mirror of https://github.com/schoebel/mars
arch-guide: add section on OpenSource projects
This commit is contained in:
Thomas Schoebel-Theuer
Thomas Schoebel-Theuer
parent
ed65bf51b9
commit
de96610497
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@ -31740,6 +31740,688 @@ application area
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\end_inset
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Section
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From OpenSource Consumers to Contributors to Leaders
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\begin_inset CommandInset label
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LatexCommand label
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name "sec:From-OpenSource-Consumers"
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\end_inset
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
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The basic idea of OpenSource is very simple:
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
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\begin_inset Flex Custom Color Box 3
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status open
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\begin_layout Plain Layout
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\begin_inset Argument 1
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status open
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\begin_layout Plain Layout
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\series bold
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Fundamental idea of OpenSource
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\end_layout
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\end_inset
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Several competitors and enthusiasts are meeting together in a common neutral
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playground, also called
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\series bold
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commons
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\series default
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or
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\series bold
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common land
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\series default
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.
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Each is contributing something useful to the commons.
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Plain Layout
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\begin_inset Graphics
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filename images/lightbulb_brightlit_benj_.png
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lyxscale 12
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scale 7
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\end_inset
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As a
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\emph on
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result
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\emph default
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of collaboration,
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\emph on
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each
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\emph default
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of them is
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\series bold
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getting back more value
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\series default
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than
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\emph on
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each
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\emph default
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of them have contributed.
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Plain Layout
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\begin_inset Graphics
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filename images/lightbulb_brightlit_benj_.png
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lyxscale 12
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scale 7
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\end_inset
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OpenSource is much more than a particular component.
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In fact, it is a
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\series bold
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whole ecosystem
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\series default
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.
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\end_layout
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\end_inset
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
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\noindent
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This means: by definition, only globally useful software (see section
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\begin_inset CommandInset ref
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LatexCommand nameref
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reference "subsec:Usefulness-Scope-of-Software"
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plural "false"
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caps "false"
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noprefix "false"
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\end_inset
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) can qualify as OpenSource commons.
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In some cases, domain-specific generic software may qualify also, but this
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needs to be checked.
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
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\noindent
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\begin_inset Graphics
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filename images/lightbulb_brightlit_benj_.png
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lyxscale 12
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scale 7
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\end_inset
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This
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\emph on
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usability gap
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\emph default
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leaves you an opportunity for
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\series bold
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company-individual or product-specific customization
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\series default
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even of your own OpenSource components, provided you manage to get an appropria
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te degree of genericity (see section
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\begin_inset CommandInset ref
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LatexCommand nameref
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reference "subsec:Architectural-Levels-of-Genericity"
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plural "false"
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caps "false"
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noprefix "false"
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\end_inset
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).
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
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\begin_inset Flex Custom Color Box 3
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status open
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\begin_layout Plain Layout
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\begin_inset Argument 1
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status open
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\begin_layout Plain Layout
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\series bold
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Best areas for OpenSource
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\end_layout
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\end_inset
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Several people are fearing that OpenSource might help their competitors
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too much.
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Plain Layout
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\begin_inset Graphics
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filename images/lightbulb_brightlit_benj_.png
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lyxscale 12
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scale 7
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\end_inset
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When OpenSource is used for
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\series bold
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basic infrastructure
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\series default
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instead of finished competitive products, then a
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\series bold
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win-win
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\series default
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situation is always
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\series bold
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improving competitiveness
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\series default
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.
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Plain Layout
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\begin_inset Graphics
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filename images/lightbulb_brightlit_benj_.png
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lyxscale 12
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scale 7
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\end_inset
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There are a few
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\emph on
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examples
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\emph default
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where even giving away a
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\emph on
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full product
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\emph default
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can improve competitiveness.
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An example is Google Android.
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Plain Layout
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\begin_inset Graphics
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filename images/lightbulb_brightlit_benj_.png
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lyxscale 12
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scale 7
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\end_inset
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In addition, each competitor may make better business by
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\series bold
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strengthening a whole ecosystem
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\series default
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, e.g.
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attracting more customers in total, etc.
