the string is
|
|
present in the directory name, then sub-directories are created after expanding
|
|
the directory name pattern. This enables creation of variant streams in
|
|
subdirectories.
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -re -i in.ts -b:v:0 1000k -b:v:1 256k -b:a:0 64k -b:a:1 32k \
|
|
-map 0:v -map 0:a -map 0:v -map 0:a -f hls -var_stream_map "v:0,a:0 v:1,a:1" \
|
|
http://example.com/live/out_%v.m3u8
|
|
@end example
|
|
This example creates two hls variant streams. The first variant stream will
|
|
contain video stream of bitrate 1000k and audio stream of bitrate 64k and the
|
|
second variant stream will contain video stream of bitrate 256k and audio
|
|
stream of bitrate 32k. Here, two media playlist with file names out_0.m3u8 and
|
|
out_1.m3u8 will be created. If you want something meaningful text instead of indexes
|
|
in result names, you may specify names for each or some of the variants
|
|
as in the following example.
|
|
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -re -i in.ts -b:v:0 1000k -b:v:1 256k -b:a:0 64k -b:a:1 32k \
|
|
-map 0:v -map 0:a -map 0:v -map 0:a -f hls -var_stream_map "v:0,a:0,name:my_hd v:1,a:1,name:my_sd" \
|
|
http://example.com/live/out_%v.m3u8
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
This example creates two hls variant streams as in the previous one.
|
|
But here, the two media playlist with file names out_my_hd.m3u8 and
|
|
out_my_sd.m3u8 will be created.
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -re -i in.ts -b:v:0 1000k -b:v:1 256k -b:a:0 64k \
|
|
-map 0:v -map 0:a -map 0:v -f hls -var_stream_map "v:0 a:0 v:1" \
|
|
http://example.com/live/out_%v.m3u8
|
|
@end example
|
|
This example creates three hls variant streams. The first variant stream will
|
|
be a video only stream with video bitrate 1000k, the second variant stream will
|
|
be an audio only stream with bitrate 64k and the third variant stream will be a
|
|
video only stream with bitrate 256k. Here, three media playlist with file names
|
|
out_0.m3u8, out_1.m3u8 and out_2.m3u8 will be created.
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -re -i in.ts -b:v:0 1000k -b:v:1 256k -b:a:0 64k -b:a:1 32k \
|
|
-map 0:v -map 0:a -map 0:v -map 0:a -f hls -var_stream_map "v:0,a:0 v:1,a:1" \
|
|
http://example.com/live/vs_%v/out.m3u8
|
|
@end example
|
|
This example creates the variant streams in subdirectories. Here, the first
|
|
media playlist is created at @file{http://example.com/live/vs_0/out.m3u8} and
|
|
the second one at @file{http://example.com/live/vs_1/out.m3u8}.
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -re -i in.ts -b:a:0 32k -b:a:1 64k -b:v:0 1000k -b:v:1 3000k \
|
|
-map 0:a -map 0:a -map 0:v -map 0:v -f hls \
|
|
-var_stream_map "a:0,agroup:aud_low a:1,agroup:aud_high v:0,agroup:aud_low v:1,agroup:aud_high" \
|
|
-master_pl_name master.m3u8 \
|
|
http://example.com/live/out_%v.m3u8
|
|
@end example
|
|
This example creates two audio only and two video only variant streams. In
|
|
addition to the #EXT-X-STREAM-INF tag for each variant stream in the master
|
|
playlist, #EXT-X-MEDIA tag is also added for the two audio only variant streams
|
|
and they are mapped to the two video only variant streams with audio group names
|
|
'aud_low' and 'aud_high'.
|
|
|
|
By default, a single hls variant containing all the encoded streams is created.
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -re -i in.ts -b:a:0 32k -b:a:1 64k -b:v:0 1000k \
|
|
-map 0:a -map 0:a -map 0:v -f hls \
|
|
-var_stream_map "a:0,agroup:aud_low,default:yes a:1,agroup:aud_low v:0,agroup:aud_low" \
|
|
-master_pl_name master.m3u8 \
|
|
http://example.com/live/out_%v.m3u8
|
|
@end example
|
|
This example creates two audio only and one video only variant streams. In
|
|
addition to the #EXT-X-STREAM-INF tag for each variant stream in the master
|
|
playlist, #EXT-X-MEDIA tag is also added for the two audio only variant streams
|
|
and they are mapped to the one video only variant streams with audio group name
|
|
'aud_low', and the audio group have default stat is NO or YES.
|
|
|
|
By default, a single hls variant containing all the encoded streams is created.
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -re -i in.ts -b:a:0 32k -b:a:1 64k -b:v:0 1000k \
|
|
-map 0:a -map 0:a -map 0:v -f hls \
|
|
-var_stream_map "a:0,agroup:aud_low,default:yes,language:ENG a:1,agroup:aud_low,language:CHN v:0,agroup:aud_low" \
|
|
-master_pl_name master.m3u8 \
|
|
http://example.com/live/out_%v.m3u8
|
|
@end example
|
|
This example creates two audio only and one video only variant streams. In
|
|
addition to the #EXT-X-STREAM-INF tag for each variant stream in the master
|
|
playlist, #EXT-X-MEDIA tag is also added for the two audio only variant streams
|
|
and they are mapped to the one video only variant streams with audio group name
|
|
'aud_low', and the audio group have default stat is NO or YES, and one audio
|
|
have and language is named ENG, the other audio language is named CHN.
|
|
|
|
By default, a single hls variant containing all the encoded streams is created.
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -y -i input_with_subtitle.mkv \
|
|
-b:v:0 5250k -c:v h264 -pix_fmt yuv420p -profile:v main -level 4.1 \
|
|
-b:a:0 256k \
|
|
-c:s webvtt -c:a mp2 -ar 48000 -ac 2 -map 0:v -map 0:a:0 -map 0:s:0 \
|
|
-f hls -var_stream_map "v:0,a:0,s:0,sgroup:subtitle" \
|
|
-master_pl_name master.m3u8 -t 300 -hls_time 10 -hls_init_time 4 -hls_list_size \
|
|
10 -master_pl_publish_rate 10 -hls_flags \
|
|
delete_segments+discont_start+split_by_time ./tmp/video.m3u8
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
This example adds @code{#EXT-X-MEDIA} tag with @code{TYPE=SUBTITLES} in
|
|
the master playlist with webvtt subtitle group name 'subtitle'. Please make sure
|
|
the input file has one text subtitle stream at least.
|
|
|
|
@item cc_stream_map
|
|
Map string which specifies different closed captions groups and their
|
|
attributes. The closed captions stream groups are separated by space.
|
|
Expected string format is like this
|
|
"ccgroup:<group name>,instreamid:<INSTREAM-ID>,language:<language code> ....".
|
|
'ccgroup' and 'instreamid' are mandatory attributes. 'language' is an optional
|
|
attribute.
|
|
The closed captions groups configured using this option are mapped to different
|
|
variant streams by providing the same 'ccgroup' name in the
|
|
@code{var_stream_map} string. If @code{var_stream_map} is not set, then the
|
|
first available ccgroup in @code{cc_stream_map} is mapped to the output variant
|
|
stream. The examples for these two use cases are given below.
