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123 lines
3.1 KiB
Groff
123 lines
3.1 KiB
Groff
.TH PASTE 1 paste-VERSION "Apr 2013"
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.SH NAME
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paste \- merge corresponding or subsequent lines of files
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.SH "SYNOPSIS"
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.PP
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.B paste
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[
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.B \-s
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]
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[
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.B \-d
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.I list
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]
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.I file...
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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The
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.B paste
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utility concatenates the corresponding lines of the given input files,
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and writes the resulting lines to standard output. The default operation
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of
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.B paste
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concatenates the corresponding lines of the input files.
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The newline of every line except the line from the last input file is
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replaced with a tab.
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If an end-of-file condition is detected on one or more input files,
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but not all input files,
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.B paste
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behaves as though empty lines were read from the files on which
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end-of-file was detected, unless the
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.B \-s
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option is specified.
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.SH OPTIONS
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.TP
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.B \-d list
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unless a backslash character appears in
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.I list
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each character is an element specifying a delimiter.
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If a backslash character appears, that and one or more characters
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following it are an element specifying a delimiter.
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These elements specify one or more characters to use,
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instead of the default tab, to replace the newline of the input
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lines. The elements in
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.I list
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are used circularly; that is, when the
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.I list
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is exhausted the first element from the list is reused.
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When the
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.B \-s
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option is specified, the last newline in a file is not be modified.
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The delimiter is reset to the first element of list after each file
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operand is processed.
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If a backslash character appears in list, it and the character following
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it represents the following delimiters:
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.RS
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.TP
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.I \en
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newline character
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.TP
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.I \et
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tab character
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.TP
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.I \e\e
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backslash character
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.TP
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.I \e0
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empty string (not a null character)
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.TP
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If Any other characters follow the backslash, results are unspecified.
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.RE
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.TP
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.B \-s
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concatenate all of the lines of each separate input file in command line
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order. The newline of every line except the last line in each input file
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are replaced with the tab, unless otherwise specified by the
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.B \-d
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option.
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.PP
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If '\-' is specified for one or more input files, the standard input is
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used; standard input is read one line at a time, circularly for each
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instance of '\-'.
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.SH EXIT VALUES
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The
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.B paste
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utility exits 0 on successful completion, and >0 if an error
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occurs.
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.SH ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
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The following environment variables affect the execution:
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.TP
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.B LANG
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provide a default value for the internationalization variables
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that are unset or null.
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.TP
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.B LC_ALL
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if set to a non-empty string value, override the values of all the
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other internationalization variables.
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.TP
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.B LC_CTYPE
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determine the locale for the interpretation of sequences of bytes
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of text data as characters (for example, single-byte as opposed to
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multi-byte characters in arguments and input files).
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.TP
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.B LC_MESSAGES
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determine the locale that should be used to affect the format and
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contents of diagnostic messages written to standard error.
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.SH CONFORMING TO
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The
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.B paste
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utility is IEEE Std 1003.2 (POSIX.2) compatible.
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.SH EXAMPLES
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.TP
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.I "ls | paste - - - -"
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.PP
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Write out a directory in four columns.
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.TP
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.I "paste -s -d '\et\en' file"
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.PP
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Combine pairs of lines from a file into single lines.
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.SH AUTHOR
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Written by Lorenzo Cogotti.
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.SH SEE ALSO
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.BR cut(1)
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.BR lam(1)
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