mirror of https://github.com/ceph/ceph
228 lines
7.6 KiB
ReStructuredText
228 lines
7.6 KiB
ReStructuredText
=================
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Prometheus plugin
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=================
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Provides a Prometheus exporter to pass on Ceph performance counters
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from the collection point in ceph-mgr. Ceph-mgr receives MMgrReport
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messages from all MgrClient processes (mons and OSDs, for instance)
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with performance counter schema data and actual counter data, and keeps
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a circular buffer of the last N samples. This plugin creates an HTTP
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endpoint (like all Prometheus exporters) and retrieves the latest sample
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of every counter when polled (or "scraped" in Prometheus terminology).
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The HTTP path and query parameters are ignored; all extant counters
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for all reporting entities are returned in text exposition format.
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(See the Prometheus `documentation <https://prometheus.io/docs/instrumenting/exposition_formats/#text-format-details>`_.)
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Enabling prometheus output
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==========================
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The *prometheus* module is enabled with::
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ceph mgr module enable prometheus
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Configuration
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-------------
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By default the module will accept HTTP requests on port ``9283`` on all
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IPv4 and IPv6 addresses on the host. The port and listen address are both
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configurable with ``ceph config-key set``, with keys
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``mgr/prometheus/server_addr`` and ``mgr/prometheus/server_port``.
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This port is registered with Prometheus's `registry <https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/wiki/Default-port-allocations>`_.
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Statistic names and labels
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==========================
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The names of the stats are exactly as Ceph names them, with
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illegal characters ``.``, ``-`` and ``::`` translated to ``_``,
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and ``ceph_`` prefixed to all names.
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All *daemon* statistics have a ``ceph_daemon`` label such as "osd.123"
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that identifies the type and ID of the daemon they come from. Some
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statistics can come from different types of daemon, so when querying
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e.g. an OSD's RocksDB stats, you would probably want to filter
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on ceph_daemon starting with "osd" to avoid mixing in the monitor
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rocksdb stats.
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The *cluster* statistics (i.e. those global to the Ceph cluster)
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have labels appropriate to what they report on. For example,
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metrics relating to pools have a ``pool_id`` label.
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The long running averages that represent the histograms from core Ceph
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are represented by a pair of ``<name>_sum`` and ``<name>_count`` metrics.
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This is similar to how histograms are represented in `Prometheus <https://prometheus.io/docs/concepts/metric_types/#histogram>`_
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and they can also be treated `similarly <https://prometheus.io/docs/practices/histograms/>`_.
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Pool and OSD metadata series
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----------------------------
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Special series are output to enable displaying and querying on
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certain metadata fields.
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Pools have a ``ceph_pool_metadata`` field like this:
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::
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ceph_pool_metadata{pool_id="2",name="cephfs_metadata_a"} 1.0
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OSDs have a ``ceph_osd_metadata`` field like this:
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::
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ceph_osd_metadata{cluster_addr="172.21.9.34:6802/19096",device_class="ssd",ceph_daemon="osd.0",public_addr="172.21.9.34:6801/19096",weight="1.0"} 1.0
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Correlating drive statistics with node_exporter
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-----------------------------------------------
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The prometheus output from Ceph is designed to be used in conjunction
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with the generic host monitoring from the Prometheus node_exporter.
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To enable correlation of Ceph OSD statistics with node_exporter's
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drive statistics, special series are output like this:
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::
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ceph_disk_occupation{ceph_daemon="osd.0",device="sdd", exported_instance="myhost"}
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To use this to get disk statistics by OSD ID, use either the ``and`` operator or
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the ``*`` operator in your prometheus query. All metadata metrics (like ``
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ceph_disk_occupation`` have the value 1 so they act neutral with ``*``. Using ``*``
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allows to use ``group_left`` and ``group_right`` grouping modifiers, so that
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the resulting metric has additional labels from one side of the query.
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See the
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`prometheus documentation`__ for more information about constructing queries.
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__ https://prometheus.io/docs/prometheus/latest/querying/basics
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The goal is to run a query like
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::
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rate(node_disk_bytes_written[30s]) and on (device,instance) ceph_disk_occupation{ceph_daemon="osd.0"}
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Out of the box the above query will not return any metrics since the ``instance`` labels of
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both metrics don't match. The ``instance`` label of ``ceph_disk_occupation``
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will be the currently active MGR node.
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The following two section outline two approaches to remedy this.
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Use label_replace
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=================
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The ``label_replace`` function (cp.
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`label_replace documentation <https://prometheus.io/docs/prometheus/latest/querying/functions/#label_replace>`_)
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can add a label to, or alter a label of, a metric within a query.
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To correlate an OSD and its disks write rate, the following query can be used:
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::
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label_replace(rate(node_disk_bytes_written[30s]), "exported_instance", "$1", "instance", "(.*):.*") and on (device,exported_instance) ceph_disk_occupation{ceph_daemon="osd.0"}
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Configuring Prometheus server
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=============================
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honor_labels
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------------
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To enable Ceph to output properly-labelled data relating to any host,
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use the ``honor_labels`` setting when adding the ceph-mgr endpoints
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to your prometheus configuration.
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This allows Ceph to export the proper ``instance`` label without prometheus
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overwriting it. Without this setting, Prometheus applies an ``instance`` label
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that includes the hostname and port of the endpoint that the series game from.
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Because Ceph clusters have multiple manager daemons, this results in an
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``instance`` label that changes spuriously when the active manager daemon
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changes.
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node_exporter hostname labels
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-----------------------------
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Set your ``instance`` labels to match what appears in Ceph's OSD metadata
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in the ``instance`` field. This is generally the short hostname of the node.
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This is only necessary if you want to correlate Ceph stats with host stats,
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but you may find it useful to do it in all cases in case you want to do
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the correlation in the future.
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Example configuration
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---------------------
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This example shows a single node configuration running ceph-mgr and
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node_exporter on a server called ``senta04``. Note that this requires to add the
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appropriate instance label to every ``node_exporter`` target individually.
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This is just an example: there are other ways to configure prometheus
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scrape targets and label rewrite rules.
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prometheus.yml
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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::
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global:
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scrape_interval: 15s
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evaluation_interval: 15s
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scrape_configs:
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- job_name: 'node'
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file_sd_configs:
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- files:
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- node_targets.yml
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- job_name: 'ceph'
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honor_labels: true
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file_sd_configs:
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- files:
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- ceph_targets.yml
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ceph_targets.yml
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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::
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[
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{
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"targets": [ "senta04.mydomain.com:9283" ],
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"labels": {}
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}
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]
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node_targets.yml
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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::
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[
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{
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"targets": [ "senta04.mydomain.com:9100" ],
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"labels": {
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"instance": "senta04"
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}
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}
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]
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Notes
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=====
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Counters and gauges are exported; currently histograms and long-running
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averages are not. It's possible that Ceph's 2-D histograms could be
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reduced to two separate 1-D histograms, and that long-running averages
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could be exported as Prometheus' Summary type.
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Timestamps, as with many Prometheus exporters, are established by
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the server's scrape time (Prometheus expects that it is polling the
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actual counter process synchronously). It is possible to supply a
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timestamp along with the stat report, but the Prometheus team strongly
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advises against this. This means that timestamps will be delayed by
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an unpredictable amount; it's not clear if this will be problematic,
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but it's worth knowing about.
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