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -re -i in.ts -b:v 1000k -b:a 64k -a53cc 1 -f hls \
|
|
-cc_stream_map "ccgroup:cc,instreamid:CC1,language:en" \
|
|
-master_pl_name master.m3u8 \
|
|
http://example.com/live/out.m3u8
|
|
@end example
|
|
This example adds @code{#EXT-X-MEDIA} tag with @code{TYPE=CLOSED-CAPTIONS} in
|
|
the master playlist with group name 'cc', language 'en' (english) and
|
|
INSTREAM-ID 'CC1'. Also, it adds @code{CLOSED-CAPTIONS} attribute with group
|
|
name 'cc' for the output variant stream.
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -re -i in.ts -b:v:0 1000k -b:v:1 256k -b:a:0 64k -b:a:1 32k \
|
|
-a53cc:0 1 -a53cc:1 1\
|
|
-map 0:v -map 0:a -map 0:v -map 0:a -f hls \
|
|
-cc_stream_map "ccgroup:cc,instreamid:CC1,language:en ccgroup:cc,instreamid:CC2,language:sp" \
|
|
-var_stream_map "v:0,a:0,ccgroup:cc v:1,a:1,ccgroup:cc" \
|
|
-master_pl_name master.m3u8 \
|
|
http://example.com/live/out_%v.m3u8
|
|
@end example
|
|
This example adds two @code{#EXT-X-MEDIA} tags with @code{TYPE=CLOSED-CAPTIONS} in
|
|
the master playlist for the INSTREAM-IDs 'CC1' and 'CC2'. Also, it adds
|
|
@code{CLOSED-CAPTIONS} attribute with group name 'cc' for the two output variant
|
|
streams.
|
|
|
|
@item master_pl_name
|
|
Create HLS master playlist with the given name.
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -re -i in.ts -f hls -master_pl_name master.m3u8 http://example.com/live/out.m3u8
|
|
@end example
|
|
This example creates HLS master playlist with name master.m3u8 and it is
|
|
published at http://example.com/live/
|
|
|
|
@item master_pl_publish_rate
|
|
Publish master play list repeatedly every after specified number of segment intervals.
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -re -i in.ts -f hls -master_pl_name master.m3u8 \
|
|
-hls_time 2 -master_pl_publish_rate 30 http://example.com/live/out.m3u8
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
This example creates HLS master playlist with name master.m3u8 and keep
|
|
publishing it repeatedly every after 30 segments i.e. every after 60s.
|
|
|
|
@item http_persistent
|
|
Use persistent HTTP connections. Applicable only for HTTP output.
|
|
|
|
@item timeout
|
|
Set timeout for socket I/O operations. Applicable only for HTTP output.
|
|
|
|
@item ignore_io_errors
|
|
Ignore IO errors during open, write and delete. Useful for long-duration runs with network output.
|
|
|
|
@item headers
|
|
Set custom HTTP headers, can override built in default headers. Applicable only for HTTP output.
|
|
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@anchor{ico}
|
|
@section ico
|
|
|
|
ICO file muxer.
|
|
|
|
Microsoft's icon file format (ICO) has some strict limitations that should be noted:
|
|
|
|
@itemize
|
|
@item
|
|
Size cannot exceed 256 pixels in any dimension
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
Only BMP and PNG images can be stored
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
If a BMP image is used, it must be one of the following pixel formats:
|
|
@example
|
|
BMP Bit Depth FFmpeg Pixel Format
|
|
1bit pal8
|
|
4bit pal8
|
|
8bit pal8
|
|
16bit rgb555le
|
|
24bit bgr24
|
|
32bit bgra
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
If a BMP image is used, it must use the BITMAPINFOHEADER DIB header
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
If a PNG image is used, it must use the rgba pixel format
|
|
@end itemize
|
|
|
|
@anchor{image2}
|
|
@section image2
|
|
Image file muxer.
|
|
|
|
The image file muxer writes video frames to image files.
|
|
|
|
The output filenames are specified by a pattern, which can be used to
|
|
produce sequentially numbered series of files.
|
|
The pattern may contain the string "%d" or "%0@var{N}d", this string
|
|
specifies the position of the characters representing a numbering in
|
|
the filenames. If the form "%0@var{N}d" is used, the string
|
|
representing the number in each filename is 0-padded to @var{N}
|
|
digits. The literal character '%' can be specified in the pattern with
|
|
the string "%%".
|
|
|
|
If the pattern contains "%d" or "%0@var{N}d", the first filename of
|
|
the file list specified will contain the number 1, all the following
|
|
numbers will be sequential.
|
|
|
|
The pattern may contain a suffix which is used to automatically
|
|
determine the format of the image files to write.
|
|
|
|
For example the pattern "img-%03d.bmp" will specify a sequence of
|
|
filenames of the form @file{img-001.bmp}, @file{img-002.bmp}, ...,
|
|
@file{img-010.bmp}, etc.
|
|
The pattern "img%%-%d.jpg" will specify a sequence of filenames of the
|
|
form @file{img%-1.jpg}, @file{img%-2.jpg}, ..., @file{img%-10.jpg},
|
|
etc.
|
|
|
|
The image muxer supports the .Y.U.V image file format. This format is
|
|
special in that each image frame consists of three files, for
|
|
each of the YUV420P components. To read or write this image file format,
|
|
specify the name of the '.Y' file. The muxer will automatically open the
|
|
'.U' and '.V' files as required.
|
|
|
|
@subsection Options
|
|
|
|
@table @option
|
|
@item frame_pts
|
|
If set to 1, expand the filename with pts from pkt->pts.
|
|
Default value is 0.
|
|
|
|
@item start_number
|
|
Start the sequence from the specified number. Default value is 1.
|
|
|
|
@item update
|
|
If set to 1, the filename will always be interpreted as just a
|
|
filename, not a pattern, and the corresponding file will be continuously
|
|
overwritten with new images. Default value is 0.
|
|
|
|
@item strftime
|
|
If set to 1, expand the filename with date and time information from
|
|
@code{strftime()}. Default value is 0.
|
|
|
|
@item atomic_writing
|
|
Write output to a temporary file, which is renamed to target filename once
|
|
writing is completed. Default is disabled.
|
|
|
|
@item protocol_opts @var{options_list}
|
|
Set protocol options as a :-separated list of key=value parameters. Values
|
|
containing the @code{:} special character must be escaped.
|
|
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@subsection Examples
|
|
|
|
The following example shows how to use @command{ffmpeg} for creating a
|
|
sequence of files @file{img-001.jpeg}, @file{img-002.jpeg}, ...,
|
|
taking one image every second from the input video:
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -i in.avi -vsync cfr -r 1 -f image2 'img-%03d.jpeg'
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
Note that with @command{ffmpeg}, if the format is not specified with the
|
|
@code{-f} option and the output filename specifies an image file
|
|
format, the image2 muxer is automatically selected, so the previous
|
|
command can be written as:
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -i in.avi -vsync cfr -r 1 'img-%03d.jpeg'
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
Note also that the pattern must not necessarily contain "%d" or
|
|
"%0@var{N}d", for example to create a single image file
|
|
@file{img.jpeg} from the start of the input video you can employ the command:
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -i in.avi -f image2 -frames:v 1 img.jpeg
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
The @option{strftime} option allows you to expand the filename with
|
|
date and time information. Check the documentation of
|
|
the @code{strftime()} function for the syntax.
|
|
|
|
For example to generate image files from the @code{strftime()}
|
|
"%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M-%S" pattern, the following @command{ffmpeg} command
|
|
can be used:
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -f v4l2 -r 1 -i /dev/video0 -f image2 -strftime 1 "%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M-%S.jpg"
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
You can set the file name with current frame's PTS:
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -f v4l2 -r 1 -i /dev/video0 -copyts -f image2 -frame_pts true %d.jpg
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
A more complex example is to publish contents of your desktop directly to a
|
|
WebDAV server every second:
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -f x11grab -framerate 1 -i :0.0 -q:v 6 -update 1 -protocol_opts method=PUT http://example.com/desktop.jpg
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@section matroska
|
|
|
|
Matroska container muxer.
|
|
|
|
This muxer implements the matroska and webm container specs.
|
|
|
|
@subsection Metadata
|
|
|
|
The recognized metadata settings in this muxer are:
|
|
|
|
@table @option
|
|
@item title
|
|
Set title name provided to a single track. This gets mapped to
|
|
the FileDescription element for a stream written as attachment.
|
|
|
|
@item language
|
|
Specify the language of the track in the Matroska languages form.
|
|
|
|
The language can be either the 3 letters bibliographic ISO-639-2 (ISO
|
|
639-2/B) form (like "fre" for French), or a language code mixed with a
|
|
country code for specialities in languages (like "fre-ca" for Canadian
|
|
French).
|
|
|
|
@item stereo_mode
|
|
Set stereo 3D video layout of two views in a single video track.
|
|
|
|
The following values are recognized:
|
|
@table @samp
|
|
@item mono
|
|
video is not stereo
|
|
@item left_right
|
|
Both views are arranged side by side, Left-eye view is on the left
|
|
@item bottom_top
|
|
Both views are arranged in top-bottom orientation, Left-eye view is at bottom
|
|
@item top_bottom
|
|
Both views are arranged in top-bottom orientation, Left-eye view is on top
|
|
@item checkerboard_rl
|
|
Each view is arranged in a checkerboard interleaved pattern, Left-eye view being first
|
|
@item checkerboard_lr
|
|
Each view is arranged in a checkerboard interleaved pattern, Right-eye view being first
|
|
@item row_interleaved_rl
|
|
Each view is constituted by a row based interleaving, Right-eye view is first row
|
|
@item row_interleaved_lr
|
|
Each view is constituted by a row based interleaving, Left-eye view is first row
|
|
@item col_interleaved_rl
|
|
Both views are arranged in a column based interleaving manner, Right-eye view is first column
|
|
@item col_interleaved_lr
|
|
Both views are arranged in a column based interleaving manner, Left-eye view is first column
|
|
@item anaglyph_cyan_red
|
|
All frames are in anaglyph format viewable through red-cyan filters
|
|
@item right_left
|
|
Both views are arranged side by side, Right-eye view is on the left
|
|
@item anaglyph_green_magenta
|
|
All frames are in anaglyph format viewable through green-magenta filters
|
|
@item block_lr
|
|
Both eyes laced in one Block, Left-eye view is first
|
|
@item block_rl
|
|
Both eyes laced in one Block, Right-eye view is first
|
|
@end table
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
For example a 3D WebM clip can be created using the following command line:
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -i sample_left_right_clip.mpg -an -c:v libvpx -metadata stereo_mode=left_right -y stereo_clip.webm
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@subsection Options
|
|
|
|
This muxer supports the following options:
|
|
|
|
@table @option
|
|
@item reserve_index_space
|
|
By default, this muxer writes the index for seeking (called cues in Matroska
|
|
terms) at the end of the file, because it cannot know in advance how much space
|
|
to leave for the index at the beginning of the file. However for some use cases
|
|
-- e.g. streaming where seeking is possible but slow -- it is useful to put the
|
|
index at the beginning of the file.
|
|
|
|
If this option is set to a non-zero value, the muxer will reserve a given amount
|
|
of space in the file header and then try to write the cues there when the muxing
|
|
finishes. If the reserved space does not suffice, no Cues will be written, the
|
|
file will be finalized and writing the trailer will return an error.
|
|
A safe size for most use cases should be about 50kB per hour of video.
|
|
|
|
Note that cues are only written if the output is seekable and this option will
|
|
have no effect if it is not.
|
|
|
|
@item cues_to_front
|
|
If set, the muxer will write the index at the beginning of the file
|
|
by shifting the main data if necessary. This can be combined with
|
|
reserve_index_space in which case the data is only shifted if
|
|
the initially reserved space turns out to be insufficient.
|
|
|
|
This option is ignored if the output is unseekable.
|
|
|
|
@item default_mode
|
|
This option controls how the FlagDefault of the output tracks will be set.
|
|
It influences which tracks players should play by default. The default mode
|
|
is @samp{passthrough}.
|
|
@table @samp
|
|
@item infer
|
|
Every track with disposition default will have the FlagDefault set.
|
|
Additionally, for each type of track (audio, video or subtitle), if no track
|
|
with disposition default of this type exists, then the first track of this type
|
|
will be marked as default (if existing). This ensures that the default flag
|
|
is set in a sensible way even if the input originated from containers that
|
|
lack the concept of default tracks.
|
|
@item infer_no_subs
|
|
This mode is the same as infer except that if no subtitle track with
|
|
disposition default exists, no subtitle track will be marked as default.
|
|
@item passthrough
|
|
In this mode the FlagDefault is set if and only if the AV_DISPOSITION_DEFAULT
|
|
flag is set in the disposition of the corresponding stream.
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@item flipped_raw_rgb
|
|
If set to true, store positive height for raw RGB bitmaps, which indicates
|
|
bitmap is stored bottom-up. Note that this option does not flip the bitmap
|
|
which has to be done manually beforehand, e.g. by using the vflip filter.
|
|
Default is @var{false} and indicates bitmap is stored top down.
|
|
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@anchor{md5}
|
|
@section md5
|
|
|
|
MD5 testing format.
|
|
|
|
This is a variant of the @ref{hash} muxer. Unlike that muxer, it
|
|
defaults to using the MD5 hash function.
|
|
|
|
@subsection Examples
|
|
|
|
To compute the MD5 hash of the input converted to raw
|
|
audio and video, and store it in the file @file{out.md5}:
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -i INPUT -f md5 out.md5
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
You can print the MD5 to stdout with the command:
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -i INPUT -f md5 -
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
See also the @ref{hash} and @ref{framemd5} muxers.
|
|
|
|
@section mp3
|
|
|
|
The MP3 muxer writes a raw MP3 stream with the following optional features:
|
|
@itemize @bullet
|
|
@item
|
|
An ID3v2 metadata header at the beginning (enabled by default). Versions 2.3 and
|
|
2.4 are supported, the @code{id3v2_version} private option controls which one is
|
|
used (3 or 4). Setting @code{id3v2_version} to 0 disables the ID3v2 header
|
|
completely.
|
|
|
|
The muxer supports writing attached pictures (APIC frames) to the ID3v2 header.
|
|
The pictures are supplied to the muxer in form of a video stream with a single
|
|
packet. There can be any number of those streams, each will correspond to a
|
|
single APIC frame. The stream metadata tags @var{title} and @var{comment} map
|
|
to APIC @var{description} and @var{picture type} respectively. See
|
|
@url{http://id3.org/id3v2.4.0-frames} for allowed picture types.
|
|
|
|
Note that the APIC frames must be written at the beginning, so the muxer will
|
|
buffer the audio frames until it gets all the pictures. It is therefore advised
|
|
to provide the pictures as soon as possible to avoid excessive buffering.
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
A Xing/LAME frame right after the ID3v2 header (if present). It is enabled by
|
|
default, but will be written only if the output is seekable. The
|
|
@code{write_xing} private option can be used to disable it. The frame contains
|
|
various information that may be useful to the decoder, like the audio duration
|
|
or encoder delay.
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
A legacy ID3v1 tag at the end of the file (disabled by default). It may be
|
|
enabled with the @code{write_id3v1} private option, but as its capabilities are
|
|
very limited, its usage is not recommended.
|
|
@end itemize
|
|
|
|
Examples:
|
|
|
|
Write an mp3 with an ID3v2.3 header and an ID3v1 footer:
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -i INPUT -id3v2_version 3 -write_id3v1 1 out.mp3
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
To attach a picture to an mp3 file select both the audio and the picture stream
|
|
with @code{map}:
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -i input.mp3 -i cover.png -c copy -map 0 -map 1
|
|
-metadata:s:v title="Album cover" -metadata:s:v comment="Cover (Front)" out.mp3
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
Write a "clean" MP3 without any extra features:
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -i input.wav -write_xing 0 -id3v2_version 0 out.mp3
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@section mpegts
|
|
|
|
MPEG transport stream muxer.
|
|
|
|
This muxer implements ISO 13818-1 and part of ETSI EN 300 468.
|
|
|
|
The recognized metadata settings in mpegts muxer are @code{service_provider}
|
|
and @code{service_name}. If they are not set the default for
|
|
@code{service_provider} is @samp{FFmpeg} and the default for
|
|
@code{service_name} is @samp{Service01}.
|
|
|
|
@subsection Options
|
|
|
|
The muxer options are:
|
|
|
|
@table @option
|
|
@item mpegts_transport_stream_id @var{integer}
|
|
Set the @samp{transport_stream_id}. This identifies a transponder in DVB.
|
|
Default is @code{0x0001}.
|
|
|
|
@item mpegts_original_network_id @var{integer}
|
|
Set the @samp{original_network_id}. This is unique identifier of a
|
|
network in DVB. Its main use is in the unique identification of a service
|
|
through the path @samp{Original_Network_ID, Transport_Stream_ID}. Default
|
|
is @code{0x0001}.
|
|
|
|
@item mpegts_service_id @var{integer}
|
|
Set the @samp{service_id}, also known as program in DVB. Default is
|
|
@code{0x0001}.
|
|
|
|
@item mpegts_service_type @var{integer}
|
|
Set the program @samp{service_type}. Default is @code{digital_tv}.
|
|
Accepts the following options:
|
|
@table @samp
|
|
@item hex_value
|
|
Any hexadecimal value between @code{0x01} and @code{0xff} as defined in
|
|
ETSI 300 468.
|
|
@item digital_tv
|
|
Digital TV service.
|
|
@item digital_radio
|
|
Digital Radio service.
|
|
@item teletext
|
|
Teletext service.
|
|
@item advanced_codec_digital_radio
|
|
Advanced Codec Digital Radio service.
|
|
@item mpeg2_digital_hdtv
|
|
MPEG2 Digital HDTV service.
|
|
@item advanced_codec_digital_sdtv
|
|
Advanced Codec Digital SDTV service.
|
|
@item advanced_codec_digital_hdtv
|
|
Advanced Codec Digital HDTV service.
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@item mpegts_pmt_start_pid @var{integer}
|
|
Set the first PID for PMTs. Default is @code{0x1000}, minimum is @code{0x0020},
|
|
maximum is @code{0x1ffa}. This option has no effect in m2ts mode where the PMT
|
|
PID is fixed @code{0x0100}.
|
|
|
|
@item mpegts_start_pid @var{integer}
|
|
Set the first PID for elementary streams. Default is @code{0x0100}, minimum is
|
|
@code{0x0020}, maximum is @code{0x1ffa}. This option has no effect in m2ts mode
|
|
where the elementary stream PIDs are fixed.
|
|
|
|
@item mpegts_m2ts_mode @var{boolean}
|
|
Enable m2ts mode if set to @code{1}. Default value is @code{-1} which
|
|
disables m2ts mode.
|
|
|
|
@item muxrate @var{integer}
|
|
Set a constant muxrate. Default is VBR.
|
|
|
|
@item pes_payload_size @var{integer}
|
|
Set minimum PES packet payload in bytes. Default is @code{2930}.
|
|
|
|
@item mpegts_flags @var{flags}
|
|
Set mpegts flags. Accepts the following options:
|
|
@table @samp
|
|
@item resend_headers
|
|
Reemit PAT/PMT before writing the next packet.
|
|
@item latm
|
|
Use LATM packetization for AAC.
|
|
@item pat_pmt_at_frames
|
|
Reemit PAT and PMT at each video frame.
|
|
@item system_b
|
|
Conform to System B (DVB) instead of System A (ATSC).
|
|
@item initial_discontinuity
|
|
Mark the initial packet of each stream as discontinuity.
|
|
@item nit
|
|
Emit NIT table.
|
|
@item omit_rai
|
|
Disable writing of random access indicator.
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@item mpegts_copyts @var{boolean}
|
|
Preserve original timestamps, if value is set to @code{1}. Default value
|
|
is @code{-1}, which results in shifting timestamps so that they start from 0.
|
|
|
|
@item omit_video_pes_length @var{boolean}
|
|
Omit the PES packet length for video packets. Default is @code{1} (true).
|
|
|
|
@item pcr_period @var{integer}
|
|
Override the default PCR retransmission time in milliseconds. Default is
|
|
@code{-1} which means that the PCR interval will be determined automatically:
|
|
20 ms is used for CBR streams, the highest multiple of the frame duration which
|
|
is less than 100 ms is used for VBR streams.
|
|
|
|
@item pat_period @var{duration}
|
|
Maximum time in seconds between PAT/PMT tables. Default is @code{0.1}.
|
|
|
|
@item sdt_period @var{duration}
|
|
Maximum time in seconds between SDT tables. Default is @code{0.5}.
|
|
|
|
@item nit_period @var{duration}
|
|
Maximum time in seconds between NIT tables. Default is @code{0.5}.
|
|
|
|
@item tables_version @var{integer}
|
|
Set PAT, PMT, SDT and NIT version (default @code{0}, valid values are from 0 to 31, inclusively).
|
|
This option allows updating stream structure so that standard consumer may
|
|
detect the change. To do so, reopen output @code{AVFormatContext} (in case of API
|
|
usage) or restart @command{ffmpeg} instance, cyclically changing
|
|
@option{tables_version} value:
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -i source1.ts -codec copy -f mpegts -tables_version 0 udp://1.1.1.1:1111
|
|
ffmpeg -i source2.ts -codec copy -f mpegts -tables_version 1 udp://1.1.1.1:1111
|
|
...
|
|
ffmpeg -i source3.ts -codec copy -f mpegts -tables_version 31 udp://1.1.1.1:1111
|
|
ffmpeg -i source1.ts -codec copy -f mpegts -tables_version 0 udp://1.1.1.1:1111
|
|
ffmpeg -i source2.ts -codec copy -f mpegts -tables_version 1 udp://1.1.1.1:1111
|
|
...
|
|
@end example
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@subsection Example
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -i file.mpg -c copy \
|
|
-mpegts_original_network_id 0x1122 \
|
|
-mpegts_transport_stream_id 0x3344 \
|
|
-mpegts_service_id 0x5566 \
|
|
-mpegts_pmt_start_pid 0x1500 \
|
|
-mpegts_start_pid 0x150 \
|
|
-metadata service_provider="Some provider" \
|
|
-metadata service_name="Some Channel" \
|
|
out.ts
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@section mxf, mxf_d10, mxf_opatom
|
|
|
|
MXF muxer.
|
|
|
|
@subsection Options
|
|
|
|
The muxer options are:
|
|
|
|
@table @option
|
|
@item store_user_comments @var{bool}
|
|
Set if user comments should be stored if available or never.
|
|
IRT D-10 does not allow user comments. The default is thus to write them for
|
|
mxf and mxf_opatom but not for mxf_d10
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@section null
|
|
|
|
Null muxer.
|
|
|
|
This muxer does not generate any output file, it is mainly useful for
|
|
testing or benchmarking purposes.
|
|
|
|
For example to benchmark decoding with @command{ffmpeg} you can use the
|
|
command:
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -benchmark -i INPUT -f null out.null
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
Note that the above command does not read or write the @file{out.null}
|
|
file, but specifying the output file is required by the @command{ffmpeg}
|
|
syntax.
|
|
|
|
Alternatively you can write the command as:
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -benchmark -i INPUT -f null -
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@section nut
|
|
|
|
@table @option
|
|
@item -syncpoints @var{flags}
|
|
Change the syncpoint usage in nut:
|
|
@table @option
|
|
@item @var{default} use the normal low-overhead seeking aids.
|
|
@item @var{none} do not use the syncpoints at all, reducing the overhead but making the stream non-seekable;
|
|
Use of this option is not recommended, as the resulting files are very damage
|
|
sensitive and seeking is not possible. Also in general the overhead from
|
|
syncpoints is negligible. Note, -@code{write_index} 0 can be used to disable
|
|
all growing data tables, allowing to mux endless streams with limited memory
|
|
and without these disadvantages.
|
|
@item @var{timestamped} extend the syncpoint with a wallclock field.
|
|
@end table
|
|
The @var{none} and @var{timestamped} flags are experimental.
|
|
@item -write_index @var{bool}
|
|
Write index at the end, the default is to write an index.
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -i INPUT -f_strict experimental -syncpoints none - | processor
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@section ogg
|
|
|
|
Ogg container muxer.
|
|
|
|
@table @option
|
|
@item -page_duration @var{duration}
|
|
Preferred page duration, in microseconds. The muxer will attempt to create
|
|
pages that are approximately @var{duration} microseconds long. This allows the
|
|
user to compromise between seek granularity and container overhead. The default
|
|
is 1 second. A value of 0 will fill all segments, making pages as large as
|
|
possible. A value of 1 will effectively use 1 packet-per-page in most
|
|
situations, giving a small seek granularity at the cost of additional container
|
|
overhead.
|
|
@item -serial_offset @var{value}
|
|
Serial value from which to set the streams serial number.
|
|
Setting it to different and sufficiently large values ensures that the produced
|
|
ogg files can be safely chained.
|
|
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@anchor{rcwt}
|
|
@section rcwt
|
|
|
|
Raw Captions With Time (RCWT) is a format native to ccextractor, a commonly
|
|
used open source tool for processing 608/708 closed caption (CC) sources.
|
|
It can be used to archive the original, raw CC bitstream and to produce
|
|
a source file for later CC processing or conversion. As a result,
|
|
it also allows for interopability with ccextractor for processing CC data
|
|
extracted via ffmpeg. The format is simple to parse and can be used
|
|
to retain all lines and variants of CC.
|
|
|
|
This muxer implements the specification as of 2024-01-05, which has
|
|
been stable and unchanged for 10 years as of this writing.
|
|
|
|
This muxer will have some nuances from the way that ccextractor muxes RCWT.
|
|
No compatibility issues when processing the output with ccextractor
|
|
have been observed as a result of this so far, but mileage may vary
|
|
and outputs will not be a bit-exact match.
|
|
|
|
A free specification of RCWT can be found here:
|
|
@url{https://github.com/CCExtractor/ccextractor/blob/master/docs/BINARY_FILE_FORMAT.TXT}
|
|
|
|
@anchor{segment}
|
|
@section segment, stream_segment, ssegment
|
|
|
|
Basic stream segmenter.
|
|
|
|
This muxer outputs streams to a number of separate files of nearly
|
|
fixed duration. Output filename pattern can be set in a fashion
|
|
similar to @ref{image2}, or by using a @code{strftime} template if
|
|
the @option{strftime} option is enabled.
|
|
|
|
@code{stream_segment} is a variant of the muxer used to write to
|
|
streaming output formats, i.e. which do not require global headers,
|
|
and is recommended for outputting e.g. to MPEG transport stream segments.
|
|
@code{ssegment} is a shorter alias for @code{stream_segment}.
|
|
|
|
Every segment starts with a keyframe of the selected reference stream,
|
|
which is set through the @option{reference_stream} option.
|
|
|
|
Note that if you want accurate splitting for a video file, you need to
|
|
make the input key frames correspond to the exact splitting times
|
|
expected by the segmenter, or the segment muxer will start the new
|
|
segment with the key frame found next after the specified start
|
|
time.
|
|
|
|
The segment muxer works best with a single constant frame rate video.
|
|
|
|
Optionally it can generate a list of the created segments, by setting
|
|
the option @var{segment_list}. The list type is specified by the
|
|
@var{segment_list_type} option. The entry filenames in the segment
|
|
list are set by default to the basename of the corresponding segment
|
|
files.
|
|
|
|
See also the @ref{hls} muxer, which provides a more specific
|
|
implementation for HLS segmentation.
|
|
|
|
@subsection Options
|
|
|
|
The segment muxer supports the following options:
|
|
|
|
@table @option
|
|
@item increment_tc @var{1|0}
|
|
if set to @code{1}, increment timecode between each segment
|
|
If this is selected, the input need to have
|
|
a timecode in the first video stream. Default value is
|
|
@code{0}.
|
|
|
|
@item reference_stream @var{specifier}
|
|
Set the reference stream, as specified by the string @var{specifier}.
|
|
If @var{specifier} is set to @code{auto}, the reference is chosen
|
|
automatically. Otherwise it must be a stream specifier (see the ``Stream
|
|
specifiers'' chapter in the ffmpeg manual) which specifies the
|
|
reference stream. The default value is @code{auto}.
|
|
|
|
@item segment_format @var{format}
|
|
Override the inner container format, by default it is guessed by the filename
|
|
extension.
|
|
|
|
@item segment_format_options @var{options_list}
|
|
Set output format options using a :-separated list of key=value
|
|
parameters. Values containing the @code{:} special character must be
|
|
escaped.
|
|
|
|
@item segment_list @var{name}
|
|
Generate also a listfile named @var{name}. If not specified no
|
|
listfile is generated.
|
|
|
|
@item segment_list_flags @var{flags}
|
|
Set flags affecting the segment list generation.
|
|
|
|
It currently supports the following flags:
|
|
@table @samp
|
|
@item cache
|
|
Allow caching (only affects M3U8 list files).
|
|
|
|
@item live
|
|
Allow live-friendly file generation.
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@item segment_list_size @var{size}
|
|
Update the list file so that it contains at most @var{size}
|
|
segments. If 0 the list file will contain all the segments. Default
|
|
value is 0.
|
|
|
|
@item segment_list_entry_prefix @var{prefix}
|
|
Prepend @var{prefix} to each entry. Useful to generate absolute paths.
|
|
By default no prefix is applied.
|
|
|
|
@item segment_list_type @var{type}
|
|
Select the listing format.
|
|
|
|
The following values are recognized:
|
|
@table @samp
|
|
@item flat
|
|
Generate a flat list for the created segments, one segment per line.
|
|
|
|
@item csv, ext
|
|
Generate a list for the created segments, one segment per line,
|
|
each line matching the format (comma-separated values):
|
|
@example
|
|
@var{segment_filename},@var{segment_start_time},@var{segment_end_time}
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@var{segment_filename} is the name of the output file generated by the
|
|
muxer according to the provided pattern. CSV escaping (according to
|
|
RFC4180) is applied if required.
|
|
|
|
@var{segment_start_time} and @var{segment_end_time} specify
|
|
the segment start and end time expressed in seconds.
|
|
|
|
A list file with the suffix @code{".csv"} or @code{".ext"} will
|
|
auto-select this format.
|
|
|
|
@samp{ext} is deprecated in favor or @samp{csv}.
|
|
|
|
@item ffconcat
|
|
Generate an ffconcat file for the created segments. The resulting file
|
|
can be read using the FFmpeg @ref{concat} demuxer.
|
|
|
|
A list file with the suffix @code{".ffcat"} or @code{".ffconcat"} will
|
|
auto-select this format.
|
|
|
|
@item m3u8
|
|
Generate an extended M3U8 file, version 3, compliant with
|
|
@url{http://tools.ietf.org/id/draft-pantos-http-live-streaming}.
|
|
|
|
A list file with the suffix @code{".m3u8"} will auto-select this format.
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
If not specified the type is guessed from the list file name suffix.
|
|
|
|
@item segment_time @var{time}
|
|
Set segment duration to @var{time}, the value must be a duration
|
|
specification. Default value is "2". See also the
|
|
@option{segment_times} option.
|
|
|
|
Note that splitting may not be accurate, unless you force the
|
|
reference stream key-frames at the given time. See the introductory
|
|
notice and the examples below.
|
|
|
|
@item min_seg_duration @var{time}
|
|
Set minimum segment duration to @var{time}, the value must be a duration
|
|
specification. This prevents the muxer ending segments at a duration below
|
|
this value. Only effective with @code{segment_time}. Default value is "0".
|
|
|
|
@item segment_atclocktime @var{1|0}
|
|
If set to "1" split at regular clock time intervals starting from 00:00
|
|
o'clock. The @var{time} value specified in @option{segment_time} is
|
|
used for setting the length of the splitting interval.
|
|
|
|
For example with @option{segment_time} set to "900" this makes it possible
|
|
to create files at 12:00 o'clock, 12:15, 12:30, etc.
|
|
|
|
Default value is "0".
|
|
|
|
@item segment_clocktime_offset @var{duration}
|
|
Delay the segment splitting times with the specified duration when using
|
|
@option{segment_atclocktime}.
|
|
|
|
For example with @option{segment_time} set to "900" and
|
|
@option{segment_clocktime_offset} set to "300" this makes it possible to
|
|
create files at 12:05, 12:20, 12:35, etc.
|
|
|
|
Default value is "0".
|
|
|
|
@item segment_clocktime_wrap_duration @var{duration}
|
|
Force the segmenter to only start a new segment if a packet reaches the muxer
|
|
within the specified duration after the segmenting clock time. This way you
|
|
can make the segmenter more resilient to backward local time jumps, such as
|
|
leap seconds or transition to standard time from daylight savings time.
|
|
|
|
Default is the maximum possible duration which means starting a new segment
|
|
regardless of the elapsed time since the last clock time.
|
|
|
|
@item segment_time_delta @var{delta}
|
|
Specify the accuracy time when selecting the start time for a
|
|
segment, expressed as a duration specification. Default value is "0".
|
|
|
|
When delta is specified a key-frame will start a new segment if its
|
|
PTS satisfies the relation:
|
|
@example
|
|
PTS >= start_time - time_delta
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
This option is useful when splitting video content, which is always
|
|
split at GOP boundaries, in case a key frame is found just before the
|
|
specified split time.
|
|
|
|
In particular may be used in combination with the @file{ffmpeg} option
|
|
@var{force_key_frames}. The key frame times specified by
|
|
@var{force_key_frames} may not be set accurately because of rounding
|
|
issues, with the consequence that a key frame time may result set just
|
|
before the specified time. For constant frame rate videos a value of
|
|
1/(2*@var{frame_rate}) should address the worst case mismatch between
|
|
the specified time and the time set by @var{force_key_frames}.
|
|
|
|
@item segment_times @var{times}
|
|
Specify a list of split points. @var{times} contains a list of comma
|
|
separated duration specifications, in increasing order. See also
|
|
the @option{segment_time} option.
|
|
|
|
@item segment_frames @var{frames}
|
|
Specify a list of split video frame numbers. @var{frames} contains a
|
|
list of comma separated integer numbers, in increasing order.
|
|
|
|
This option specifies to start a new segment whenever a reference
|
|
stream key frame is found and the sequential number (starting from 0)
|
|
of the frame is greater or equal to the next value in the list.
|
|
|
|
@item segment_wrap @var{limit}
|
|
Wrap around segment index once it reaches @var{limit}.
|
|
|
|
@item segment_start_number @var{number}
|
|
Set the sequence number of the first segment. Defaults to @code{0}.
|
|
|
|
@item strftime @var{1|0}
|
|
Use the @code{strftime} function to define the name of the new
|
|
segments to write. If this is selected, the output segment name must
|
|
contain a @code{strftime} function template. Default value is
|
|
@code{0}.
|
|
|
|
@item break_non_keyframes @var{1|0}
|
|
If enabled, allow segments to start on frames other than keyframes. This
|
|
improves behavior on some players when the time between keyframes is
|
|
inconsistent, but may make things worse on others, and can cause some oddities
|
|
during seeking. Defaults to @code{0}.
|
|
|
|
@item reset_timestamps @var{1|0}
|
|
Reset timestamps at the beginning of each segment, so that each segment
|
|
will start with near-zero timestamps. It is meant to ease the playback
|
|
of the generated segments. May not work with some combinations of
|
|
muxers/codecs. It is set to @code{0} by default.
|
|
|
|
@item initial_offset @var{offset}
|
|
Specify timestamp offset to apply to the output packet timestamps. The
|
|
argument must be a time duration specification, and defaults to 0.
|
|
|
|
@item write_empty_segments @var{1|0}
|
|
If enabled, write an empty segment if there are no packets during the period a
|
|
segment would usually span. Otherwise, the segment will be filled with the next
|
|
packet written. Defaults to @code{0}.
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
Make sure to require a closed GOP when encoding and to set the GOP
|
|
size to fit your segment time constraint.
|
|
|
|
@subsection Examples
|
|
|
|
@itemize
|
|
@item
|
|
Remux the content of file @file{in.mkv} to a list of segments
|
|
@file{out-000.nut}, @file{out-001.nut}, etc., and write the list of
|
|
generated segments to @file{out.list}:
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -i in.mkv -codec hevc -flags +cgop -g 60 -map 0 -f segment -segment_list out.list out%03d.nut
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
Segment input and set output format options for the output segments:
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -i in.mkv -f segment -segment_time 10 -segment_format_options movflags=+faststart out%03d.mp4
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
Segment the input file according to the split points specified by the
|
|
@var{segment_times} option:
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -i in.mkv -codec copy -map 0 -f segment -segment_list out.csv -segment_times 1,2,3,5,8,13,21 out%03d.nut
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
Use the @command{ffmpeg} @option{force_key_frames}
|
|
option to force key frames in the input at the specified location, together
|
|
with the segment option @option{segment_time_delta} to account for
|
|
possible roundings operated when setting key frame times.
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -i in.mkv -force_key_frames 1,2,3,5,8,13,21 -codec:v mpeg4 -codec:a pcm_s16le -map 0 \
|
|
-f segment -segment_list out.csv -segment_times 1,2,3,5,8,13,21 -segment_time_delta 0.05 out%03d.nut
|
|
@end example
|
|
In order to force key frames on the input file, transcoding is
|
|
required.
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
Segment the input file by splitting the input file according to the
|
|
frame numbers sequence specified with the @option{segment_frames} option:
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -i in.mkv -codec copy -map 0 -f segment -segment_list out.csv -segment_frames 100,200,300,500,800 out%03d.nut
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
Convert the @file{in.mkv} to TS segments using the @code{libx264}
|
|
and @code{aac} encoders:
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -i in.mkv -map 0 -codec:v libx264 -codec:a aac -f ssegment -segment_list out.list out%03d.ts
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
Segment the input file, and create an M3U8 live playlist (can be used
|
|
as live HLS source):
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -re -i in.mkv -codec copy -map 0 -f segment -segment_list playlist.m3u8 \
|
|
-segment_list_flags +live -segment_time 10 out%03d.mkv
|
|
@end example
|
|
@end itemize
|
|
|
|
@section smoothstreaming
|
|
|
|
Smooth Streaming muxer generates a set of files (Manifest, chunks) suitable for serving with conventional web server.
|
|
|
|
@table @option
|
|
@item window_size
|
|
Specify the number of fragments kept in the manifest. Default 0 (keep all).
|
|
|
|
@item extra_window_size
|
|
Specify the number of fragments kept outside of the manifest before removing from disk. Default 5.
|
|
|
|
@item lookahead_count
|
|
Specify the number of lookahead fragments. Default 2.
|
|
|
|
@item min_frag_duration
|
|
Specify the minimum fragment duration (in microseconds). Default 5000000.
|
|
|
|
@item remove_at_exit
|
|
Specify whether to remove all fragments when finished. Default 0 (do not remove).
|
|
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@anchor{streamhash}
|
|
@section streamhash
|
|
|
|
Per stream hash testing format.
|
|
|
|
This muxer computes and prints a cryptographic hash of all the input frames,
|
|
on a per-stream basis. This can be used for equality checks without having
|
|
to do a complete binary comparison.
|
|
|
|
By default audio frames are converted to signed 16-bit raw audio and
|
|
video frames to raw video before computing the hash, but the output
|
|
of explicit conversions to other codecs can also be used. Timestamps
|
|
are ignored. It uses the SHA-256 cryptographic hash function by default,
|
|
but supports several other algorithms.
|
|
|
|
The output of the muxer consists of one line per stream of the form:
|
|
@var{streamindex},@var{streamtype},@var{algo}=@var{hash}, where
|
|
@var{streamindex} is the index of the mapped stream, @var{streamtype} is a
|
|
single character indicating the type of stream, @var{algo} is a short string
|
|
representing the hash function used, and @var{hash} is a hexadecimal number
|
|
representing the computed hash.
|
|
|
|
@table @option
|
|
@item hash @var{algorithm}
|
|
Use the cryptographic hash function specified by the string @var{algorithm}.
|
|
Supported values include @code{MD5}, @code{murmur3}, @code{RIPEMD128},
|
|
@code{RIPEMD160}, @code{RIPEMD256}, @code{RIPEMD320}, @code{SHA160},
|
|
@code{SHA224}, @code{SHA256} (default), @code{SHA512/224}, @code{SHA512/256},
|
|
@code{SHA384}, @code{SHA512}, @code{CRC32} and @code{adler32}.
|
|
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@subsection Examples
|
|
|
|
To compute the SHA-256 hash of the input converted to raw audio and
|
|
video, and store it in the file @file{out.sha256}:
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -i INPUT -f streamhash out.sha256
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
To print an MD5 hash to stdout use the command:
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -i INPUT -f streamhash -hash md5 -
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
See also the @ref{hash} and @ref{framehash} muxers.
|
|
|
|
@anchor{tee}
|
|
@section tee
|
|
|
|
The tee muxer can be used to write the same data to several outputs, such as files or streams.
|
|
It can be used, for example, to stream a video over a network and save it to disk at the same time.
|
|
|
|
It is different from specifying several outputs to the @command{ffmpeg}
|
|
command-line tool. With the tee muxer, the audio and video data will be encoded only once.
|
|
With conventional multiple outputs, multiple encoding operations in parallel are initiated,
|
|
which can be a very expensive process. The tee muxer is not useful when using the libavformat API
|
|
directly because it is then possible to feed the same packets to several muxers directly.
|
|
|
|
Since the tee muxer does not represent any particular output format, ffmpeg cannot auto-select
|
|
output streams. So all streams intended for output must be specified using @code{-map}. See
|
|
the examples below.
|
|
|
|
Some encoders may need different options depending on the output format;
|
|
the auto-detection of this can not work with the tee muxer, so they need to be explicitly specified.
|
|
The main example is the @option{global_header} flag.
|
|
|
|
The slave outputs are specified in the file name given to the muxer,
|
|
separated by '|'. If any of the slave name contains the '|' separator,
|
|
leading or trailing spaces or any special character, those must be
|
|
escaped (see @ref{quoting_and_escaping,,the "Quoting and escaping"
|
|
section in the ffmpeg-utils(1) manual,ffmpeg-utils}).
|
|
|
|
@subsection Options
|
|
|
|
@table @option
|
|
|
|
@item use_fifo @var{bool}
|
|
If set to 1, slave outputs will be processed in separate threads using the @ref{fifo}
|
|
muxer. This allows to compensate for different speed/latency/reliability of
|
|
outputs and setup transparent recovery. By default this feature is turned off.
|
|
|
|
@item fifo_options
|
|
Options to pass to fifo pseudo-muxer instances. See @ref{fifo}.
|
|
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
Muxer options can be specified for each slave by prepending them as a list of
|
|
@var{key}=@var{value} pairs separated by ':', between square brackets. If
|
|
the options values contain a special character or the ':' separator, they
|
|
must be escaped; note that this is a second level escaping.
|
|
|
|
The following special options are also recognized:
|
|
@table @option
|
|
@item f
|
|
Specify the format name. Required if it cannot be guessed from the
|
|
output URL.
|
|
|
|
@item bsfs[/@var{spec}]
|
|
Specify a list of bitstream filters to apply to the specified
|
|
output.
|
|
|
|
It is possible to specify to which streams a given bitstream filter
|
|
applies, by appending a stream specifier to the option separated by
|
|
@code{/}. @var{spec} must be a stream specifier (see @ref{Format
|
|
stream specifiers}).
|
|
|
|
If the stream specifier is not specified, the bitstream filters will be
|
|
applied to all streams in the output. This will cause that output operation
|
|
to fail if the output contains streams to which the bitstream filter cannot
|
|
be applied e.g. @code{h264_mp4toannexb} being applied to an output containing an audio stream.
|
|
|
|
Options for a bitstream filter must be specified in the form of @code{opt=value}.
|
|
|
|
Several bitstream filters can be specified, separated by ",".
|
|
|
|
@item use_fifo @var{bool}
|
|
This allows to override tee muxer use_fifo option for individual slave muxer.
|
|
|
|
@item fifo_options
|
|
This allows to override tee muxer fifo_options for individual slave muxer.
|
|
See @ref{fifo}.
|
|
|
|
@item select
|
|
Select the streams that should be mapped to the slave output,
|
|
specified by a stream specifier. If not specified, this defaults to
|
|
all the mapped streams. This will cause that output operation to fail
|
|
if the output format does not accept all mapped streams.
|
|
|
|
You may use multiple stream specifiers separated by commas (@code{,}) e.g.: @code{a:0,v}
|
|
|
|
@item onfail
|
|
Specify behaviour on output failure. This can be set to either @code{abort} (which is
|
|
default) or @code{ignore}. @code{abort} will cause whole process to fail in case of failure
|
|
on this slave output. @code{ignore} will ignore failure on this output, so other outputs
|
|
will continue without being affected.
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@subsection Examples
|
|
|
|
@itemize
|
|
@item
|
|
Encode something and both archive it in a WebM file and stream it
|
|
as MPEG-TS over UDP:
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -i ... -c:v libx264 -c:a mp2 -f tee -map 0:v -map 0:a
|
|
"archive-20121107.mkv|[f=mpegts]udp://10.0.1.255:1234/"
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
As above, but continue streaming even if output to local file fails
|
|
(for example local drive fills up):
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -i ... -c:v libx264 -c:a mp2 -f tee -map 0:v -map 0:a
|
|
"[onfail=ignore]archive-20121107.mkv|[f=mpegts]udp://10.0.1.255:1234/"
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
Use @command{ffmpeg} to encode the input, and send the output
|
|
to three different destinations. The @code{dump_extra} bitstream
|
|
filter is used to add extradata information to all the output video
|
|
keyframes packets, as requested by the MPEG-TS format. The select
|
|
option is applied to @file{out.aac} in order to make it contain only
|
|
audio packets.
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -i ... -map 0 -flags +global_header -c:v libx264 -c:a aac
|
|
-f tee "[bsfs/v=dump_extra=freq=keyframe]out.ts|[movflags=+faststart]out.mp4|[select=a]out.aac"
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
As above, but select only stream @code{a:1} for the audio output. Note
|
|
that a second level escaping must be performed, as ":" is a special
|
|
character used to separate options.
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -i ... -map 0 -flags +global_header -c:v libx264 -c:a aac
|
|
-f tee "[bsfs/v=dump_extra=freq=keyframe]out.ts|[movflags=+faststart]out.mp4|[select=\'a:1\']out.aac"
|
|
@end example
|
|
@end itemize
|
|
|
|
@section webm_chunk
|
|
|
|
WebM Live Chunk Muxer.
|
|
|
|
This muxer writes out WebM headers and chunks as separate files which can be
|
|
consumed by clients that support WebM Live streams via DASH.
|
|
|
|
@subsection Options
|
|
|
|
This muxer supports the following options:
|
|
|
|
@table @option
|
|
@item chunk_start_index
|
|
Index of the first chunk (defaults to 0).
|
|
|
|
@item header
|
|
Filename of the header where the initialization data will be written.
|
|
|
|
@item audio_chunk_duration
|
|
Duration of each audio chunk in milliseconds (defaults to 5000).
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@subsection Example
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -f v4l2 -i /dev/video0 \
|
|
-f alsa -i hw:0 \
|
|
-map 0:0 \
|
|
-c:v libvpx-vp9 \
|
|
-s 640x360 -keyint_min 30 -g 30 \
|
|
-f webm_chunk \
|
|
-header webm_live_video_360.hdr \
|
|
-chunk_start_index 1 \
|
|
webm_live_video_360_%d.chk \
|
|
-map 1:0 \
|
|
-c:a libvorbis \
|
|
-b:a 128k \
|
|
-f webm_chunk \
|
|
-header webm_live_audio_128.hdr \
|
|
-chunk_start_index 1 \
|
|
-audio_chunk_duration 1000 \
|
|
webm_live_audio_128_%d.chk
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@section webm_dash_manifest
|
|
|
|
WebM DASH Manifest muxer.
|
|
|
|
This muxer implements the WebM DASH Manifest specification to generate the DASH
|
|
manifest XML. It also supports manifest generation for DASH live streams.
|
|
|
|
For more information see:
|
|
|
|
@itemize @bullet
|
|
@item
|
|
WebM DASH Specification: @url{https://sites.google.com/a/webmproject.org/wiki/adaptive-streaming/webm-dash-specification}
|
|
@item
|
|
ISO DASH Specification: @url{http://standards.iso.org/ittf/PubliclyAvailableStandards/c065274_ISO_IEC_23009-1_2014.zip}
|
|
@end itemize
|
|
|
|
@subsection Options
|
|
|
|
This muxer supports the following options:
|
|
|
|
@table @option
|
|
@item adaptation_sets
|
|
This option has the following syntax: "id=x,streams=a,b,c id=y,streams=d,e" where x and y are the
|
|
unique identifiers of the adaptation sets and a,b,c,d and e are the indices of the corresponding
|
|
audio and video streams. Any number of adaptation sets can be added using this option.
|
|
|
|
@item live
|
|
Set this to 1 to create a live stream DASH Manifest. Default: 0.
|
|
|
|
@item chunk_start_index
|
|
Start index of the first chunk. This will go in the @samp{startNumber} attribute
|
|
of the @samp{SegmentTemplate} element in the manifest. Default: 0.
|
|
|
|
@item chunk_duration_ms
|
|
Duration of each chunk in milliseconds. This will go in the @samp{duration}
|
|
attribute of the @samp{SegmentTemplate} element in the manifest. Default: 1000.
|
|
|
|
@item utc_timing_url
|
|
URL of the page that will return the UTC timestamp in ISO format. This will go
|
|
in the @samp{value} attribute of the @samp{UTCTiming} element in the manifest.
|
|
Default: None.
|
|
|
|
@item time_shift_buffer_depth
|
|
Smallest time (in seconds) shifting buffer for which any Representation is
|
|
guaranteed to be available. This will go in the @samp{timeShiftBufferDepth}
|
|
attribute of the @samp{MPD} element. Default: 60.
|
|
|
|
@item minimum_update_period
|
|
Minimum update period (in seconds) of the manifest. This will go in the
|
|
@samp{minimumUpdatePeriod} attribute of the @samp{MPD} element. Default: 0.
|
|
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@subsection Example
|
|
@example
|
|
ffmpeg -f webm_dash_manifest -i video1.webm \
|
|
-f webm_dash_manifest -i video2.webm \
|
|
-f webm_dash_manifest -i audio1.webm \
|
|
-f webm_dash_manifest -i audio2.webm \
|
|
-map 0 -map 1 -map 2 -map 3 \
|
|
-c copy \
|
|
-f webm_dash_manifest \
|
|
-adaptation_sets "id=0,streams=0,1 id=1,streams=2,3" \
|
|
manifest.xml
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@c man end MUXERS
|