btrfs-progs: Fix false ENOSPC alert by tracking used space correctly

[BUG]
There is a bug report of unexpected ENOSPC from btrfs-convert, issue #123.

After some debugging, even when we have enough unallocated space, we
still hit ENOSPC at btrfs_reserve_extent().

[CAUSE]
Btrfs-progs relies on chunk preallocator to make enough space for
data/metadata.

However after the introduction of delayed-ref, it's no longer reliable
to rely on btrfs_space_info::bytes_used and
btrfs_space_info::bytes_pinned to calculate used metadata space.

For a running transaction with a lot of allocated tree blocks,
btrfs_space_info::bytes_used stays its original value, and will only be
updated when running delayed ref.

This makes btrfs-progs chunk preallocator completely useless. And for
btrfs-convert/mkfs.btrfs --rootdir, if we're going to have enough
metadata to fill a metadata block group in one transaction, we will hit
ENOSPC no matter whether we have enough unallocated space.

[FIX]
This patch will introduce btrfs_space_info::bytes_reserved to track how
many space we have reserved but not yet committed to extent tree.

To support this change, this commit also introduces the following
modification:

- More comment on btrfs_space_info::bytes_*
  To make code a little easier to read

- Export update_space_info() to preallocate empty data/metadata space
  info for mkfs.
  For mkfs, we only have a temporary fs image with SYSTEM chunk only.
  Export update_space_info() so that we can preallocate empty
  data/metadata space info before we start a transaction.

- Proper btrfs_space_info::bytes_reserved update
  The timing is the as kernel (except we don't need to update
  bytes_reserved for data extents)
  * Increase bytes_reserved when call alloc_reserved_tree_block()
  * Decrease bytes_reserved when running delayed refs
    With the help of head->must_insert_reserved to determine whether we
    need to decrease.

Issue: #123
Signed-off-by: Qu Wenruo <wqu@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>

ctree.h

@@ -1058,8 +1058,29 @@ struct btrfs_qgroup_limit_item {
 struct btrfs_space_info {
 	u64 flags;
 	u64 total_bytes;
+	/*
+	 * Space already used.
+	 * Only accounting space in current extent tree, thus delayed ref
+	 * won't be accounted here.
+	 */
 	u64 bytes_used;
+
+	/*
+	 * Space being pinned down.
+	 * So extent allocator will not try to allocate space from them.
+	 *
+	 * For cases like extents being freed in current transaction, or
+	 * manually pinned bytes for re-initializing certain trees.
+	 */
 	u64 bytes_pinned;
+
+	/*
+	 * Space being reserved.
+	 * Space has already being reserved but not yet reach extent tree.
+	 *
+	 * New tree blocks allocated in current transaction goes here.
+	 */
+	u64 bytes_reserved;
 	int full;
 	struct list_head list;
 };
@@ -2513,6 +2534,9 @@ int btrfs_update_extent_ref(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
 			    u64 root_objectid, u64 ref_generation,
 			    u64 owner_objectid);
 int btrfs_write_dirty_block_groups(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans);
+int update_space_info(struct btrfs_fs_info *info, u64 flags,
+		      u64 total_bytes, u64 bytes_used,
+		      struct btrfs_space_info **space_info);
 int btrfs_free_block_groups(struct btrfs_fs_info *info);
 int btrfs_read_block_groups(struct btrfs_root *root);
 struct btrfs_block_group_cache *

extent-tree.c

@@ -1630,9 +1630,9 @@ static int free_space_info(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info, u64 flags,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int update_space_info(struct btrfs_fs_info *info, u64 flags,
+int update_space_info(struct btrfs_fs_info *info, u64 flags,
-			     u64 total_bytes, u64 bytes_used,
+		      u64 total_bytes, u64 bytes_used,
-			     struct btrfs_space_info **space_info)
+		      struct btrfs_space_info **space_info)
 {
 	struct btrfs_space_info *found;
 
@@ -1658,6 +1658,7 @@ static int update_space_info(struct btrfs_fs_info *info, u64 flags,
 	found->total_bytes = total_bytes;
 	found->bytes_used = bytes_used;
 	found->bytes_pinned = 0;
+	found->bytes_reserved = 0;
 	found->full = 0;
 	*space_info = found;
 	return 0;
@@ -1703,8 +1704,8 @@ static int do_chunk_alloc(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
 		return 0;
 
 	thresh = div_factor(space_info->total_bytes, 7);
-	if ((space_info->bytes_used + space_info->bytes_pinned + alloc_bytes) <
+	if ((space_info->bytes_used + space_info->bytes_pinned +
-	    thresh)
+	     space_info->bytes_reserved + alloc_bytes) < thresh)
 		return 0;
 
 	/*
@@ -2375,6 +2376,7 @@ static int alloc_reserved_tree_block(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
 	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = trans->fs_info;
 	struct btrfs_extent_item *extent_item;
 	struct btrfs_extent_inline_ref *iref;
+	struct btrfs_space_info *sinfo;
 	struct extent_buffer *leaf;
 	struct btrfs_path *path;
 	struct btrfs_key ins;
@@ -2382,6 +2384,9 @@ static int alloc_reserved_tree_block(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
 	u64 start, end;
 	int ret;
 
+	sinfo = __find_space_info(fs_info, BTRFS_BLOCK_GROUP_METADATA);
+	ASSERT(sinfo);
+
 	ins.objectid = node->bytenr;
 	if (skinny_metadata) {
 		ins.offset = ref->level;
@@ -2442,6 +2447,14 @@ static int alloc_reserved_tree_block(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
 
 	ret = update_block_group(fs_info, ins.objectid, fs_info->nodesize, 1,
 				 0);
+	if (sinfo) {
+		if (fs_info->nodesize > sinfo->bytes_reserved) {
+			WARN_ON(1);
+			sinfo->bytes_reserved = 0;
+		} else {
+			sinfo->bytes_reserved -= fs_info->nodesize;
+		}
+	}
 
 	if (ref->root == BTRFS_EXTENT_TREE_OBJECTID) {
 		clear_extent_bits(&trans->fs_info->extent_ins, start, end,
@@ -2461,6 +2474,8 @@ static int alloc_tree_block(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
 	int ret;
 	u64 extent_size;
 	struct btrfs_delayed_extent_op *extent_op;
+	struct btrfs_space_info *sinfo;
+	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = root->fs_info;
 	bool skinny_metadata = btrfs_fs_incompat(root->fs_info,
 						 SKINNY_METADATA);
 
@@ -2468,6 +2483,11 @@ static int alloc_tree_block(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
 	if (!extent_op)
 		return -ENOMEM;
 
+	sinfo = __find_space_info(fs_info, BTRFS_BLOCK_GROUP_METADATA);
+	if (!sinfo) {
+		error("Corrupted fs, no valid METADATA block group found");
+		return -EUCLEAN;
+	}
 	ret = btrfs_reserve_extent(trans, root, num_bytes, empty_size,
 				   hint_byte, search_end, ins, 0);
 	if (ret < 0)
@@ -2500,6 +2520,7 @@ static int alloc_tree_block(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
 		BUG_ON(ret);
 	}
 
+	sinfo->bytes_reserved += extent_size;
 	ret = btrfs_add_delayed_tree_ref(root->fs_info, trans, ins->objectid,
 					 extent_size, 0, root_objectid,
 					 level, BTRFS_ADD_DELAYED_EXTENT,
@@ -2837,6 +2858,10 @@ int btrfs_free_block_groups(struct btrfs_fs_info *info)
 		sinfo = list_entry(info->space_info.next,
 				   struct btrfs_space_info, list);
 		list_del_init(&sinfo->list);
+		if (sinfo->bytes_reserved)
+			warning(
+		"reserved space leaked, flag=0x%llx bytes_reserved=%llu",
+				sinfo->flags, sinfo->bytes_reserved);
 		kfree(sinfo);
 	}
 	return 0;
@@ -3943,8 +3968,17 @@ int cleanup_ref_head(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
 	rb_erase(&head->href_node, &delayed_refs->href_root);
 	RB_CLEAR_NODE(&head->href_node);
 
-	if (head->must_insert_reserved)
+	if (head->must_insert_reserved) {
 		btrfs_pin_extent(fs_info, head->bytenr, head->num_bytes);
+		if (!head->is_data) {
+			struct btrfs_space_info *sinfo;
+
+			sinfo = __find_space_info(trans->fs_info,
+					BTRFS_BLOCK_GROUP_METADATA);
+			ASSERT(sinfo);
+			sinfo->bytes_reserved -= head->num_bytes;
+		}
+	}
 
 	btrfs_put_delayed_ref_head(head);
 	return 0;

mkfs/main.c

@@ -59,11 +59,22 @@ static int create_metadata_block_groups(struct btrfs_root *root, int mixed,
 {
 	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = root->fs_info;
 	struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans;
+	struct btrfs_space_info *sinfo;
 	u64 bytes_used;
 	u64 chunk_start = 0;
 	u64 chunk_size = 0;
 	int ret;
 
+	/* Create needed space info to trace extents reservation */
+	ret = update_space_info(fs_info, BTRFS_BLOCK_GROUP_METADATA,
+				0, 0, &sinfo);
+	if (ret < 0)
+		return ret;
+	ret = update_space_info(fs_info, BTRFS_BLOCK_GROUP_DATA,
+				0, 0, &sinfo);
+	if (ret < 0)
+		return ret;
+
 	trans = btrfs_start_transaction(root, 1);
 	BUG_ON(IS_ERR(trans));
 	bytes_used = btrfs_super_bytes_used(fs_info->super_copy);

transaction.c

@@ -159,6 +159,7 @@ int btrfs_commit_transaction(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
 	u64 transid = trans->transid;
 	int ret = 0;
 	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = root->fs_info;
+	struct btrfs_space_info *sinfo;
 
 	if (trans->fs_info->transaction_aborted)
 		return -EROFS;
@@ -210,6 +211,13 @@ commit_tree:
 	root->commit_root = NULL;
 	fs_info->running_transaction = NULL;
 	fs_info->last_trans_committed = transid;
+	list_for_each_entry(sinfo, &fs_info->space_info, list) {
+		if (sinfo->bytes_reserved) {
+			warning(
+	"reserved space leaked, transid=%llu flag=0x%llx bytes_reserved=%llu",
+				transid, sinfo->flags, sinfo->bytes_reserved);
+		}
+	}
 	return ret;
 error:
 	btrfs_destroy_delayed_refs(trans);