diff --git a/inhibit/inhibit_bench_test.go b/inhibit/inhibit_bench_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ec09860e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/inhibit/inhibit_bench_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,180 @@
+// Copyright 2024 The Prometheus Authors
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package inhibit
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"strconv"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/go-kit/log"
+	"github.com/prometheus/client_golang/prometheus"
+	"github.com/prometheus/common/model"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+
+	"github.com/prometheus/alertmanager/config"
+	"github.com/prometheus/alertmanager/pkg/labels"
+	"github.com/prometheus/alertmanager/provider/mem"
+	"github.com/prometheus/alertmanager/types"
+)
+
+// BenchmarkMutes benchmarks the Mutes method for the Muter interface
+// for different numbers of inhibition rules.
+func BenchmarkMutes(b *testing.B) {
+	b.Run("1 inhibition rule, 1 inhibiting alert", func(b *testing.B) {
+		benchmarkMutes(b, defaultBenchmark(b, 1, 1))
+	})
+	b.Run("10 inhibition rules, 1 inhibiting alert", func(b *testing.B) {
+		benchmarkMutes(b, defaultBenchmark(b, 10, 1))
+	})
+	b.Run("100 inhibition rules, 1 inhibiting alert", func(b *testing.B) {
+		benchmarkMutes(b, defaultBenchmark(b, 100, 1))
+	})
+	b.Run("1000 inhibition rules, 1 inhibiting alert", func(b *testing.B) {
+		benchmarkMutes(b, defaultBenchmark(b, 1000, 1))
+	})
+	b.Run("10000 inhibition rules, 1 inhibiting alert", func(b *testing.B) {
+		benchmarkMutes(b, defaultBenchmark(b, 10000, 1))
+	})
+	b.Run("1 inhibition rule, 10 inhibiting alerts", func(b *testing.B) {
+		benchmarkMutes(b, defaultBenchmark(b, 1, 10))
+	})
+	b.Run("1 inhibition rule, 100 inhibiting alerts", func(b *testing.B) {
+		benchmarkMutes(b, defaultBenchmark(b, 1, 100))
+	})
+	b.Run("1 inhibition rule, 1000 inhibiting alerts", func(b *testing.B) {
+		benchmarkMutes(b, defaultBenchmark(b, 1, 1000))
+	})
+	b.Run("1 inhibition rule, 10000 inhibiting alerts", func(b *testing.B) {
+		benchmarkMutes(b, defaultBenchmark(b, 1, 10000))
+	})
+	b.Run("100 inhibition rules, 1000 inhibiting alerts", func(b *testing.B) {
+		benchmarkMutes(b, defaultBenchmark(b, 100, 1000))
+	})
+}
+
+// benchmarkOptions allows the declaration of a wide range of benchmarks.
+type benchmarkOptions struct {
+	// n is the total number of inhibition rules.
+	n int
+	// newRuleFunc creates the next inhibition rule. It is called n times.
+	newRuleFunc func(idx int) config.InhibitRule
+	// newAlertsFunc creates the inhibiting alerts for each inhibition rule.
+	// It is called n times.
+	newAlertsFunc func(idx int, r config.InhibitRule) []types.Alert
+	// benchFunc runs the benchmark.
+	benchFunc func(mutesFunc func(model.LabelSet) bool) error
+}
+
+// defaultBenchmark returns the default benchmark. It supports a number of
+// variations, including customization of the number of inhibition rules,
+// and the number of inhibiting alerts per inhibition rule.
+//
+// The source matchers are suffixed with the position of the inhibition rule
+// in the list. For example, src=1, src=2, etc. The target matchers are
+// the same across all inhibition rules (dst=0).
+//
+// Each inhibition rule can have zero or more alerts that match the source
+// matchers, and is determined with numInhibitingAlerts.
+//
+// The default benchmark expects dst=0 to be muted and will fail if not.
+func defaultBenchmark(b *testing.B, numInhibitionRules, numInhibitingAlerts int) benchmarkOptions {
+	return benchmarkOptions{
+		n: numInhibitionRules,
+		newRuleFunc: func(idx int) config.InhibitRule {
+			return config.InhibitRule{
+				SourceMatchers: config.Matchers{
+					mustNewMatcher(b, labels.MatchEqual, "src", strconv.Itoa(idx)),
+				},
+				TargetMatchers: config.Matchers{
+					mustNewMatcher(b, labels.MatchEqual, "dst", "0"),
+				},
+			}
+		},
+		newAlertsFunc: func(idx int, _ config.InhibitRule) []types.Alert {
+			var alerts []types.Alert
+			for i := 0; i < numInhibitingAlerts; i++ {
+				alerts = append(alerts, types.Alert{
+					Alert: model.Alert{
+						Labels: model.LabelSet{
+							"src": model.LabelValue(strconv.Itoa(idx)),
+							"idx": model.LabelValue(strconv.Itoa(i)),
+						},
+					},
+				})
+			}
+			return alerts
+		}, benchFunc: func(mutesFunc func(set model.LabelSet) bool) error {
+			if ok := mutesFunc(model.LabelSet{"dst": "0"}); !ok {
+				return errors.New("expected dst=0 to be muted")
+			}
+			return nil
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+func benchmarkMutes(b *testing.B, opts benchmarkOptions) {
+	r := prometheus.NewRegistry()
+	m := types.NewMarker(r)
+	s, err := mem.NewAlerts(context.TODO(), m, time.Minute, nil, log.NewNopLogger(), r)
+	if err != nil {
+		b.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer s.Close()
+
+	alerts, rules := benchmarkFromOptions(opts)
+	for _, a := range alerts {
+		tmp := a
+		if err = s.Put(&tmp); err != nil {
+			b.Fatal(err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	ih := NewInhibitor(s, rules, m, log.NewNopLogger())
+	defer ih.Stop()
+	go ih.Run()
+
+	// Wait some time for the inhibitor to seed its cache.
+	waitDuration := time.Millisecond * time.Duration(len(alerts))
+	if waitDuration > time.Second {
+		waitDuration = time.Second
+	}
+	<-time.After(waitDuration)
+	b.ResetTimer()
+
+	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+		require.NoError(b, opts.benchFunc(ih.Mutes))
+	}
+}
+
+func benchmarkFromOptions(opts benchmarkOptions) ([]types.Alert, []config.InhibitRule) {
+	var (
+		alerts = make([]types.Alert, 0, opts.n)
+		rules  = make([]config.InhibitRule, 0, opts.n)
+	)
+	for i := 0; i < opts.n; i++ {
+		r := opts.newRuleFunc(i)
+		alerts = append(alerts, opts.newAlertsFunc(i, r)...)
+		rules = append(rules, r)
+	}
+	return alerts, rules
+}
+
+func mustNewMatcher(b *testing.B, op labels.MatchType, name, value string) *labels.Matcher {
+	m, err := labels.NewMatcher(op, name, value)
+	require.NoError(b, err)
+	return m
+}