DSInternals/Src/DSInternals.PowerShell/ADDBRestoreFromMediaScriptTemplate.ps1
2019-06-14 07:44:02 +02:00

163 lines
9.1 KiB
PowerShell

<#
.SYNOPSIS
Restores the {DCName} domain controller from ntds.dit.
.REMARKS
This script should only be executed on a freshly installed {OSName}. Use at your own risk.
The DSInternals PowerShell module must be installed for all users on the target server.
Author: Michael Grafnetter
#>
#Requires -Version 3 -Modules DSInternals,ServerManager,PSScheduledJob -RunAsAdministrator
# Perform a VSS backup before doing anything else.
Write-Host 'Creating a snapshot of the system drive to make rollback possible...'
$vssResult = ([wmiclass] 'Win32_ShadowCopy').Create("$env:SystemDrive\", 'ClientAccessible')
# The PS module must be present as workflows cannot contain non-existing activities.
Write-Host 'Installing the Active Directory module for Windows PowerShell...'
Add-WindowsFeature -Name RSAT-AD-PowerShell -ErrorAction Stop
# All the other operations will be executed by a restartable workflow running in SYSTEM context.
Write-Host 'Registering restartable workflows...'
# Delete any pre-existing scheduled jobs with the same names before registering new ones.
Unregister-ScheduledJob -Name DSInternals-RFM-Initializer,DSInternals-RFM-Resumer -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
# The DSInternals-RFM-Initializer job will only be executed once in order to register the workflow and to invoke it for the first time.
$initTask = Register-ScheduledJob -Name DSInternals-RFM-Initializer -ScriptBlock {
workflow Restore-DomainController
{
if ($env:COMPUTERNAME -ne '{DCName}')
{
# A server rename operation is required.
Rename-Computer -NewName '{DCName}' -Force
# We explicitly suspend the workflow as Restart-Computer with the -Wait parameter does not survive local reboots.
shutdown.exe /r /t 5
Suspend-Workflow -Label 'Waiting for reboot'
}
if ((Get-Service NTDS -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue) -eq $null)
{
# A DC promotion is required.
# Note: In order to maintain compatibility with Windows Server 2008 R2, the ADDSDeployment module is not used.
# Advice: It is recommenced to change the DSRM password after DC promotion.
dcpromo.exe /unattend /ReplicaOrNewDomain:Domain /NewDomain:Forest /NewDomainDNSName:"{DomainName}" /DomainNetBiosName:"{NetBIOSDomainName}" /DomainLevel:{DomainMode} /ForestLevel:{ForestMode} '/SafeModeAdminPassword:"{DSRMPassword}"' /DatabasePath:"{TargetDBDirPath}" /LogPath:"{TargetLogDirPath}" /SysVolPath:"{TargetSysvolPath}" /AllowDomainReinstall:Yes /CreateDNSDelegation:No /DNSOnNetwork:No /InstallDNS:Yes /RebootOnCompletion:No
Set-ItemProperty -Path registry::HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\ServerManager\Roles\10 -Name ConfigurationStatus -Value 2 -Force
<# Alternative approach for Winows Server 2012+
Install-WindowsFeature -Name AD-Domain-Services
Install-ADDSForest -DomainName '{DomainName}' `
-DomainNetbiosName '{NetBIOSDomainName}' `
-ForestMode {ForestModeString} `
-DomainMode {DomainModeString} `
-DatabasePath "{TargetDBDirPath}" `
-LogPath "{TargetLogDirPath}" `
-SysvolPath "{TargetSysvolPath}" `
-InstallDns `
-CreateDnsDelegation:$false `
-NoDnsOnNetwork `
-SafeModeAdministratorPassword (ConvertTo-SecureString -String '{DSRMPassword}' -AsPlainText -Force)`
-NoRebootOnCompletion `
-Force
#>
}
# Reboot the computer into the Directory Services Restore Mode.
bcdedit.exe /set safeboot dsrepair
shutdown.exe /r /t 5
Suspend-Workflow -Label 'Waiting for reboot'
# Re-encrypt the DB with the new boot key.
$currentBootKey = Get-BootKey -Online
Set-ADDBBootKey -DatabasePath '{SourceDBPath}' -LogPath '{SourceLogDirPath}' -OldBootKey {OldBootKey} -NewBootKey $currentBootKey
# Clone the DC account password.
$ntdsParams = Get-ItemProperty -Path registry::HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\NTDS\Parameters
InlineScript {
# Note: SupplementalCredentials do not get serialized properly without using the InlineScript activity.
$dcAccount = Get-ADDBAccount -SamAccountName '{DCName}$' -DatabasePath $using:ntdsParams.'DSA Database file' -LogPath $using:ntdsParams.'Database log files path' -BootKey $using:currentBootKey
Set-ADDBAccountPasswordHash -ObjectGuid {DCGuid} -NTHash $dcAccount.NTHash -SupplementalCredentials $dcAccount.SupplementalCredentials -DatabasePath '{SourceDBPath}' -LogPath '{SourceLogDirPath}' -BootKey $using:currentBootKey
}
# Replace the database and transaction logs.
robocopy.exe '{SourceDBDirPath}' $ntdsParams.'DSA Working Directory' *.dit *.edb *.chk *.jfm /MIR /NP /NDL /NJS
robocopy.exe '{SourceLogDirPath}' $ntdsParams.'Database log files path' *.log *.jrs /MIR /NP /NDL /NJS
# Replace SYSVOL.
robocopy.exe '{SourceSysvolPath}\{DomainName}' "{TargetSysvolPath}\domain" /MIR /XD DfsrPrivate /XJ /COPYALL /SECFIX /TIMFIX /NP /NDL
# Reconfigure LSA policies. We would get into a BSOD loop if they do not match the corresponding values in the database.
Set-LsaPolicyInformation -DomainName '{NetBIOSDomainName}' -DnsDomainName '{DomainName}' -DnsForestName '{ForestName}' -DomainGuid {DomainGuid} -DomainSid {DomainSid}
# Tell the DC that its DB has intentionally been restored. A new InvocationID will be generated as soon as the service starts.
Set-ItemProperty -Path registry::HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\NTDS\Parameters -Name 'Database restored from backup' -Value 1 -Force
Remove-ItemProperty -Path registry::HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\NTDS\Parameters -Name 'DSA Database Epoch' -Force
# Disable DSRM and do one last reboot.
bcdedit.exe /deletevalue safeboot
shutdown.exe /r /t 5
Suspend-Workflow -Label 'Waiting for reboot'
# Reconfigure SYSVOL replication in case it has been restored to a different path.
# Update DFS-R subscription if present in AD.
$dfsrSubscriptionDN = 'CN=SYSVOL Subscription,CN=Domain System Volume,CN=DFSR-LocalSettings,{DCDistinguishedName}'
$dfsrSubscription = Set-ADObject -Identity $dfsrSubscriptionDN -Server localhost -PassThru -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue -Replace @{
'msDFSR-RootPath' = "{TargetSysvolPath}\domain";
'msDFSR-StagingPath' = "{TargetSysvolPath}\staging areas\{DomainName}"
}
if($dfsrSubscription -ne $null)
{
# Download the updated DFS-R configuration from AD.
Invoke-WmiMethod -Class DfsrConfig -Name PollDsNow -ArgumentList localhost -Namespace ROOT\MicrosoftDfs
}
# Update FRS subscription if present in AD.
$frsSubscriptionDN = 'CN=Domain System Volume (SYSVOL share),CN=NTFRS Subscriptions,{DCDistinguishedName}'
$frsSubscription = Set-ADObject -Identity $frsSubscriptionDN -Server localhost -PassThru -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue -Replace @{
'fRSRootPath' = "{TargetSysvolPath}\domain";
'fRSStagingPath' = "{TargetSysvolPath}\staging\domain"
}
if($frsSubscription -ne $null)
{
# Download the updated FRS configuration from AD.
InlineScript { ntfrsutl.exe poll /now }
}
}
# Delete any pre-existing workflows with the same name before starting a new one.
Remove-Job -Name DSInternals-RFM-Workflow -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
# Start the workflow.
Restore-DomainController -JobName DSInternals-RFM-Workflow
}
# The DSInternals-RFM-Resumer job will be executed after each reboot to unpause the workflow.
$resumeTask = Register-ScheduledJob -Name DSInternals-RFM-Resumer -Trigger (New-JobTrigger -AtStartup) -ScriptBlock {
# Unregister the one-time task that must already have been executed.
Unregister-ScheduledJob -Name DSInternals-RFM-Initializer -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
# Resume the workflow after the computer is rebooted.
Resume-Job -Name DSInternals-RFM-Workflow -Wait | Wait-Job | where State -In Completed,Failed,Stopped | foreach {
# Perform cleanup when finished.
Remove-Job -Job $PSItem -Force
Unregister-ScheduledJob -Name DSInternals-RFM-Resumer -Force
}
}
# Configure the scheduled tasks to run under the SYSTEM account.
# Note: In order to maintain compatibility with Windows Server 2008 R2, the ScheduledTasks module is not used.
schtasks.exe /Change /TN '\Microsoft\Windows\PowerShell\ScheduledJobs\DSInternals-RFM-Initializer' /RU SYSTEM | Out-Null
schtasks.exe /Change /TN '\Microsoft\Windows\PowerShell\ScheduledJobs\DSInternals-RFM-Resumer' /RU SYSTEM | Out-Null
# Start the workflow task and let the magic happen.
Write-Host 'The {DCName} domain controller will now be restored from media. Up to 3 reboots will follow.'
pause
$initTask.RunAsTask()