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Plain Layout
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In particular, this can make sense when competition is more between
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\emph on
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whole ecosystems
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\emph default
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\begin_inset Foot
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status open
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\begin_layout Plain Layout
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Example: today there is an increasing competition between the webhosting
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ecosystem (including public blog software like WordPress), and account-based
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social media (e.g.
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Facebook & co).
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\end_layout
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\end_inset
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, than between individual companies.
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\end_layout
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\end_inset
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
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\begin_inset Flex Custom Color Box 1
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status open
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\begin_layout Plain Layout
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The vast majority of companies will profit from the Linux kernel, because
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selling OS software is
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\emph on
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not
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\emph default
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their core business.
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\end_layout
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\end_inset
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
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\begin_inset Flex Custom Color Box 2
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status open
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\begin_layout Plain Layout
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Several ecosystems are already
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\series bold
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dominated by OpenSource
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\series default
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.
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Commercial competitors would not have a chance anyway, because the
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\series bold
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world-wide total productivity
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\series default
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(e.g.
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\series bold
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scaling effects
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\series default
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) of OpenSource is unbeatable in such areas.
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\end_layout
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\end_inset
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
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\begin_inset Flex Custom Color Box 1
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status open
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\begin_layout Plain Layout
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MARS would not have a chance for long-term survival if it weren't OpenSource.
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\end_layout
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\end_inset
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
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\noindent
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How to take advantage of OpenSource? The OSAMM = Open Source Adoption Maturity
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Model is explained in simplified form at
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\begin_inset Flex URL
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status open
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\begin_layout Plain Layout
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https://baloise.github.io/open-source/docs/md/goals/uplift.html
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\end_layout
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\end_inset
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.
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More context can be found in Lofi Dewanto's presentation
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\begin_inset Flex URL
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status open
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\begin_layout Plain Layout
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https://drive.google.com/file/d/1GHLogE3ibdyjPaYfK_O4ELVtvUcE051R/view
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\end_layout
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\end_inset
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, in particular slide 24.
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There are 3 levels of OpenSource adoption which are interesting for most
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companies:
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Enumerate
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\series bold
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Use
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\series default
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.
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Typically, OpenSource software is just downloaded, possibly compiled (depending
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on development model), and installed.
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Enumerate
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\series bold
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Contribute
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\series default
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.
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Some code / documentation / feedback is flowing from in-house users back
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to the public project.
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Enumerate
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\series bold
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Champion
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\series default
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.
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Somebody in the company has a leading role in the public project, and is
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thus leading a
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\series bold
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movement
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\series default
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.
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
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\begin_inset Flex Custom Color Box 3
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status open
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\begin_layout Plain Layout
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\begin_inset Argument 1
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status open
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\begin_layout Plain Layout
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\series bold
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Important OpenSource specialities
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\end_layout
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\end_inset
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\begin_inset Graphics
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filename images/MatieresCorrosives.png
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lyxscale 50
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scale 17
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\end_inset
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There are certain misconceptions about OpenSource, which can lead to
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\series bold
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fatal failures
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\series default
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.
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Here are some extremely important explanations:
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Itemize
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OpenSource is more about a
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\emph on
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movement
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\emph default
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than about the
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\begin_inset Quotes eld
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\end_inset
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software as such
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\begin_inset Quotes erd
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\end_inset
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.
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Itemize
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Several important OpenSource projects, like the Linux kernel, have been
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\series bold
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founded by individuals
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\series default
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and
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\emph on
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not
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\emph default
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by companies.
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Such projects are following
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\series bold
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different rules than company projects
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\series default
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.
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\end_layout
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\end_inset
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
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\noindent
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\begin_inset Flex Custom Color Box 3
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status open
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\begin_layout Plain Layout
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\noindent
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\begin_inset Argument 1
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status open
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\begin_layout Plain Layout
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\series bold
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Rules in personal OpenSource projects
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\end_layout
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\end_inset
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\begin_inset Graphics
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filename images/MatieresToxiques.png
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lyxscale 50
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scale 17
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\end_inset
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Managers who don't know the written and un-written rules of
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\series bold
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personally led OpenSource projects
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\series default
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can easily create
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\series bold
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substantial damage
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\series default
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, up to the destruction of a (sub-)project.
