diff --git a/ffmpeg_filter.c b/ffmpeg_filter.c
index 1887ffec4e..8478edf0a5 100644
--- a/ffmpeg_filter.c
+++ b/ffmpeg_filter.c
@@ -295,7 +295,7 @@ static int configure_output_video_filter(FilterGraph *fg, OutputFilter *ofilter,
     snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "output stream %d:%d", ost->file_index, ost->index);
     ret = avfilter_graph_create_filter(&ofilter->filter,
                                        avfilter_get_by_name("ffbuffersink"),
-                                       name, NULL, NULL/*buffersink_params*/, fg->graph);
+                                       name, NULL, NULL, fg->graph);
     av_freep(&buffersink_params);
 
     if (ret < 0)
diff --git a/libavcodec/allcodecs.c b/libavcodec/allcodecs.c
index 8806c6a598..03340efa09 100644
--- a/libavcodec/allcodecs.c
+++ b/libavcodec/allcodecs.c
@@ -325,8 +325,6 @@ void avcodec_register_all(void)
     REGISTER_DECODER (SHORTEN, shorten);
     REGISTER_DECODER (SIPR, sipr);
     REGISTER_DECODER (SMACKAUD, smackaud);
-    REGISTER_ENCDEC  (SONIC, sonic);
-    REGISTER_ENCODER (SONIC_LS, sonic_ls);
     REGISTER_DECODER (TRUEHD, truehd);
     REGISTER_DECODER (TRUESPEECH, truespeech);
     REGISTER_DECODER (TTA, tta);
diff --git a/libavcodec/alsdec.c b/libavcodec/alsdec.c
index 672fcba286..226312e897 100644
--- a/libavcodec/alsdec.c
+++ b/libavcodec/alsdec.c
@@ -651,10 +651,10 @@ static int read_var_block_data(ALSDecContext *ctx, ALSBlockData *bd)
         for (k = 1; k < sub_blocks; k++)
             s[k] = s[k - 1] + decode_rice(gb, 0);
     }
-    for (k = 0; k < sub_blocks; k++)
+    for (k = 1; k < sub_blocks; k++)
         if (s[k] > 32) {
             av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "k invalid for rice code.\n");
-            return -1;
+            return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
         }
 
     if (get_bits1(gb))
diff --git a/libavcodec/assenc.c b/libavcodec/assenc.c
index 779a55a1f7..7ed21eedbc 100644
--- a/libavcodec/assenc.c
+++ b/libavcodec/assenc.c
@@ -37,9 +37,9 @@ static av_cold int ass_encode_init(AVCodecContext *avctx)
 }
 
 static int ass_encode_frame(AVCodecContext *avctx,
-                            unsigned char *buf, int bufsize, void *data)
+                            unsigned char *buf, int bufsize,
+                            const AVSubtitle *sub)
 {
-    AVSubtitle *sub = data;
     int i, len, total_len = 0;
 
     for (i=0; i<sub->num_rects; i++) {
@@ -67,5 +67,5 @@ AVCodec ff_ass_encoder = {
     .type         = AVMEDIA_TYPE_SUBTITLE,
     .id           = AV_CODEC_ID_SSA,
     .init         = ass_encode_init,
-    .encode       = ass_encode_frame,
+    .encode_sub   = ass_encode_frame,
 };
diff --git a/libavcodec/avcodec.h b/libavcodec/avcodec.h
index 62a261a5da..fdfd5c4c7c 100644
--- a/libavcodec/avcodec.h
+++ b/libavcodec/avcodec.h
@@ -3099,6 +3099,8 @@ typedef struct AVProfile {
 
 typedef struct AVCodecDefault AVCodecDefault;
 
+struct AVSubtitle;
+
 /**
  * AVCodec.
  */
@@ -3171,7 +3173,8 @@ typedef struct AVCodec {
     void (*init_static_data)(struct AVCodec *codec);
 
     int (*init)(AVCodecContext *);
-    int (*encode)(AVCodecContext *, uint8_t *buf, int buf_size, void *data);
+    int (*encode_sub)(AVCodecContext *, uint8_t *buf, int buf_size,
+                      const struct AVSubtitle *sub);
     /**
      * Encode data to an AVPacket.
      *
diff --git a/libavcodec/dvbsub.c b/libavcodec/dvbsub.c
index 37bb3e1ec0..562db6a586 100644
--- a/libavcodec/dvbsub.c
+++ b/libavcodec/dvbsub.c
@@ -248,7 +248,7 @@ static void dvb_encode_rle8(uint8_t **pq,
 }
 
 static int encode_dvb_subtitles(DVBSubtitleContext *s,
-                                uint8_t *outbuf, AVSubtitle *h)
+                                uint8_t *outbuf, const AVSubtitle *h)
 {
     uint8_t *q, *pseg_len;
     int page_id, region_id, clut_id, object_id, i, bpp_index, page_state;
@@ -444,10 +444,10 @@ static int encode_dvb_subtitles(DVBSubtitleContext *s,
 }
 
 static int dvbsub_encode(AVCodecContext *avctx,
-                       unsigned char *buf, int buf_size, void *data)
+                         unsigned char *buf, int buf_size,
+                         const AVSubtitle *sub)
 {
     DVBSubtitleContext *s = avctx->priv_data;
-    AVSubtitle *sub = data;
     int ret;
 
     ret = encode_dvb_subtitles(s, buf, sub);
@@ -459,6 +459,6 @@ AVCodec ff_dvbsub_encoder = {
     .type           = AVMEDIA_TYPE_SUBTITLE,
     .id             = AV_CODEC_ID_DVB_SUBTITLE,
     .priv_data_size = sizeof(DVBSubtitleContext),
-    .encode         = dvbsub_encode,
+    .encode_sub     = dvbsub_encode,
     .long_name      = NULL_IF_CONFIG_SMALL("DVB subtitles"),
 };
diff --git a/libavcodec/dvdsubenc.c b/libavcodec/dvdsubenc.c
index d913708026..2e0c37da4d 100644
--- a/libavcodec/dvdsubenc.c
+++ b/libavcodec/dvdsubenc.c
@@ -416,10 +416,10 @@ static int dvdsub_init(AVCodecContext *avctx)
 }
 
 static int dvdsub_encode(AVCodecContext *avctx,
-                         unsigned char *buf, int buf_size, void *data)
+                         unsigned char *buf, int buf_size,
+                         const AVSubtitle *sub)
 {
     //DVDSubtitleContext *s = avctx->priv_data;
-    AVSubtitle *sub = data;
     int ret;
 
     ret = encode_dvd_subtitles(avctx, buf, buf_size, sub);
@@ -431,7 +431,7 @@ AVCodec ff_dvdsub_encoder = {
     .type           = AVMEDIA_TYPE_SUBTITLE,
     .id             = AV_CODEC_ID_DVD_SUBTITLE,
     .init           = dvdsub_init,
-    .encode         = dvdsub_encode,
+    .encode_sub     = dvdsub_encode,
     .long_name      = NULL_IF_CONFIG_SMALL("DVD subtitles"),
     .priv_data_size = sizeof(DVDSubtitleContext),
 };
diff --git a/libavcodec/movtextenc.c b/libavcodec/movtextenc.c
index 3f73f8b4bd..7f1b5b830f 100644
--- a/libavcodec/movtextenc.c
+++ b/libavcodec/movtextenc.c
@@ -104,10 +104,9 @@ static const ASSCodesCallbacks mov_text_callbacks = {
 };
 
 static int mov_text_encode_frame(AVCodecContext *avctx, unsigned char *buf,
-                                 int bufsize, void *data)
+                                 int bufsize, const AVSubtitle *sub)
 {
     MovTextContext *s = avctx->priv_data;
-    AVSubtitle *sub = data;
     ASSDialog *dialog;
     int i, len, num;
 
@@ -157,6 +156,6 @@ AVCodec ff_movtext_encoder = {
     .id             = AV_CODEC_ID_MOV_TEXT,
     .priv_data_size = sizeof(MovTextContext),
     .init           = mov_text_encode_init,
-    .encode         = mov_text_encode_frame,
+    .encode_sub     = mov_text_encode_frame,
     .close          = mov_text_encode_close,
 };
diff --git a/libavcodec/srtenc.c b/libavcodec/srtenc.c
index fa85ef543b..473c88f09a 100644
--- a/libavcodec/srtenc.c
+++ b/libavcodec/srtenc.c
@@ -233,10 +233,9 @@ static const ASSCodesCallbacks srt_callbacks = {
 };
 
 static int srt_encode_frame(AVCodecContext *avctx,
-                            unsigned char *buf, int bufsize, void *data)
+                            unsigned char *buf, int bufsize, const AVSubtitle *sub)
 {
     SRTContext *s = avctx->priv_data;
-    AVSubtitle *sub = data;
     ASSDialog *dialog;
     int i, len, num;
 
@@ -299,7 +298,7 @@ AVCodec ff_srt_encoder = {
     .id             = AV_CODEC_ID_SRT,
     .priv_data_size = sizeof(SRTContext),
     .init           = srt_encode_init,
-    .encode         = srt_encode_frame,
+    .encode_sub     = srt_encode_frame,
     .close          = srt_encode_close,
 };
 #endif
@@ -312,7 +311,7 @@ AVCodec ff_subrip_encoder = {
     .id             = AV_CODEC_ID_SUBRIP,
     .priv_data_size = sizeof(SRTContext),
     .init           = srt_encode_init,
-    .encode         = srt_encode_frame,
+    .encode_sub     = srt_encode_frame,
     .close          = srt_encode_close,
 };
 #endif
diff --git a/libavcodec/utils.c b/libavcodec/utils.c
index 30b0d21a5b..09b07e2423 100644
--- a/libavcodec/utils.c
+++ b/libavcodec/utils.c
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ static void avcodec_init(void)
 
 int av_codec_is_encoder(const AVCodec *codec)
 {
-    return codec && (codec->encode || codec->encode2);
+    return codec && (codec->encode_sub || codec->encode2);
 }
 
 int av_codec_is_decoder(const AVCodec *codec)
@@ -804,7 +804,7 @@ int attribute_align_arg avcodec_open2(AVCodecContext *avctx, const AVCodec *code
             goto end;
         }
         if (codec->priv_class) {
-            *(const AVClass**)avctx->priv_data= codec->priv_class;
+            *(const AVClass**)avctx->priv_data = codec->priv_class;
             av_opt_set_defaults(avctx->priv_data);
         }
       }
@@ -1407,7 +1407,7 @@ int avcodec_encode_subtitle(AVCodecContext *avctx, uint8_t *buf, int buf_size,
         return -1;
     }
 
-    ret = avctx->codec->encode(avctx, buf, buf_size, (void *)(intptr_t)sub);
+    ret = avctx->codec->encode_sub(avctx, buf, buf_size, sub);
     avctx->frame_number++;
     return ret;
 }
diff --git a/libavcodec/xsubenc.c b/libavcodec/xsubenc.c
index 210a9bfa75..cb2a908cad 100644
--- a/libavcodec/xsubenc.c
+++ b/libavcodec/xsubenc.c
@@ -111,9 +111,8 @@ static int make_tc(uint64_t ms, int *tc)
 }
 
 static int xsub_encode(AVCodecContext *avctx, unsigned char *buf,
-                       int bufsize, void *data)
+                       int bufsize, const AVSubtitle *h)
 {
-    AVSubtitle *h = data;
     uint64_t startTime = h->pts / 1000; // FIXME: need better solution...
     uint64_t endTime = startTime + h->end_display_time - h->start_display_time;
     int start_tc[4], end_tc[4];
@@ -211,10 +210,10 @@ static av_cold int xsub_encoder_init(AVCodecContext *avctx)
 }
 
 AVCodec ff_xsub_encoder = {
-    .name      = "xsub",
-    .type      = AVMEDIA_TYPE_SUBTITLE,
-    .id        = AV_CODEC_ID_XSUB,
-    .init      = xsub_encoder_init,
-    .encode    = xsub_encode,
-    .long_name = NULL_IF_CONFIG_SMALL("DivX subtitles (XSUB)"),
+    .name       = "xsub",
+    .type       = AVMEDIA_TYPE_SUBTITLE,
+    .id         = AV_CODEC_ID_XSUB,
+    .init       = xsub_encoder_init,
+    .encode_sub = xsub_encode,
+    .long_name  = NULL_IF_CONFIG_SMALL("DivX subtitles (XSUB)"),
 };
diff --git a/libavfilter/af_amix.c b/libavfilter/af_amix.c
index cfe23159e2..9d0f998f62 100644
--- a/libavfilter/af_amix.c
+++ b/libavfilter/af_amix.c
@@ -549,7 +549,7 @@ AVFilter avfilter_af_amix = {
     .uninit         = uninit,
     .query_formats  = query_formats,
 
-    .inputs    = (const AVFilterPad[]) {{ .name = NULL}},
+    .inputs    = NULL,
     .outputs   = (const AVFilterPad[]) {{ .name          = "default",
                                           .type          = AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO,
                                           .config_props  = config_output,
diff --git a/libavfilter/af_channelsplit.c b/libavfilter/af_channelsplit.c
index 06f786842f..81f91ad393 100644
--- a/libavfilter/af_channelsplit.c
+++ b/libavfilter/af_channelsplit.c
@@ -142,6 +142,6 @@ AVFilter avfilter_af_channelsplit = {
                                        .type           = AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO,
                                        .filter_samples = filter_samples, },
                                      { NULL }},
-    .outputs = (const AVFilterPad[]){{ NULL }},
+    .outputs = NULL,
     .priv_class = &channelsplit_class,
 };
diff --git a/libavfilter/af_join.c b/libavfilter/af_join.c
index 0e75602fd3..5e338f0efb 100644
--- a/libavfilter/af_join.c
+++ b/libavfilter/af_join.c
@@ -494,7 +494,7 @@ AVFilter avfilter_af_join = {
     .uninit         = join_uninit,
     .query_formats  = join_query_formats,
 
-    .inputs  = (const AVFilterPad[]){{ NULL }},
+    .inputs  = NULL,
     .outputs = (const AVFilterPad[]){{ .name          = "default",
                                        .type          = AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO,
                                        .config_props  = join_config_output,
diff --git a/libavfilter/asink_anullsink.c b/libavfilter/asink_anullsink.c
index 506619bf1a..4eee5041df 100644
--- a/libavfilter/asink_anullsink.c
+++ b/libavfilter/asink_anullsink.c
@@ -41,5 +41,5 @@ AVFilter avfilter_asink_anullsink = {
         },
         { .name = NULL},
     },
-    .outputs   = (const AVFilterPad[]) {{ .name = NULL }},
+    .outputs   = NULL,
 };
diff --git a/libavfilter/asrc_anullsrc.c b/libavfilter/asrc_anullsrc.c
index 5cdf126fd5..4e28e294af 100644
--- a/libavfilter/asrc_anullsrc.c
+++ b/libavfilter/asrc_anullsrc.c
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ AVFilter avfilter_asrc_anullsrc = {
     .init        = init,
     .priv_size   = sizeof(ANullContext),
 
-    .inputs      = (const AVFilterPad[]) {{ .name = NULL}},
+    .inputs      = NULL,
 
     .outputs     = (const AVFilterPad[]) {{ .name = "default",
                                             .type = AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO,
diff --git a/libavfilter/avfilter.c b/libavfilter/avfilter.c
index 3bac29d5ac..9f49a8b2b1 100644
--- a/libavfilter/avfilter.c
+++ b/libavfilter/avfilter.c
@@ -436,6 +436,9 @@ static int pad_count(const AVFilterPad *pads)
 {
     int count;
 
+    if (!pads)
+        return 0;
+
     for(count = 0; pads->name; count ++) pads ++;
     return count;
 }
diff --git a/libavfilter/avfiltergraph.c b/libavfilter/avfiltergraph.c
index f98e0e40f3..b745c3c991 100644
--- a/libavfilter/avfiltergraph.c
+++ b/libavfilter/avfiltergraph.c
@@ -679,7 +679,7 @@ static void swap_channel_layouts_on_filter(AVFilterContext *filter)
                 best_count_diff = count_diff;
             }
         }
-        av_assert1(best_idx>=0);
+        av_assert0(best_idx >= 0);
         FFSWAP(uint64_t, outlink->in_channel_layouts->channel_layouts[0],
                outlink->in_channel_layouts->channel_layouts[best_idx]);
     }
diff --git a/libavfilter/buffersink.c b/libavfilter/buffersink.c
index 50cd6d4e96..2e84fb4507 100644
--- a/libavfilter/buffersink.c
+++ b/libavfilter/buffersink.c
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ AVFilter avfilter_vsink_buffer = {
                                           .min_perms     = AV_PERM_READ,
                                           .needs_fifo    = 1 },
                                         { .name = NULL }},
-    .outputs   = (const AVFilterPad[]) {{ .name = NULL }},
+    .outputs   = NULL,
 };
 
 AVFilter avfilter_asink_abuffer = {
@@ -175,5 +175,5 @@ AVFilter avfilter_asink_abuffer = {
                                           .min_perms      = AV_PERM_READ,
                                           .needs_fifo     = 1 },
                                         { .name = NULL }},
-    .outputs   = (const AVFilterPad[]) {{ .name = NULL }},
+    .outputs   = NULL,
 };
diff --git a/libavfilter/buffersrc.c b/libavfilter/buffersrc.c
index 25c6386d4e..db2db3a482 100644
--- a/libavfilter/buffersrc.c
+++ b/libavfilter/buffersrc.c
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ int av_buffersrc_add_frame(AVFilterContext *buffer_src,
     return ret;
 }
 
-int av_buffersrc_write_frame(AVFilterContext *buffer_filter, AVFrame *frame)
+int av_buffersrc_write_frame(AVFilterContext *buffer_filter, const AVFrame *frame)
 {
     return av_buffersrc_add_frame(buffer_filter, frame, 0);
 }
@@ -409,7 +409,7 @@ AVFilter avfilter_vsrc_buffer = {
     .init      = init_video,
     .uninit    = uninit,
 
-    .inputs    = (const AVFilterPad[]) {{ .name = NULL }},
+    .inputs    = NULL,
     .outputs   = (const AVFilterPad[]) {{ .name            = "default",
                                           .type            = AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO,
                                           .request_frame   = request_frame,
@@ -428,7 +428,7 @@ AVFilter avfilter_asrc_abuffer = {
     .init      = init_audio,
     .uninit    = uninit,
 
-    .inputs    = (const AVFilterPad[]) {{ .name = NULL }},
+    .inputs    = NULL,
     .outputs   = (const AVFilterPad[]) {{ .name            = "default",
                                           .type            = AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO,
                                           .request_frame   = request_frame,
diff --git a/libavfilter/buffersrc.h b/libavfilter/buffersrc.h
index d25316125f..7f3c8d8ec3 100644
--- a/libavfilter/buffersrc.h
+++ b/libavfilter/buffersrc.h
@@ -90,6 +90,6 @@ int av_buffersrc_buffer(AVFilterContext *s, AVFilterBufferRef *buf);
  * @warning frame data will be memcpy()ed, which may be a big performance
  *          hit. Use av_buffersrc_buffer() to avoid copying the data.
  */
-int av_buffersrc_write_frame(AVFilterContext *s, AVFrame *frame);
+int av_buffersrc_write_frame(AVFilterContext *s, const AVFrame *frame);
 
 #endif /* AVFILTER_BUFFERSRC_H */
diff --git a/libavfilter/split.c b/libavfilter/split.c
index b0d36f34ce..e036a93f21 100644
--- a/libavfilter/split.c
+++ b/libavfilter/split.c
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ AVFilter avfilter_vf_split = {
                                           .draw_slice      = draw_slice,
                                           .end_frame       = end_frame, },
                                         { .name = NULL}},
-    .outputs   = (const AVFilterPad[]) {{ .name = NULL}},
+    .outputs   = NULL,
 };
 
 static int filter_samples(AVFilterLink *inlink, AVFilterBufferRef *samplesref)
@@ -169,5 +169,5 @@ AVFilter avfilter_af_asplit = {
                                         .get_audio_buffer = ff_null_get_audio_buffer,
                                         .filter_samples   = filter_samples },
                                       { .name = NULL }},
-    .outputs = (const AVFilterPad[]) {{ .name = NULL }},
+    .outputs = NULL,
 };
diff --git a/libavfilter/src_movie.c b/libavfilter/src_movie.c
index f221286c02..41500f3e92 100644
--- a/libavfilter/src_movie.c
+++ b/libavfilter/src_movie.c
@@ -611,7 +611,7 @@ AVFilter avfilter_avsrc_movie = {
     .uninit        = movie_uninit,
     .query_formats = movie_query_formats,
 
-    .inputs    = (const AVFilterPad[]) {{ .name = NULL }},
+    .inputs    = NULL,
     .outputs   = (const AVFilterPad[]) {{ .name = NULL }},
     .priv_class = &movie_class,
 };
diff --git a/libavfilter/vf_frei0r.c b/libavfilter/vf_frei0r.c
index b40a684b7c..cd0cd6b778 100644
--- a/libavfilter/vf_frei0r.c
+++ b/libavfilter/vf_frei0r.c
@@ -488,7 +488,7 @@ AVFilter avfilter_vsrc_frei0r_src = {
 
     .query_formats = query_formats,
 
-    .inputs    = (const AVFilterPad[]) {{ .name = NULL}},
+    .inputs    = NULL,
 
     .outputs   = (const AVFilterPad[]) {{ .name            = "default",
                                           .type            = AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO,
diff --git a/libavfilter/vsink_nullsink.c b/libavfilter/vsink_nullsink.c
index b5aae21f77..148b250f58 100644
--- a/libavfilter/vsink_nullsink.c
+++ b/libavfilter/vsink_nullsink.c
@@ -45,5 +45,5 @@ AVFilter avfilter_vsink_nullsink = {
         },
         { .name = NULL},
     },
-    .outputs   = (const AVFilterPad[]) {{ .name = NULL }},
+    .outputs   = NULL,
 };
diff --git a/libavfilter/vsrc_testsrc.c b/libavfilter/vsrc_testsrc.c
index 524ba7050e..28d114e379 100644
--- a/libavfilter/vsrc_testsrc.c
+++ b/libavfilter/vsrc_testsrc.c
@@ -533,7 +533,7 @@ AVFilter avfilter_vsrc_testsrc = {
 
     .query_formats   = test_query_formats,
 
-    .inputs    = (const AVFilterPad[]) {{ .name = NULL}},
+    .inputs    = NULL,
 
     .outputs   = (const AVFilterPad[]) {{ .name = "default",
                                           .type = AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO,
@@ -647,7 +647,7 @@ AVFilter avfilter_vsrc_rgbtestsrc = {
 
     .query_formats   = rgbtest_query_formats,
 
-    .inputs    = (const AVFilterPad[]) {{ .name = NULL}},
+    .inputs    = NULL,
 
     .outputs   = (const AVFilterPad[]) {{ .name = "default",
                                           .type = AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO,