mpv/DOCS/man/vf.rst

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VIDEO FILTERS
=============
Video filters allow you to modify the video stream and its properties. All of
the information described in this section applies to audio filters as well
(generally using the prefix ``--af`` instead of ``--vf``).
The exact syntax is:
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``--vf=<filter1[=parameter1:parameter2:...],filter2,...>``
Setup a chain of video filters. This consists on the filter name, and an
option list of parameters after ``=``. The parameters are separated by
``:`` (not ``,``, as that starts a new filter entry).
Before the filter name, a label can be specified with ``@name:``, where
name is an arbitrary user-given name, which identifies the filter. This
is only needed if you want to toggle the filter at runtime.
A ``!`` before the filter name means the filter is enabled by default. It
will be skipped on filter creation. This is also useful for runtime filter
toggling.
See the ``vf`` command (and ``toggle`` sub-command) for further explanations
and examples.
The general filter entry syntax is:
``["@"<label-name>":"] ["!"] <filter-name> [ "=" <filter-parameter-list> ]``
or for the special "toggle" syntax (see ``vf`` command):
``"@"<label-name>``
and the ``filter-parameter-list``:
``<filter-parameter> | <filter-parameter> "," <filter-parameter-list>``
and ``filter-parameter``:
``( <param-name> "=" <param-value> ) | <param-value>``
``param-value`` can further be quoted in ``[`` / ``]`` in case the value
contains characters like ``,`` or ``=``. This is used in particular with
the ``lavfi`` filter, which uses a very similar syntax as mpv (MPlayer
historically) to specify filters and their parameters.
Filters can be manipulated at run time. You can use ``@`` labels as described
above in combination with the ``vf`` command (see `COMMAND INTERFACE`_) to get
more control over this. Initially disabled filters with ``!`` are useful for
this as well.
You can also set defaults for each filter. The defaults are applied before the
normal filter parameters. This is deprecated and never worked for the
libavfilter bridge.
``--vf-defaults=<filter1[=parameter1:parameter2:...],filter2,...>``
Set defaults for each filter. (Deprecated. ``--af-defaults`` is deprecated
as well.)
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.. note::
To get a full list of available video filters, see ``--vf=help`` and
http://ffmpeg.org/ffmpeg-filters.html .
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Also, keep in mind that most actual filters are available via the ``lavfi``
wrapper, which gives you access to most of libavfilter's filters. This
includes all filters that have been ported from MPlayer to libavfilter.
Most builtin filters are deprecated in some ways, unless they're only available
in mpv (such as filters which deal with mpv specifics, or which are
implemented in mpv only).
If a filter is not builtin, the ``lavfi-bridge`` will be automatically
tried. This bridge does not support help output, and does not verify
parameters before the filter is actually used. Although the mpv syntax
is rather similar to libavfilter's, it's not the same. (Which means not
everything accepted by vf_lavfi's ``graph`` option will be accepted by
``--vf``.)
You can also prefix the filter name with ``lavfi-`` to force the wrapper.
This is helpful if the filter name collides with a deprecated mpv builtin
filter. For example ``--vf=lavfi-scale=args`` would use libavfilter's
``scale`` filter over mpv's deprecated builtin one.
Video filters are managed in lists. There are a few commands to manage the
filter list.
``--vf-add=filter``
Appends the filter given as arguments to the filter list. (Passing multiple
filters is currently still possible, but deprecated.)
``--vf-pre=filter``
Prepends the filters given as arguments to the filter list. (Passing
multiple filters is currently still possible, but deprecated.)
``--vf-del=filter``
Deletes the filter. The filter can even given the way it was added (filter
name and its full argument list), by label (prefixed with ``@``), or as
index number. Index numbers start at 0, negative numbers address the end of
the list (-1 is the last). (Passing multiple filters is currently still
possible, but deprecated.)
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``--vf-clr``
Completely empties the filter list.
With filters that support it, you can access parameters by their name.
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``--vf=<filter>=help``
Prints the parameter names and parameter value ranges for a particular
filter.
Available mpv-only filters are:
``format=fmt=<value>:colormatrix=<value>:...``
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Restricts the color space for the next filter without doing any conversion.
Use together with the scale filter for a real conversion.
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.. note::
For a list of available formats, see ``format=fmt=help``.
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``<fmt>``
Format name, e.g. rgb15, bgr24, 420p, etc. (default: don't change).
video: rewrite filtering glue code Get rid of the old vf.c code. Replace it with a generic filtering framework, which can potentially handle more than just --vf. At least reimplementing --af with this code is planned. This changes some --vf semantics (including runtime behavior and the "vf" command). The most important ones are listed in interface-changes. vf_convert.c is renamed to f_swscale.c. It is now an internal filter that can not be inserted by the user manually. f_lavfi.c is a refactor of player/lavfi.c. The latter will be removed once --lavfi-complex is reimplemented on top of f_lavfi.c. (which is conceptually easy, but a big mess due to the data flow changes). The existing filters are all changed heavily. The data flow of the new filter framework is different. Especially EOF handling changes - EOF is now a "frame" rather than a state, and must be passed through exactly once. Another major thing is that all filters must support dynamic format changes. The filter reconfig() function goes away. (This sounds complex, but since all filters need to handle EOF draining anyway, they can use the same code, and it removes the mess with reconfig() having to predict the output format, which completely breaks with libavfilter anyway.) In addition, there is no automatic format negotiation or conversion. libavfilter's primitive and insufficient API simply doesn't allow us to do this in a reasonable way. Instead, filters can use f_autoconvert as sub-filter, and tell it which formats they support. This filter will in turn add actual conversion filters, such as f_swscale, to perform necessary format changes. vf_vapoursynth.c uses the same basic principle of operation as before, but with worryingly different details in data flow. Still appears to work. The hardware deint filters (vf_vavpp.c, vf_d3d11vpp.c, vf_vdpaupp.c) are heavily changed. Fortunately, they all used refqueue.c, which is for sharing the data flow logic (especially for managing future/past surfaces and such). It turns out it can be used to factor out most of the data flow. Some of these filters accepted software input. Instead of having ad-hoc upload code in each filter, surface upload is now delegated to f_autoconvert, which can use f_hwupload to perform this. Exporting VO capabilities is still a big mess (mp_stream_info stuff). The D3D11 code drops the redundant image formats, and all code uses the hw_subfmt (sw_format in FFmpeg) instead. Although that too seems to be a big mess for now. f_async_queue is unused.
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``<colormatrix>``
Controls the YUV to RGB color space conversion when playing video. There
are various standards. Normally, BT.601 should be used for SD video, and
BT.709 for HD video. (This is done by default.) Using incorrect color space
results in slightly under or over saturated and shifted colors.
These options are not always supported. Different video outputs provide
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varying degrees of support. The ``gpu`` and ``vdpau`` video output
drivers usually offer full support. The ``xv`` output can set the color
space if the system video driver supports it, but not input and output
levels. The ``scale`` video filter can configure color space and input
levels, but only if the output format is RGB (if the video output driver
supports RGB output, you can force this with ``-vf scale,format=rgba``).
If this option is set to ``auto`` (which is the default), the video's
color space flag will be used. If that flag is unset, the color space
will be selected automatically. This is done using a simple heuristic that
attempts to distinguish SD and HD video. If the video is larger than
1279x576 pixels, BT.709 (HD) will be used; otherwise BT.601 (SD) is
selected.
Available color spaces are:
:auto: automatic selection (default)
:bt.601: ITU-R BT.601 (SD)
:bt.709: ITU-R BT.709 (HD)
:bt.2020-ncl: ITU-R BT.2020 non-constant luminance system
:bt.2020-cl: ITU-R BT.2020 constant luminance system
:smpte-240m: SMPTE-240M
``<colorlevels>``
YUV color levels used with YUV to RGB conversion. This option is only
necessary when playing broken files which do not follow standard color
levels or which are flagged wrong. If the video does not specify its
color range, it is assumed to be limited range.