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Plain Layout
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\noindent
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\begin_inset Graphics
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filename images/lightbulb_brightlit_benj_.png
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lyxscale 12
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scale 7
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\end_inset
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The principles behind OpenSource movement rules can be found at Eric Raymond's
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articles from the 1990s and early 2000s.
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You need to understand that OpenSource communities are a
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\series bold
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gift culture
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\series default
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, aka
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\series bold
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meritocracy
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\series default
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.
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\end_layout
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\end_inset
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
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\begin_inset Flex Custom Color Box 1
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status open
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\begin_layout Plain Layout
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\begin_inset Argument 1
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status open
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\begin_layout Plain Layout
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\series bold
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Personal leadership in Linux
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\end_layout
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\end_inset
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Practically everybody knows that Linus Torvalds has founded the Linux kernel.
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His name is even encoded into the project name.
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Plain Layout
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\begin_inset Graphics
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filename images/MatieresCorrosives.png
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lyxscale 50
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scale 17
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\end_inset
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As you can read at
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\begin_inset Flex URL
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status open
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\begin_layout Plain Layout
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http://www.kernel.org
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\end_layout
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\end_inset
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, there is no chance to submit a patch originating from a company.
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Linus and the kernel hackers will simply ignore it.
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Only patches submitted by
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\emph on
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individuals
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\emph default
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are acceptable at all.
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It would be bad style to argue
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\begin_inset Quotes eld
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\end_inset
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you must accept this patch because I am from company XYZ, and I am paid
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by my company to create this patch
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\begin_inset Quotes erd
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\end_inset
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.
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Even if the company name had three capital letters, it wouldn't help.
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\end_layout
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\end_inset
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
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\begin_inset Flex Custom Color Box 1
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status open
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\begin_layout Plain Layout
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\begin_inset Argument 1
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status open
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\begin_layout Plain Layout
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\series bold
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Kernel modules like MARS
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\end_layout
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\end_inset
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Plain Layout
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\begin_inset Graphics
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filename images/MatieresCorrosives.png
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lyxscale 50
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scale 17
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\end_inset
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As mentioned above, MARS would have no long-term chance for survival unless
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OpenSource.
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Since it is a Linux kernel module, it
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\series bold
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\emph on
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cannot exist
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\emph default
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independently from Linux
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\series default
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.
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Plain Layout
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\noindent
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\begin_inset Graphics
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filename images/lightbulb_brightlit_benj_.png
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lyxscale 12
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scale 7
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||||
\end_inset
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||||
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Consequence: anyone who wants to work at the core of the MARS project
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\series bold
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||||
\emph on
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||||
must accept
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||||
\emph default
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the same rules
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||||
\series default
|
||||
as for the Linux kernel
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\begin_inset Foot
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||||
status open
|
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|
||||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
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Example:
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\family typewriter
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grsecurity
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\family default
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was
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\emph on
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||||
technically
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||||
\emph default
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||||
a sub-project of Linux, but did not comply to the rules of the Linux community.
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Therefore it failed in 2017, after more of a decade of OpenSource activity.
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Some of its remains are now migrated into mainstream, but not by the original
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founder of the technical sub-project.
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\end_layout
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||||
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\end_inset
|
||||
|
||||
.
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||||
\noindent
|
||||
\begin_inset Graphics
|
||||
filename images/MatieresCorrosives.png
|
||||
lyxscale 50
|
||||
scale 17
|
||||
|
||||
\end_inset
|
||||
|
||||
Eric Raymond's famous articles need to be obeyed, too.
|
||||
For example, as a company you
|
||||
\emph on
|
||||
cannot decide
|
||||
\emph default
|
||||
to replace the founder of the project (which started only upon personal
|
||||
initiative and
|
||||
\emph on
|
||||
not
|
||||
\emph default
|
||||
as a company project), with another person.
|
||||
Otherwise, the public OpenSource project would be either dead, or it would
|
||||
necessarily lead to a project fork.
|
||||
Only one of the forks could survive in long term, and be included into
|
||||
mainstream Linux.
|
||||
Which one will become clear to you, once you have read Eric Raymond's articles
|
||||
(if you cannot guess it anyway from terms like
|
||||
\series bold
|
||||
meritocracy
|
||||
\series default
|
||||
).
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\end_inset
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout Section
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue