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Meaning of stable tagnames
--------------------------
Example: light0.1stable01:
0 = version of on-disk data structures
(only incremented when downgrades are impossible)
(not incremented on backwards-compatible upgrades)
1 = version of feature set
stable = feature set is frozen during this series
01 = bugfix revision
Release Conventions / Branches / Tagnames
-----------------------------------------
light0.1 series (stable):
- Asynchronous replication.
Currently operational at more than 700 storage servers at
1&1, more than 2,000,000 operating hours (end of June 2015)
- Unstable tagnames: light0.1beta%d.%d (obsolete)
- Stable branch: light0.1.y
- Stable tagnames: light0.1stable%02d
light0.2 series (currently in beta stage):
Mostly for internal needs of 1&1 (but not limited to that).
More detailed ChangeLog descriptions will follow when it
becomes stable.
- (NOT YET FULLY WORKING - currently only for kernel 3.2.x)
Getting rid of the kernel prepatch! MARS may be built
as an external kernel module for any supported
kernel version. First prototype is only tested for
unaltered 3.2.x vanilla kernel, but compatibility to
further vanilla kernel versions (maybe even
Redhat-specific ones) will follow during the course of
the MARS light0.2 stable series. The problem is not
compatibility as such, but _testing_ that it really
works. These tests need a lot of time.
=> further arguments for getting to kernel upstream ASAP.
- Improved network throughput by parallel TCP connections
(in particular under packet loss).
Also called "socket bundling".
First benchmarks show an impressive speedup over
highly congested long-distance lines.
- Future-proof updates in the network protocol:
Mixed operation of 32/64bit and/or {big,low}endian
- Support for multi-homed network interfaces.
- Transparent data compression over low bandwidth lines.
Consumes a lot of CPU, therefore only recommended for
low write loads or for desperate network situations.
- Various smaller features and improvements.
- Unstable tagnames: light0.2beta%d.%d (current)
- Stable branch: light0.2.y (planned)
- Stable tagnames: light0.2stable%02d (planned)
light0.3 series (planned):
(some might possibly go to 1.0 series instead)
- Remote device: bypassing iSCSI. In essence,
/dev/mars/mydata can appear at any other cluster member
which doesn't necessarily need any local disks.
- Improve replication latency.
- New pseudo-synchronous replication modes.
For the internal needs of database folks at 1&1.
- (Maybe) old test suite could be retired, a new
one is at github.com/schoebel/test-suite
- Unstable tagnames: light0.3beta%d.%d (planned)
- Stable branch: light0.3.y (planned)
- Stable tagnames: light0.3stable%02d (planned)
light1.0 series (planned):
- Replace symlink tree by transactional status files
(future-proof)
This is required for upstream merging to the kernel.
It has further advantages, such as better scalability.
- Trying to additionally address public needs.
- Potentially for Linux kernel upstream,
- Unstable tagnames: light1.0beta%d.%d (planned)
- Stable branch: light1.0.y (planned)
- Stable tagnames: light1.0stable%02d (planned)
full* (somewhen in future)
WIP-* branches are for development and may be rebased onto anything
at any time without notice. They will disappear eventually.
*stable* branches mean that only bug fixes and documentation
updates / clarifications will be applied. Updates to the test suite /
new test cases potentially disguising bugs, and other minor additions
of debugging code / paranoia code which may lead to discovery
of bugs are also possible. Error messages / warnings and their
error class may also be changed.
NO NEW FEATURES, not even minor ones, except when absolutely
necessary for a bugfix.
-----------------------------------
Changelog for series 0.2:
light0.2beta3.0
--------
* Include all fixes from light0.1stable20.
* Minor fixes: memory leak; possible (but not really observed)
deadlock in new socket bundling code.
light0.2beta2.0
--------
* New feature: LZO compression of network bulk data.
* Various Fixes.
* Minor doc updates.
light0.2beta1.0
--------
* New feature: socket bundling. Measurements show major network
performance improvements when running over highly congested
shared network lines.