The same limitations as with ``<colormatrix>`` apply.
Available color ranges are:
:auto: automatic selection (normally limited range) (default)
:limited: limited range (16-235 for luma, 16-240 for chroma)
:full: full range (0-255 for both luma and chroma)
``<primaries>``
RGB primaries the source file was encoded with. Normally this should be set
in the file header, but when playing broken or mistagged files this can be
used to override the setting.
This option only affects video output drivers that perform color
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management, for example ``gpu`` with the ``target-prim`` or
``icc-profile`` suboptions set.
If this option is set to ``auto`` (which is the default), the video's
primaries flag will be used. If that flag is unset, the color space will
be selected automatically, using the following heuristics: If the
``<colormatrix>`` is set or determined as BT.2020 or BT.709, the
corresponding primaries are used. Otherwise, if the video height is
exactly 576 (PAL), BT.601-625 is used. If it's exactly 480 or 486 (NTSC),
BT.601-525 is used. If the video resolution is anything else, BT.709 is
used.
Available primaries are:
:auto: automatic selection (default)
:bt.601-525: ITU-R BT.601 (SD) 525-line systems (NTSC, SMPTE-C)
:bt.601-625: ITU-R BT.601 (SD) 625-line systems (PAL, SECAM)
:bt.709: ITU-R BT.709 (HD) (same primaries as sRGB)
:bt.2020: ITU-R BT.2020 (UHD)
:apple: Apple RGB
:adobe: Adobe RGB (1998)
:prophoto: ProPhoto RGB (ROMM)
:cie1931: CIE 1931 RGB
:dci-p3: DCI-P3 (Digital Cinema)
:v-gamut: Panasonic V-Gamut primaries
``<gamma>``
Gamma function the source file was encoded with. Normally this should be set
in the file header, but when playing broken or mistagged files this can be
used to override the setting.
This option only affects video output drivers that perform color management.
If this option is set to ``auto`` (which is the default), the gamma will
be set to BT.1886 for YCbCr content, sRGB for RGB content and Linear for
XYZ content.
Available gamma functions are:
:auto: automatic selection (default)
:bt.1886: ITU-R BT.1886 (EOTF corresponding to BT.601/BT.709/BT.2020)
:srgb: IEC 61966-2-4 (sRGB)
:linear: Linear light
:gamma1.8: Pure power curve (gamma 1.8)
:gamma2.2: Pure power curve (gamma 2.2)
:gamma2.8: Pure power curve (gamma 2.8)
:prophoto: ProPhoto RGB (ROMM) curve
:pq: ITU-R BT.2100 PQ (Perceptual quantizer) curve
:hlg: ITU-R BT.2100 HLG (Hybrid Log-gamma) curve
:v-log: Panasonic V-Log transfer curve
:s-log1: Sony S-Log1 transfer curve
:s-log2: Sony S-Log2 transfer curve
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``<sig-peak>``
Reference peak illumination for the video file, relative to the
signal's reference white level. This is mostly interesting for HDR, but
it can also be used tone map SDR content to simulate a different
exposure. Normally inferred from tags such as MaxCLL or mastering
metadata.
The default of 0.0 will default to the source's nominal peak luminance.
``<light>``
Light type of the scene. This is mostly correctly inferred based on the
gamma function, but it can be useful to override this when viewing raw
camera footage (e.g. V-Log), which is normally scene-referred instead
of display-referred.
Available light types are:
:auto: Automatic selection (default)
:display: Display-referred light (most content)
:hlg: Scene-referred using the HLG OOTF (e.g. HLG content)
:709-1886: Scene-referred using the BT709+BT1886 interaction
:gamma1.2: Scene-referred using a pure power OOTF (gamma=1.2)
``<stereo-in>``
Set the stereo mode the video is assumed to be encoded in. Takes the
same values as the ``--video-stereo-mode`` option.
``<stereo-out>``
Set the stereo mode the video should be displayed as. Takes the
same values as the ``--video-stereo-mode`` option.
``<rotate>``
Set the rotation the video is assumed to be encoded with in degrees.
The special value ``-1`` uses the input format.
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``<dw>``, ``<dh>``
Set the display size. Note that setting the display size such that
the video is scaled in both directions instead of just changing the
aspect ratio is an implementation detail, and might change later.
``<dar>``
Set the display aspect ratio of the video frame. This is a float,
but values such as ``[16:9]`` can be passed too (``[...]`` for quoting
to prevent the option parser from interpreting the ``:`` character).
``<spherical-type>``
Type of the spherical projection:
:auto: As indicated by the file (default)
:none: Normal video
:equirect: Equirectangular
:unknown: Unknown projection
``<spherical-yaw>``, ``<spherical-pitch>``, ``<spherical-roll>``
Reference angle in degree, if spherical video is used.
``lavfi=graph[:sws-flags[:o=opts]]``
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Filter video using FFmpeg's libavfilter.
``<graph>``
The libavfilter graph string. The filter must have a single video input
pad and a single video output pad.
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See `<https://ffmpeg.org/ffmpeg-filters.html>`_ for syntax and available
filters.
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.. warning::
If you want to use the full filter syntax with this option, you have
to quote the filter graph in order to prevent mpv's syntax and the
filter graph syntax from clashing. To prevent a quoting and escaping
mess, consider using ``--lavfi-complex`` if you know which video
track you want to use from the input file. (There is only one video
track for nearly all video files anyway.)
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.. admonition:: Examples
``--vf=lavfi=[gradfun=20:30,vflip]``
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``gradfun`` filter with nonsense parameters, followed by a
``vflip`` filter. (This demonstrates how libavfilter takes a
graph and not just a single filter.) The filter graph string is
quoted with ``[`` and ``]``. This requires no additional quoting
or escaping with some shells (like bash), while others (like
zsh) require additional ``"`` quotes around the option string.
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``'--vf=lavfi="gradfun=20:30,vflip"'``
Same as before, but uses quoting that should be safe with all
shells. The outer ``'`` quotes make sure that the shell does not
remove the ``"`` quotes needed by mpv.
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``'--vf=lavfi=graph="gradfun=radius=30:strength=20,vflip"'``
Same as before, but uses named parameters for everything.
``<sws-flags>``
If libavfilter inserts filters for pixel format conversion, this
option gives the flags which should be passed to libswscale. This
option is numeric and takes a bit-wise combination of ``SWS_`` flags.
See ``http://git.videolan.org/?p=ffmpeg.git;a=blob;f=libswscale/swscale.h``.
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``<o>``
Set AVFilterGraph options. These should be documented by FFmpeg.
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.. admonition:: Example
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``'--vf=lavfi=yadif:o="threads=2,thread_type=slice"'``
forces a specific threading configuration.
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``sub=[=bottom-margin:top-margin]``
Moves subtitle rendering to an arbitrary point in the filter chain, or force
subtitle rendering in the video filter as opposed to using video output OSD
support.
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``<bottom-margin>``
Adds a black band at the bottom of the frame. The SSA/ASS renderer can
place subtitles there (with ``--sub-use-margins``).
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``<top-margin>``
Black band on the top for toptitles (with ``--sub-use-margins``).
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.. admonition:: Examples
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``--vf=sub,eq``
Moves sub rendering before the eq filter. This will put both
subtitle colors and video under the influence of the video equalizer
settings.
``vapoursynth=file:buffered-frames:concurrent-frames``
Loads a VapourSynth filter script. This is intended for streamed
processing: mpv actually provides a source filter, instead of using a
native VapourSynth video source. The mpv source will answer frame
requests only within a small window of frames (the size of this window
is controlled with the ``buffered-frames`` parameter), and requests outside
of that will return errors. As such, you can't use the full power of
VapourSynth, but you can use certain filters.
If you just want to play video generated by a VapourSynth (i.e. using
a native VapourSynth video source), it's better to use ``vspipe`` and a
FIFO to feed the video to mpv. The same applies if the filter script
requires random frame access (see ``buffered-frames`` parameter).
This filter is experimental. If it turns out that it works well and is
used, it will be ported to libavfilter. Otherwise, it will be just removed.
``file``
Filename of the script source. Currently, this is always a python
script. The variable ``video_in`` is set to the mpv video source,
and it is expected that the script reads video from it. (Otherwise,
mpv will decode no video, and the video packet queue will overflow,
eventually leading to audio being stopped.) The script is also
expected to pass through timestamps using the ``_DurationNum`` and
``_DurationDen`` frame properties.
.. admonition:: Example:
::
import vapoursynth as vs
core = vs.get_core()
core.std.AddBorders(video_in, 10, 10, 20, 20).set_output()
.. warning::
The script will be reloaded on every seek. This is done to reset
the filter properly on discontinuities.
``buffered-frames``
Maximum number of decoded video frames that should be buffered before
the filter (default: 4). This specifies the maximum number of frames
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the script can request in reverse direction.
E.g. if ``buffered-frames=5``, and the script just requested frame 15,
it can still request frame 10, but frame 9 is not available anymore.
If it requests frame 30, mpv will decode 15 more frames, and keep only
frames 25-30.
The actual number of buffered frames also depends on the value of the
``concurrent-frames`` option. Currently, both option values are
multiplied to get the final buffer size.
(Normally, VapourSynth source filters must provide random access, but
mpv was made for playback, and does not provide frame-exact random
access. The way this video filter works is a compromise to make simple
filters work anyway.)
``concurrent-frames``
Number of frames that should be requested in parallel. The
level of concurrency depends on the filter and how quickly mpv can
decode video to feed the filter. This value should probably be
proportional to the number of cores on your machine. Most time,
making it higher than the number of cores can actually make it
slower.
By default, this uses the special value ``auto``, which sets the option
to the number of detected logical CPU cores.
The following variables are defined by mpv:
``video_in``
The mpv video source as vapoursynth clip. Note that this has no length
set, which confuses many filters. Using ``Trim`` on the clip with a
high dummy length can turn it into a finite clip.
``video_in_dw``, ``video_in_dh``
Display size of the video. Can be different from video size if the
video does not use square pixels (e.g. DVD).
``container_fps``
FPS value as reported by file headers. This value can be wrong or
completely broken (e.g. 0 or NaN). Even if the value is correct,
if another filter changes the real FPS (by dropping or inserting
frames), the value of this variable might not be useful. Note that
the ``--fps`` command line option overrides this value.
Useful for some filters which insist on having a FPS.
``display_fps``
Refresh rate of the current display. Note that this value can be 0.
``vapoursynth-lazy``
The same as ``vapoursynth``, but doesn't load Python scripts. Instead, a
custom backend using Lua and the raw VapourSynth API is used. The syntax
is completely different, and absolutely no convenience features are
provided. There's no type checking either, and you can trigger crashes.
.. admonition:: Example:
::
video_out = invoke("morpho", "Open", {clip = video_in})
The special variable ``video_in`` is the mpv video source, while the
special variable ``video_out`` is used to read video from. The 1st argument
is the plugin (queried with ``getPluginByNs``), the 2nd is the filter name,
and the 3rd argument is a table with the arguments. Positional arguments
are not supported. The types must match exactly. Since Lua is terrible and
can't distinguish integers and floats, integer arguments must be prefixed
with ``i_``, in which case the prefix is removed and the argument is cast
to an integer. Should the argument's name start with ``i_``, you're out of
luck.
Clips (VSNodeRef) are passed as light userdata, so trying to pass any
other userdata type will result in hard crashes.
``vavpp``
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VA-AP-API video post processing. Works with ``--vo=vaapi`` and ``--vo=gpu``
only. Currently deinterlaces. This filter is automatically inserted if
deinterlacing is requested (either using the ``d`` key, by default mapped to
the command ``cycle deinterlace``, or the ``--deinterlace`` option).
``deint=<method>``
Select the deinterlacing algorithm.
no
Don't perform deinterlacing.
auto
Select the best quality deinterlacing algorithm (default). This
goes by the order of the options as documented, with
``motion-compensated`` being considered best quality.
first-field
Show only first field.
bob
bob deinterlacing.
weave, motion-adaptive, motion-compensated
Advanced deinterlacing algorithms. Whether these actually work
depends on the GPU hardware, the GPU drivers, driver bugs, and
mpv bugs.
``<interlaced-only>``
:no: Deinterlace all frames (default).
:yes: Only deinterlace frames marked as interlaced.
``reversal-bug=<yes|no>``
:no: Use the API as it was interpreted by older Mesa drivers. While
this interpretation was more obvious and inuitive, it was
apparently wrong, and not shared by Intel driver developers.
:yes: Use Intel interpretation of surface forward and backwards
references (default). This is what Intel drivers and newer Mesa
drivers expect. Matters only for the advanced deinterlacing
algorithms.
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``vdpaupp``
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VDPAU video post processing. Works with ``--vo=vdpau`` and ``--vo=gpu``
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only. This filter is automatically inserted if deinterlacing is requested
(either using the ``d`` key, by default mapped to the command
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``cycle deinterlace``, or the ``--deinterlace`` option). When enabling
deinterlacing, it is always preferred over software deinterlacer filters
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if the ``vdpau`` VO is used, and also if ``gpu`` is used and hardware
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decoding was activated at least once (i.e. vdpau was loaded).
``sharpen=<-1-1>``
For positive values, apply a sharpening algorithm to the video, for
negative values a blurring algorithm (default: 0).
``denoise=<0-1>``
Apply a noise reduction algorithm to the video (default: 0; no noise
reduction).
``deint=<yes|no>``
Whether deinterlacing is enabled (default: no). If enabled, it will use
the mode selected with ``deint-mode``.
``deint-mode=<first-field|bob|temporal|temporal-spatial>``
Select deinterlacing mode (default: temporal).
Note that there's currently a mechanism that allows the ``vdpau`` VO to
change the ``deint-mode`` of auto-inserted ``vdpaupp`` filters. To avoid
confusion, it's recommended not to use the ``--vo=vdpau`` suboptions
related to filtering.
first-field
Show only first field.
bob
Bob deinterlacing.
temporal
Motion-adaptive temporal deinterlacing. May lead to A/V desync
with slow video hardware and/or high resolution.
temporal-spatial
Motion-adaptive temporal deinterlacing with edge-guided spatial
interpolation. Needs fast video hardware.
``chroma-deint``
Makes temporal deinterlacers operate both on luma and chroma (default).
Use no-chroma-deint to solely use luma and speed up advanced
deinterlacing. Useful with slow video memory.
``pullup``
Try to apply inverse telecine, needs motion adaptive temporal
deinterlacing.
``interlaced-only=<yes|no>``
If ``yes``, only deinterlace frames marked as interlaced (default: no).
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``hqscaling=<0-9>``
0
Use default VDPAU scaling (default).
1-9
Apply high quality VDPAU scaling (needs capable hardware).
``d3d11vpp``
Direct3D 11 video post processing. Currently requires D3D11 hardware
decoding for use.
``deint=<yes|no>``
Whether deinterlacing is enabled (default: no).
``interlaced-only=<yes|no>``
If ``yes``, only deinterlace frames marked as interlaced (default: no).
``mode=<blend|bob|adaptive|mocomp|ivctc|none>``
Tries to select a video processor with the given processing capability.
If a video processor supports multiple capabilities, it is not clear
which algorithm is actually selected. ``none`` always falls back. On
most if not all hardware, this option will probably do nothing, because
a video processor usually supports all modes or none.