mirror of https://github.com/ceph/ceph
346 lines
12 KiB
ReStructuredText
346 lines
12 KiB
ReStructuredText
=============================
|
|
Storage Cluster Quick Start
|
|
=============================
|
|
|
|
If you haven't completed your `Preflight Checklist`_, do that first. This
|
|
**Quick Start** sets up a :term:`Ceph Storage Cluster` using ``ceph-deploy``
|
|
on your admin node. Create a three Ceph Node cluster so you can
|
|
explore Ceph functionality.
|
|
|
|
.. include:: quick-common.rst
|
|
|
|
As a first exercise, create a Ceph Storage Cluster with one Ceph Monitor and three
|
|
Ceph OSD Daemons. Once the cluster reaches a ``active + clean`` state, expand it
|
|
by adding a fourth Ceph OSD Daemon, a Metadata Server and two more Ceph Monitors.
|
|
For best results, create a directory on your admin node for maintaining the
|
|
configuration files and keys that ``ceph-deploy`` generates for your cluster. ::
|
|
|
|
mkdir my-cluster
|
|
cd my-cluster
|
|
|
|
The ``ceph-deploy`` utility will output files to the current directory. Ensure you
|
|
are in this directory when executing ``ceph-deploy``.
|
|
|
|
.. important:: Do not call ``ceph-deploy`` with ``sudo`` or run it as ``root``
|
|
if you are logged in as a different user, because it will not issue ``sudo``
|
|
commands needed on the remote host.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Starting over
|
|
=============
|
|
|
|
If at any point you run into trouble and you want to start over, execute
|
|
the following to purge the Ceph packages, and erase all its data and configuration::
|
|
|
|
ceph-deploy purge {ceph-node} [{ceph-node}]
|
|
ceph-deploy purgedata {ceph-node} [{ceph-node}]
|
|
ceph-deploy forgetkeys
|
|
rm ceph.*
|
|
|
|
If you execute ``purge``, you must re-install Ceph. The last ``rm``
|
|
command removes any files that were written out by ceph-deploy locally
|
|
during a previous installation.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Create a Cluster
|
|
================
|
|
|
|
On your admin node from the directory you created for holding your
|
|
configuration details, perform the following steps using ``ceph-deploy``.
|
|
|
|
#. Create the cluster. ::
|
|
|
|
ceph-deploy new {initial-monitor-node(s)}
|
|
|
|
Specify node(s) as hostname, fqdn or hostname:fqdn. For example::
|
|
|
|
ceph-deploy new node1
|
|
|
|
Check the output of ``ceph-deploy`` with ``ls`` and ``cat`` in the
|
|
current directory. You should see a Ceph configuration file
|
|
(``ceph.conf``), a monitor secret keyring (``ceph.mon.keyring``),
|
|
and a log file for the new cluster. See `ceph-deploy new -h`_ for
|
|
additional details.
|
|
|
|
#. If you have more than one network interface, add the ``public network``
|
|
setting under the ``[global]`` section of your Ceph configuration file.
|
|
See the `Network Configuration Reference`_ for details. ::
|
|
|
|
public network = {ip-address}/{bits}
|
|
|
|
For example,::
|
|
|
|
public network = 10.1.2.0/24
|
|
|
|
to use IPs in the 10.1.2.0/24 (or 10.1.2.0/255.255.255.0) network.
|
|
|
|
#. If you are deploying in an IPv6 environment, add the following to
|
|
``ceph.conf`` in the local directory::
|
|
|
|
echo ms bind ipv6 = true >> ceph.conf
|
|
|
|
#. Install Ceph packages.::
|
|
|
|
ceph-deploy install {ceph-node} [...]
|
|
|
|
For example::
|
|
|
|
ceph-deploy install node1 node2 node3
|
|
|
|
The ``ceph-deploy`` utility will install Ceph on each node.
|
|
|
|
#. Deploy the initial monitor(s) and gather the keys::
|
|
|
|
ceph-deploy mon create-initial
|
|
|
|
Once you complete the process, your local directory should have the following
|
|
keyrings:
|
|
|
|
- ``ceph.client.admin.keyring``
|
|
- ``ceph.bootstrap-mgr.keyring``
|
|
- ``ceph.bootstrap-osd.keyring``
|
|
- ``ceph.bootstrap-mds.keyring``
|
|
- ``ceph.bootstrap-rgw.keyring``
|
|
- ``ceph.bootstrap-rbd.keyring``
|
|
|
|
.. note:: If this process fails with a message similar to "Unable to
|
|
find /etc/ceph/ceph.client.admin.keyring", please ensure that the
|
|
IP listed for the monitor node in ceph.conf is the Public IP, not
|
|
the Private IP.
|
|
|
|
#. Use ``ceph-deploy`` to copy the configuration file and admin key to
|
|
your admin node and your Ceph Nodes so that you can use the ``ceph``
|
|
CLI without having to specify the monitor address and
|
|
``ceph.client.admin.keyring`` each time you execute a command. ::
|
|
|
|
ceph-deploy admin {ceph-node(s)}
|
|
|
|
For example::
|
|
|
|
ceph-deploy admin node1 node2 node3
|
|
|
|
#. Deploy a manager daemon. (Required only for luminous+ builds)::
|
|
|
|
ceph-deploy mgr create node1 *Required only for luminous+ builds, i.e >= 12.x builds*
|
|
|
|
#. Add three OSDs. For the purposes of these instructions, we assume you have an
|
|
unused disk in each node called ``/dev/vdb``. *Be sure that the device is not currently in use and does not contain any important data.*
|
|
|
|
ceph-deploy osd create {ceph-node}:{device}
|
|
|
|
For example::
|
|
|
|
ceph-deploy osd create node1:vdb node2:vdb node3:vdb
|
|
|
|
#. Check your cluster's health. ::
|
|
|
|
ssh node1 sudo ceph health
|
|
|
|
Your cluster should report ``HEALTH_OK``. You can view a more complete
|
|
cluster status with::
|
|
|
|
ssh node1 sudo ceph -s
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expanding Your Cluster
|
|
======================
|
|
|
|
Once you have a basic cluster up and running, the next step is to
|
|
expand cluster. Add a Ceph Metadata Server to ``node1``. Then add a
|
|
Ceph Monitor and Ceph Manager to ``node2`` and ``node3`` to improve reliability and availability.
|
|
|
|
.. ditaa::
|
|
/------------------\ /----------------\
|
|
| ceph-deploy | | node1 |
|
|
| Admin Node | | cCCC |
|
|
| +-------->+ mon.node1 |
|
|
| | | osd.0 |
|
|
| | | mgr.node1 |
|
|
| | | mds.node1 |
|
|
\---------+--------/ \----------------/
|
|
|
|
|
| /----------------\
|
|
| | node2 |
|
|
| | cCCC |
|
|
+----------------->+ |
|
|
| | osd.0 |
|
|
| | mon.node2 |
|
|
| \----------------/
|
|
|
|
|
| /----------------\
|
|
| | node3 |
|
|
| | cCCC |
|
|
+----------------->+ |
|
|
| osd.1 |
|
|
| mon.node3 |
|
|
\----------------/
|
|
|
|
Add a Metadata Server
|
|
---------------------
|
|
|
|
To use CephFS, you need at least one metadata server. Execute the following to
|
|
create a metadata server::
|
|
|
|
ceph-deploy mds create {ceph-node}
|
|
|
|
For example::
|
|
|
|
ceph-deploy mds create node1
|
|
|
|
Adding Monitors
|
|
---------------
|
|
|
|
A Ceph Storage Cluster requires at least one Ceph Monitor and Ceph
|
|
Manager to run. For high availability, Ceph Storage Clusters typically
|
|
run multiple Ceph Monitors so that the failure of a single Ceph
|
|
Monitor will not bring down the Ceph Storage Cluster. Ceph uses the
|
|
Paxos algorithm, which requires a majority of monitors (i.e., greather
|
|
than *N/2* where *N* is the number of monitors) to form a quorum.
|
|
Odd numbers of monitors tend to be better, although this is not required.
|
|
|
|
.. tip: If you did not define the ``public network`` option above then
|
|
the new monitor will not know which IP address to bind to on the
|
|
new hosts. You can add this line to your ``ceph.conf`` by editing
|
|
it now and then push it out to each node with
|
|
``ceph-deploy --overwrite-conf config push {ceph-nodes}``.
|
|
|
|
Add two Ceph Monitors to your cluster::
|
|
|
|
ceph-deploy mon add {ceph-nodes}
|
|
|
|
For example::
|
|
|
|
ceph-deploy mon add node2 node3
|
|
|
|
Once you have added your new Ceph Monitors, Ceph will begin synchronizing
|
|
the monitors and form a quorum. You can check the quorum status by executing
|
|
the following::
|
|
|
|
ceph quorum_status --format json-pretty
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. tip:: When you run Ceph with multiple monitors, you SHOULD install and
|
|
configure NTP on each monitor host. Ensure that the
|
|
monitors are NTP peers.
|
|
|
|
Adding Managers
|
|
---------------
|
|
|
|
The Ceph Manager daemons operate in an active/standby pattern. Deploying
|
|
additional manager daemons ensures that if one daemon or host fails, another
|
|
one can take over without interrupting service.
|
|
|
|
To deploy additional manager daemons::
|
|
|
|
ceph-deploy mgr create node2 node3
|
|
|
|
You should see the standby managers in the output from::
|
|
|
|
ssh node1 sudo ceph -s
|
|
|
|
|
|
Add an RGW Instance
|
|
-------------------
|
|
|
|
To use the :term:`Ceph Object Gateway` component of Ceph, you must deploy an
|
|
instance of :term:`RGW`. Execute the following to create an new instance of
|
|
RGW::
|
|
|
|
ceph-deploy rgw create {gateway-node}
|
|
|
|
For example::
|
|
|
|
ceph-deploy rgw create node1
|
|
|
|
By default, the :term:`RGW` instance will listen on port 7480. This can be
|
|
changed by editing ceph.conf on the node running the :term:`RGW` as follows:
|
|
|
|
.. code-block:: ini
|
|
|
|
[client]
|
|
rgw frontends = civetweb port=80
|
|
|
|
To use an IPv6 address, use:
|
|
|
|
.. code-block:: ini
|
|
|
|
[client]
|
|
rgw frontends = civetweb port=[::]:80
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Storing/Retrieving Object Data
|
|
==============================
|
|
|
|
To store object data in the Ceph Storage Cluster, a Ceph client must:
|
|
|
|
#. Set an object name
|
|
#. Specify a `pool`_
|
|
|
|
The Ceph Client retrieves the latest cluster map and the CRUSH algorithm
|
|
calculates how to map the object to a `placement group`_, and then calculates
|
|
how to assign the placement group to a Ceph OSD Daemon dynamically. To find the
|
|
object location, all you need is the object name and the pool name. For
|
|
example::
|
|
|
|
ceph osd map {poolname} {object-name}
|
|
|
|
.. topic:: Exercise: Locate an Object
|
|
|
|
As an exercise, lets create an object. Specify an object name, a path to
|
|
a test file containing some object data and a pool name using the
|
|
``rados put`` command on the command line. For example::
|
|
|
|
echo {Test-data} > testfile.txt
|
|
ceph osd pool create mytest 8
|
|
rados put {object-name} {file-path} --pool=mytest
|
|
rados put test-object-1 testfile.txt --pool=mytest
|
|
|
|
To verify that the Ceph Storage Cluster stored the object, execute
|
|
the following::
|
|
|
|
rados -p mytest ls
|
|
|
|
Now, identify the object location::
|
|
|
|
ceph osd map {pool-name} {object-name}
|
|
ceph osd map mytest test-object-1
|
|
|
|
Ceph should output the object's location. For example::
|
|
|
|
osdmap e537 pool 'mytest' (1) object 'test-object-1' -> pg 1.d1743484 (1.4) -> up [1,0] acting [1,0]
|
|
|
|
To remove the test object, simply delete it using the ``rados rm``
|
|
command.
|
|
|
|
For example::
|
|
|
|
rados rm test-object-1 --pool=mytest
|
|
|
|
To delete the ``mytest`` pool::
|
|
|
|
ceph osd pool rm mytest
|
|
|
|
(For safety reasons you will need to supply additional arguments as
|
|
prompted; deleting pools destroys data.)
|
|
|
|
As the cluster evolves, the object location may change dynamically. One benefit
|
|
of Ceph's dynamic rebalancing is that Ceph relieves you from having to perform
|
|
data migration or balancing manually.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. _Preflight Checklist: ../quick-start-preflight
|
|
.. _Ceph Deploy: ../../rados/deployment
|
|
.. _ceph-deploy install -h: ../../rados/deployment/ceph-deploy-install
|
|
.. _ceph-deploy new -h: ../../rados/deployment/ceph-deploy-new
|
|
.. _ceph-deploy osd: ../../rados/deployment/ceph-deploy-osd
|
|
.. _Running Ceph with Upstart: ../../rados/operations/operating#running-ceph-with-upstart
|
|
.. _Running Ceph with sysvinit: ../../rados/operations/operating#running-ceph-with-sysvinit
|
|
.. _CRUSH Map: ../../rados/operations/crush-map
|
|
.. _pool: ../../rados/operations/pools
|
|
.. _placement group: ../../rados/operations/placement-groups
|
|
.. _Monitoring a Cluster: ../../rados/operations/monitoring
|
|
.. _Monitoring OSDs and PGs: ../../rados/operations/monitoring-osd-pg
|
|
.. _Network Configuration Reference: ../../rados/configuration/network-config-ref
|
|
.. _User Management: ../../rados/operations/user-management
|