* New network protocol: future-proof for mixed operations between
different processor architectures. Self-adaptive. Allows mixed
operations of different MARS versions even when new features
have been incorporated into the network protocol.
* New option: backward compatibility to the old protocol.
For transitional purposes (may be removed some day).
* Some minor code cleanups. Much more to come later.
* Doc: describe the bundling feature, performance results for
various settings.
* Sorry, this release was buggy because some WIP patches went
into it by accident. Fixed later by factoring out these patches
into branch WIP-compatibility which will be included into the
light0.2 series later once they are more mature.
-----------------------------------
Changelog for series 0.1:
light0.1stable20
--------
* Hint: MARS is now running on more than 850 storage servers,
and has collected more than 4.5 millions of operation hours.
There were no new incidents with customer impact since the last
major bugfix (more than 3 millions of operation hours since then).
It is difficult to deduce a reliability from that, but it appears
that at least 99.999%, if not 99.9999% are now real for the
MARS component as a standalone component (not to be confused with
overall system reliability). Our storage hardware is clearly much
less reliable. MARS does compensate these defects all the time.
* Minor fix: memory leak in networking code, does not occur
at light0.1 operations (but maybe future versions of MARS).
* Doc: add presentation slides from Froscon2015.
light0.1stable19
--------
* Minor safeguard: warn when somebody tries leave-resource --host=
for a damaged host, and later the dead host resurrects in an
unreasonable way.
* Doc update: describe use cases for DRBD vs MARS more clearly.
* Minor spelling fixes.
light0.1stable18
--------
* Minor safeguard: prevent join-resource when previous log-purge-all
has been forgotten. Prevent create-resource also when previous
delete-resource has been forgotten. Anyway, this happens only in
very exotic repair scenarios after very heavy failures.
* Doc updates: simplify descriptions of split-brain resolution and
emergency mode resolution. Nowadays 'invalidate' will do everything
in all tested cases; the more complex alternative methods have
been moved to the appendix.
light0.1stable17
--------
* Minor fix: stacktrace / oops in aio callback path due to a
subtle race, observed once during 2.5 millions of operation hours.
In the observed case, the secondary was hanging, without
customer impact. However, the error class could potentially
occur also at the primary side. Probably the bug was triggered
by a hardware problem from the RAID controller.
light0.1stable16
--------
* Minor fix: sync could take a long time to complete under high
application load, similarly to a live-lock.
* Some smaller minor fixes for annoying messages.
* Contrib: added configurable Nagios check.
* Contrib: added some example scripts which could be used by
clustermanagers etc.
* Doc: important new section on pitfalls when using existing
clustermanagers UNMODIFIED for long distance replication.
PLEASE READ!
light0.1stable15
--------
* NOTICE: MARS succeeded baptism on fire at 04/22/2015 when a whole
co-location had a partial power blackout, followed by breakdown
of air conditioning, followed by mass hardware defects due to
overheating. MARS showed exactly 0 errors when (emergency)
switching to another datacenter was started in masses.
* Major fix of race in transaction logger: the primary could hang
when using very fast hardware, typically after ~24000 operation
hours. The problem was noticed 6 times during a grand total of
more than 1,000,000 operation hours on a mixed hardware park,
showing up only on specific hardware classes. Together with 3
other incidents during early beta phase which also had customer
impact, this means that we have reached a reliability of about
===> 99.999%
After this fix, the reliability should grow even higher.
A workaround for this bug exists:
# echo 2 > /proc/sys/mars/logger_completion_semantics
Update is only mandatory when you cannot use the workaround.
* Minor improvement in marsadm: re-allow --force combined with "all".
This is highly appreciated for speeding up operations / handling
during emergency datacenter switchover.
* Various smaller improvements.
* Contrib (unsupported): example rollout script for mass rollout.
light0.1stable14
--------
* Minor safeguard: modprobe mars will refuse to start when the
cluster UUID is missing.
* Minor fix: external race in marsadm resize, only relevant
for scripting.
* Minor fix: potential race on plugged IO requests.
* Clarify output of marsadm view. Many systematical improvements
and hints.
* Add some unevitable macros for scripting / automation.
* Various tiny improvements.
light0.1stable13
--------
* Critical safeguard for accidental join-cluster with wrong argument:
make UUID mandatory, disallow completely unrelated hosts to
communicate symlink tree updates when their UUIDs mismatch.
* Minor fix: leave-resource --host=other did not work when disks
were named differently throughout the cluster.
* Minor fix: detach --host=other --force (which is needed as a
precondition) did not work.
* Various minor fixes and clarifications. "marsadm view all"
now reports the communication status in the cluster.
light0.1stable12
--------
* Critical (but usually not extremely relevant) fix:
When emergency mode occurs just during a sync, the target could
remain inconsistent without notice. Now noticed.
You always could/should manually invalidate whenever an
emergency mode appeared.
Now this is automatically fixed by restarting any sync from
scratch (if one was actually running before; otherwise consistency
was never violated).
* Major documentation update / corrections.
* Major (but less relevant) fix: leave-cluster did not really work.
* Minor fix (regression): rmmod could hang when sync was running.
* Various minor fixes and clarifications.
light0.1stable11
--------
* Major documentation update. mars-manual.pdf increased from
66 to 80 pages. Please read! You probably should know this.
* Minor fixes: better cleanup on invalidate / leave-resource.
* Minor clarifications: more precise EIO error codes, more verbose
error reporting via "marsadm cat".
light0.1stable10
--------
* Major fixes of internal network protocol errors, leading to
internal shutdown of sockets, which were transparently re-opened.
It could affect network performance. Not sure whether
stability was also affected (probably under extremely high load);
for better safety you should upgrade.
* Major fix from Manuel Lausch: regex parsing sometimes went
completely wrong when hostnames followed a similar name scheme
than internal symlinks.
* Major, only relevant for k>2 replicas: fix wrong internal sharing
of data structures resulting from parallel data connections.
* Minor fix: race in fake-sync.
* Minor fix: race in invalidate.
* Minor, only for k>2 replicas: fix direct primary handover when
some non-involved hosts are currently unreachable.
* Minor: improve becoming primary during split brain.
* Minor: improve becoming primary when emergency mode starts.
* Minor: silence some annoying stderr messages.
* Several internal minor fixes and clarifications.
light0.1stable09
--------
* Major fix of scarce race (potentially critical): the bio response
thread could terminate too early, leading to a premature dealloc
of kernel memory. This has only been observed on slow virtual
machines with slow virtual devices, and very high load on k=4
replicas. This could potentially affect the stability of the system.
Although not observed at production machines at 1&1, I recommend
updating production machines to this release ASAP.
* Major usability fix: incorrect commandline options of marsadm
were just ignored if they appeared after the resource argument.
Misspellings could cause undesired effects. For instance,
"marsadm delete-resource vital --force --MISSPELLhost=banana"
was accidentally destroying the primary during operation (which
is _possible_ when using --force, and this was even a _required_
sort of "STONITH"-like feature -- however from a human point
of view it was intended to destroy _another_ host, so this was
an unexpected behaviour from a sysadmin point of view).
* Major workaround: the concept "actual primary" is wrong, because
during split brain there may exist several primaries. Do not
use the macro view-actual-primary any longer. It is deprecated now.
Use view-is-primary instead, on each host you are interested in.
* Minor fix: "marsadm invalidate" did not work in some weired
split brain situations / was not equivalent to
"marsadm leave-resource $res; marsadm join-resource $res".
The latter was the old workaround to fix the situation.
Now it shouldn't be necessary anymore.
* Minor fix: pause-fetch could take very long to terminate.
* Minor fix: marsadm wait-cluster did not wait for all hosts
particiapting in the resource, but only for one of them.
This is only relevant for k>2 replicas.
* Minor fix: the rates displayed by "marsadm view" did not drop down
to 0 when no progress was made.
* Minor fix: logging to syslog was incomplete.
* Minor usability fix: decrease boring speakyness of "log-rotate"
and "log-delete" for cron jobs.
* Minor fixes: several internal awkwardnesses, potentially affecting
performance and/or stability in weired situations.
light0.1stable08
--------
* Minor fix: after emergency mode, a versionlink was forgotten
to create. This could lead to unnecessary reports of split
brain and/or need for additional re-invalidate.
* Minor fix: the predicate 'view-is-consistent' reported 'false'
in some situations on secondaries when all was ok.
* Minor fix: it was impossible to determine the 'is-consistent'
from 'marsadm view' (without -1and1 suffix). Added a new [Cc-]
flag. This is absolutely needed to determine whether the
underlying disks must have the same checksum (provided that
both disks are detached and the network works and fetch+replay
had completed before the detach).
* Updated docs to reflect this.
* Minor fix: 'invalidate' did not work when the resource was not
completely detached. Now it implicitly does a detach before
starting invalidation.
* Minor fix: wait-umount was waiting for umount of _all_ primaries
during split brain. Now it waits only for umount of the local node.
Notice that having multiple primaries in parallel is an
erroneous state anyway.
* Minor fix: leave-cluster did not work without --force.
light0.1stable07
--------
* Minor fix: re-creation of a completely destroyed resource
did not always work correctly
light0.1stable06
--------
* Major fix: becoming primary was hanging in scarce situations.
* Minor fix: some split brains were not always detected correctly.
* Minor fix for Redhat openvz kernel builds.
* Several fixes for 1&1 internal Debian builds.
light0.1stable05
--------
* Major fix: incomplete calls to vfs_readdir()
which could lead to incomplete symlink updates /
replication hangs.
* Minor fix: scarce race on replay EOF.
* Separated kernel from userspace build environment.
* Removed some potentially dangerous Kconfig options
if they would be set to wrong values (robustness against
accidentally producing bad kernel modules).
* Dito: some additional checks against bad main Kconfig options
(mainly for out-of-tree builds).
* Separated contrib code from maintained code.
* Added some pre-patches for newer kernels
(WIP - not yet fully tested at all combinations)
* Minor doc addition: LinuxTag 2014 presentation.
light0.1stable04
--------
* Quiet annoying error message.
* Minor readability improvements.
* Minor doc updates.
light0.1stable03
--------
* Major: fix internal aio race (could lead to memory corruption).
* Fix refcounting in trans_logger.
* Some minor fixes in module code.
* Fix 1&1-internal out-of-tree builds.
* Various minor fixes.
* Update monitoring tools / docs (German, contributed by Jörg Mann).
light0.1stable02
--------
* Fix sorting of internal data structure.
* Fix IO error propagation at replay.
light0.1stable01
--------
* Fix parallelism of logfile propagation: sometimes a secondary
could get a more recent version than the primary had on stable
storage after its crash, eventually leading to an (annoying)
split brain. Some people might take this as a feature instead
of a bug, but now the logfile transfer starts only after the
primary _knows_ that the data is successfully committed to
stable storage.
* Fix memory leaks in error path.
* Fix error propagation between client and server.
* Make string allocation fully dynamic (remove limitation).
* Fix some annoying messages.
* Fix usage output of marsadm.
* Userspace: contributed bugfix for Debian udev rules by Jörg Mann.
* Improved debugging (only for testing).
light0.1beta0.18 (feature release)
--------
* New commands marsadm view-$macroname
* New customizable macro processor
* New err/warn/inf reporting via symlinks
* Per-resource emergency mode
* Allow limiting the sync parallelism
* New flood-protected syslogging
* Some smaller improvements
* Update docs
* Update test suite
light0.1beta0.17
--------
* Major bugfix: race in logfile switchover could sometimes
lead to the wrong logfile (extremely rare to hit, but
potentially harmful).
* Disallow primary switching when some secondaries are
syncing.
* Fix logfile fetch from multiple peers.
* Fix computation of transitive closure (affected
log-purge-all, split brain detection, and many others).
* Fix incorrect emergency mode detection.
* Primaries no longer fetch logfiles (unnecessarily, only
makes a difference at concurrent split brain operations).
* Detached resources no longer fetch logfiles (unexpectedly).
* Myriads of smaller fixes.
light0.1beta0.16
--------
* Critical bugfix: "marsadm primary --force" was assumed to be given
by sysadmins only in case of emergency, when the network is down.
When given in non-emergency cases where the old primary continues
to run (/dev/mars/* being actively used and written), the
old primary could suddendly do a "logrotate" to the
new split-brain logfile produced by the new (second) primary.
Now two primaries should be able to run concurrently in split-brain
mode without mutually trashing their logfiles.
* primary --force now only works in disconnected mode, in order
to hinder unintended forceful creation of split brain during
normal operation.
* Stop fetching of logfiles behind split brain points (save space
at the target hosts - usually the data will be discarded later).
* Fixed split brain detection in userspace.
* leave-resource now waits for local actions to take place
(remote actions stay asynchronously).
* invalidate / join-resource now work only if a designated primary
exists (otherwise they would not know uniquely from whom
to start initial sync).
* Update docs, clarify scenarios intended <-> emergengy switching.
* Fixed mutual overwrite of deletion symlinks in case of racing
log-deletes spawned in parallel by cron jobs (resilience).
* Fixed races between deletion and re-erection (e.g. fresh
join-resource after leave-resource during network partitions).
* Fixed duration of network timeouts in case the network is down
(replaced non-working TCP_KEEPALIVE by explicit timeouts).
* New option --dry-run which does not really create symlinks.
* New command "delete-resource" (VERY DANGEROUS) for
forcefully destroying a resource, even when it is in use.
Intended only for _emergency_ cases when sysadmins are
desperate. Use only by hand, first run with --dry-run in order
to check what will happen!
* New command "log-purge-all" (potentially DANGEROUS) for
resolving split brain in desperate situations (cleanup of
leftovers). Only use by hand, first run with --dry-run!
* Lots of smaller imprevements / usability / readability etc.
* Update test suite.
light0.1beta0.15
--------
* Introduce write throttling of bulk writers.
* Update test suite.
light0.1beta0.14
--------
* Fix logfile transfer in case of "holes" created by
emergency mode.
* Fix "marsadm invalidate" after emergency mode had been entered.
* Fix "marsadm resize" capacity propagation from underlying LVM.
* Update test suite.
light0.1beta0.13
--------
* Fix shutdown during operation (flying requests).
* Fix unnecessary Lamport clock propagation storms.
* Improve unnecessary page cache utilisation (mapfree).
* Update test suite.
light0.1beta0.12 and earlier
--------
There was no dedicated ChangeLog. For details, look at the
commit history.
Release Policy / Software Lifecycle
-----------------------------------
New source releases are simply announced by appearance of git tags.
General Conventions
-------------------
The git tags have the following meaning:
full* for future use.
light1.0 The first number indicates the main symlink tree revision, the second number indicates the sub revision. The main symlink tree revision is only updated upon (potentially) incompatible changes. Upgrades of main revisions will always be possible, but downgrades are not automatically supported. The sub revision will indicate new releases, and they may also indicate symlink tree extersions which are both forwards and backwards compatible. It may just happen that new features are not available with elder releases :)
Example: 1.0 ff will indicate the future main production revision.
Extensions: suffixes like pre1 indicate pre-releases. Other suffixes like testing2 are reserved for future use.
Hint: you may automatically convert the MARS git tags into Debian release tags by a regex inserting a ~ after any transition from a digit to an alpha character. We just omitted the ~ because git treats it as an invalid character. The corresponding Debian tags _should_ result in the correct ordering according to the Debian guidelines. Please report a bug if not :)
light0.1beta* Internal 1&1 releases during the pilot phase. May be used by the public, but you should know that the 1.0 symlink tree revision will appear soon.
light0.0alpha* Very old prototypes; never use them. Vital feature were missing. Only for historic inspection.
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