mirror of https://git.ffmpeg.org/ffmpeg.git
1064 lines
34 KiB
Plaintext
1064 lines
34 KiB
Plaintext
\input texinfo @c -*- texinfo -*-
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@settitle avconv Documentation
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@titlepage
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@center @titlefont{avconv Documentation}
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@end titlepage
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@top
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@contents
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@chapter Synopsis
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The generic syntax is:
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@example
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@c man begin SYNOPSIS
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avconv [global options] [[infile options][@option{-i} @var{infile}]]... @{[outfile options] @var{outfile}@}...
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@c man end
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@end example
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@chapter Description
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@c man begin DESCRIPTION
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avconv is a very fast video and audio converter that can also grab from
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a live audio/video source. It can also convert between arbitrary sample
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rates and resize video on the fly with a high quality polyphase filter.
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avconv reads from an arbitrary number of input "files" (which can be regular
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files, pipes, network streams, grabbing devices, etc.), specified by the
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@code{-i} option, and writes to an arbitrary number of output "files", which are
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specified by a plain output filename. Anything found on the command line which
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cannot be interpreted as an option is considered to be an output filename.
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Each input or output file can in principle contain any number of streams of
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different types (video/audio/subtitle/attachment/data). Allowed number and/or
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types of streams can be limited by the container format. Selecting, which
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streams from which inputs go into output, is done either automatically or with
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the @code{-map} option (see the Stream selection chapter).
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To refer to input files in options, you must use their indices (0-based). E.g.
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the first input file is @code{0}, the second is @code{1} etc. Similarly, streams
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within a file are referred to by their indices. E.g. @code{2:3} refers to the
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fourth stream in the third input file. See also the Stream specifiers chapter.
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As a general rule, options are applied to the next specified
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file. Therefore, order is important, and you can have the same
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option on the command line multiple times. Each occurrence is
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then applied to the next input or output file.
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Exceptions from this rule are the global options (e.g. verbosity level),
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which should be specified first.
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Do not mix input and output files -- first specify all input files, then all
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output files. Also do not mix options which belong to different files. All
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options apply ONLY to the next input or output file and are reset between files.
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@itemize
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@item
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To set the video bitrate of the output file to 64kbit/s:
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@example
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avconv -i input.avi -b 64k output.avi
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@end example
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@item
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To force the frame rate of the output file to 24 fps:
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@example
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avconv -i input.avi -r 24 output.avi
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@end example
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@item
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To force the frame rate of the input file (valid for raw formats only)
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to 1 fps and the frame rate of the output file to 24 fps:
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@example
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avconv -r 1 -i input.m2v -r 24 output.avi
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@end example
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@end itemize
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The format option may be needed for raw input files.
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@c man end DESCRIPTION
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@chapter Stream selection
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@c man begin STREAM SELECTION
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By default avconv tries to pick the "best" stream of each type present in input
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files and add them to each output file. For video, this means the highest
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resolution, for audio the highest channel count. For subtitle it's simply the
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first subtitle stream.
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You can disable some of those defaults by using @code{-vn/-an/-sn} options. For
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full manual control, use the @code{-map} option, which disables the defaults just
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described.
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@c man end STREAM SELECTION
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@chapter Options
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@c man begin OPTIONS
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@include avtools-common-opts.texi
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@section Main options
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@table @option
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@item -f @var{fmt} (@emph{input/output})
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Force input or output file format. The format is normally autodetected for input
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files and guessed from file extension for output files, so this option is not
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needed in most cases.
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@item -i @var{filename} (@emph{input})
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input file name
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@item -y (@emph{global})
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Overwrite output files without asking.
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@item -n (@emph{global})
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Do not overwrite output files but exit if file exists.
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@item -c[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{codec} (@emph{input/output,per-stream})
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@itemx -codec[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{codec} (@emph{input/output,per-stream})
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Select an encoder (when used before an output file) or a decoder (when used
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before an input file) for one or more streams. @var{codec} is the name of a
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decoder/encoder or a special value @code{copy} (output only) to indicate that
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the stream is not to be reencoded.
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For example
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@example
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avconv -i INPUT -map 0 -c:v libx264 -c:a copy OUTPUT
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@end example
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encodes all video streams with libx264 and copies all audio streams.
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For each stream, the last matching @code{c} option is applied, so
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@example
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avconv -i INPUT -map 0 -c copy -c:v:1 libx264 -c:a:137 libvorbis OUTPUT
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@end example
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will copy all the streams except the second video, which will be encoded with
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libx264, and the 138th audio, which will be encoded with libvorbis.
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@item -t @var{duration} (@emph{output})
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Stop writing the output after its duration reaches @var{duration}.
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@var{duration} may be a number in seconds, or in @code{hh:mm:ss[.xxx]} form.
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@item -fs @var{limit_size} (@emph{output})
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Set the file size limit.
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@item -ss @var{position} (@emph{input/output})
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When used as an input option (before @code{-i}), seeks in this input file to
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@var{position}. When used as an output option (before an output filename),
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decodes but discards input until the timestamps reach @var{position}. This is
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slower, but more accurate.
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@var{position} may be either in seconds or in @code{hh:mm:ss[.xxx]} form.
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@item -itsoffset @var{offset} (@emph{input})
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Set the input time offset in seconds.
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@code{[-]hh:mm:ss[.xxx]} syntax is also supported.
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The offset is added to the timestamps of the input files.
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Specifying a positive offset means that the corresponding
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streams are delayed by @var{offset} seconds.
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@item -metadata[:metadata_specifier] @var{key}=@var{value} (@emph{output,per-metadata})
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Set a metadata key/value pair.
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An optional @var{metadata_specifier} may be given to set metadata
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on streams or chapters. See @code{-map_metadata} documentation for
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details.
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This option overrides metadata set with @code{-map_metadata}. It is
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also possible to delete metadata by using an empty value.
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For example, for setting the title in the output file:
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@example
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avconv -i in.avi -metadata title="my title" out.flv
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@end example
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To set the language of the first audio stream:
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@example
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avconv -i INPUT -metadata:s:a:0 language=eng OUTPUT
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@end example
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@item -target @var{type} (@emph{output})
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Specify target file type (@code{vcd}, @code{svcd}, @code{dvd}, @code{dv},
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@code{dv50}). @var{type} may be prefixed with @code{pal-}, @code{ntsc-} or
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@code{film-} to use the corresponding standard. All the format options
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(bitrate, codecs, buffer sizes) are then set automatically. You can just type:
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@example
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avconv -i myfile.avi -target vcd /tmp/vcd.mpg
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@end example
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Nevertheless you can specify additional options as long as you know
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they do not conflict with the standard, as in:
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@example
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avconv -i myfile.avi -target vcd -bf 2 /tmp/vcd.mpg
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@end example
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@item -dframes @var{number} (@emph{output})
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Set the number of data frames to record. This is an alias for @code{-frames:d}.
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@item -frames[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{framecount} (@emph{output,per-stream})
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Stop writing to the stream after @var{framecount} frames.
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@item -q[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{q} (@emph{output,per-stream})
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@itemx -qscale[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{q} (@emph{output,per-stream})
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Use fixed quality scale (VBR). The meaning of @var{q} is
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codec-dependent.
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@item -filter[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{filter_graph} (@emph{output,per-stream})
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@var{filter_graph} is a description of the filter graph to apply to
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the stream. Use @code{-filters} to show all the available filters
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(including also sources and sinks).
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@item -pre[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{preset_name} (@emph{output,per-stream})
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Specify the preset for matching stream(s).
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@item -stats (@emph{global})
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Print encoding progress/statistics. On by default.
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@item -attach @var{filename} (@emph{output})
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Add an attachment to the output file. This is supported by a few formats
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like Matroska for e.g. fonts used in rendering subtitles. Attachments
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are implemented as a specific type of stream, so this option will add
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a new stream to the file. It is then possible to use per-stream options
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on this stream in the usual way. Attachment streams created with this
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option will be created after all the other streams (i.e. those created
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with @code{-map} or automatic mappings).
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Note that for Matroska you also have to set the mimetype metadata tag:
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@example
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avconv -i INPUT -attach DejaVuSans.ttf -metadata:s:2 mimetype=application/x-truetype-font out.mkv
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@end example
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(assuming that the attachment stream will be third in the output file).
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@item -dump_attachment[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{filename} (@emph{input,per-stream})
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Extract the matching attachment stream into a file named @var{filename}. If
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@var{filename} is empty, then the value of the @code{filename} metadata tag
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will be used.
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E.g. to extract the first attachment to a file named 'out.ttf':
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@example
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avconv -dump_attachment:t:0 out.ttf INPUT
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@end example
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To extract all attachments to files determined by the @code{filename} tag:
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@example
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avconv -dump_attachment:t "" INPUT
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@end example
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Technical note -- attachments are implemented as codec extradata, so this
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option can actually be used to extract extradata from any stream, not just
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attachments.
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@end table
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@section Video Options
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@table @option
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@item -vframes @var{number} (@emph{output})
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Set the number of video frames to record. This is an alias for @code{-frames:v}.
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@item -r[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{fps} (@emph{input/output,per-stream})
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Set frame rate (Hz value, fraction or abbreviation), (default = 25).
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@item -s[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{size} (@emph{input/output,per-stream})
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Set frame size. The format is @samp{wxh} (default - same as source).
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The following abbreviations are recognized:
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@table @samp
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@item sqcif
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128x96
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@item qcif
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176x144
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@item cif
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352x288
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@item 4cif
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704x576
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@item 16cif
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1408x1152
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@item qqvga
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160x120
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@item qvga
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320x240
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@item vga
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640x480
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@item svga
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800x600
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@item xga
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1024x768
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@item uxga
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1600x1200
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@item qxga
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2048x1536
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@item sxga
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1280x1024
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@item qsxga
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2560x2048
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@item hsxga
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5120x4096
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@item wvga
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852x480
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@item wxga
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1366x768
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@item wsxga
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1600x1024
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@item wuxga
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1920x1200
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@item woxga
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2560x1600
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@item wqsxga
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3200x2048
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@item wquxga
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3840x2400
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@item whsxga
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6400x4096
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@item whuxga
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7680x4800
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@item cga
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320x200
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@item ega
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640x350
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@item hd480
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852x480
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@item hd720
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1280x720
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@item hd1080
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1920x1080
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@end table
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@item -aspect[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{aspect} (@emph{output,per-stream})
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Set the video display aspect ratio specified by @var{aspect}.
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@var{aspect} can be a floating point number string, or a string of the
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form @var{num}:@var{den}, where @var{num} and @var{den} are the
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numerator and denominator of the aspect ratio. For example "4:3",
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"16:9", "1.3333", and "1.7777" are valid argument values.
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@item -vn (@emph{output})
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Disable video recording.
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@item -bt @var{tolerance}
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Set video bitrate tolerance (in bits, default 4000k).
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Has a minimum value of: (target_bitrate/target_framerate).
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In 1-pass mode, bitrate tolerance specifies how far ratecontrol is
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willing to deviate from the target average bitrate value. This is
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not related to min/max bitrate. Lowering tolerance too much has
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an adverse effect on quality.
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@item -maxrate @var{bitrate}
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Set max video bitrate (in bit/s).
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Requires -bufsize to be set.
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@item -minrate @var{bitrate}
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Set min video bitrate (in bit/s).
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Most useful in setting up a CBR encode:
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@example
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avconv -i myfile.avi -b 4000k -minrate 4000k -maxrate 4000k -bufsize 1835k out.m2v
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@end example
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It is of little use elsewise.
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@item -bufsize @var{size}
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Set video buffer verifier buffer size (in bits).
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@item -vcodec @var{codec} (@emph{output})
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Set the video codec. This is an alias for @code{-codec:v}.
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@item -same_quant
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Use same quantizer as source (implies VBR).
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Note that this is NOT SAME QUALITY. Do not use this option unless you know you
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need it.
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@item -pass @var{n}
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Select the pass number (1 or 2). It is used to do two-pass
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video encoding. The statistics of the video are recorded in the first
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pass into a log file (see also the option -passlogfile),
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and in the second pass that log file is used to generate the video
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at the exact requested bitrate.
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On pass 1, you may just deactivate audio and set output to null,
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examples for Windows and Unix:
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@example
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avconv -i foo.mov -c:v libxvid -pass 1 -an -f rawvideo -y NUL
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avconv -i foo.mov -c:v libxvid -pass 1 -an -f rawvideo -y /dev/null
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@end example
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@item -passlogfile @var{prefix} (@emph{global})
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Set two-pass log file name prefix to @var{prefix}, the default file name
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prefix is ``av2pass''. The complete file name will be
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@file{PREFIX-N.log}, where N is a number specific to the output
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stream.
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@item -vf @var{filter_graph} (@emph{output})
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@var{filter_graph} is a description of the filter graph to apply to
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the input video.
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Use the option "-filters" to show all the available filters (including
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also sources and sinks). This is an alias for @code{-filter:v}.
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@end table
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@section Advanced Video Options
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@table @option
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@item -pix_fmt[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{format} (@emph{input/output,per-stream})
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Set pixel format. Use @code{-pix_fmts} to show all the supported
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pixel formats.
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@item -sws_flags @var{flags} (@emph{input/output})
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Set SwScaler flags.
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@item -g @var{gop_size}
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Set the group of pictures size.
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@item -vdt @var{n}
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Discard threshold.
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@item -qmin @var{q}
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minimum video quantizer scale (VBR)
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@item -qmax @var{q}
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maximum video quantizer scale (VBR)
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@item -qdiff @var{q}
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maximum difference between the quantizer scales (VBR)
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@item -qblur @var{blur}
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video quantizer scale blur (VBR) (range 0.0 - 1.0)
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@item -qcomp @var{compression}
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video quantizer scale compression (VBR) (default 0.5).
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Constant of ratecontrol equation. Recommended range for default rc_eq: 0.0-1.0
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@item -lmin @var{lambda}
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minimum video lagrange factor (VBR)
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@item -lmax @var{lambda}
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max video lagrange factor (VBR)
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@item -mblmin @var{lambda}
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minimum macroblock quantizer scale (VBR)
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@item -mblmax @var{lambda}
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maximum macroblock quantizer scale (VBR)
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These four options (lmin, lmax, mblmin, mblmax) use 'lambda' units,
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but you may use the QP2LAMBDA constant to easily convert from 'q' units:
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@example
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avconv -i src.ext -lmax 21*QP2LAMBDA dst.ext
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@end example
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@item -rc_init_cplx @var{complexity}
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initial complexity for single pass encoding
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@item -b_qfactor @var{factor}
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qp factor between P- and B-frames
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@item -i_qfactor @var{factor}
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qp factor between P- and I-frames
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@item -b_qoffset @var{offset}
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qp offset between P- and B-frames
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@item -i_qoffset @var{offset}
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qp offset between P- and I-frames
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@item -rc_eq @var{equation}
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Set rate control equation (see section "Expression Evaluation")
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(default = @code{tex^qComp}).
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When computing the rate control equation expression, besides the
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standard functions defined in the section "Expression Evaluation", the
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following functions are available:
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@table @var
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@item bits2qp(bits)
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@item qp2bits(qp)
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@end table
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and the following constants are available:
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@table @var
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@item iTex
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@item pTex
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@item tex
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@item mv
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@item fCode
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@item iCount
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@item mcVar
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@item var
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@item isI
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@item isP
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@item isB
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@item avgQP
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@item qComp
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@item avgIITex
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@item avgPITex
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@item avgPPTex
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@item avgBPTex
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@item avgTex
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@end table
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@item -rc_override[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{override} (@emph{output,per-stream})
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rate control override for specific intervals
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@item -me_method @var{method}
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Set motion estimation method to @var{method}.
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Available methods are (from lowest to best quality):
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@table @samp
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@item zero
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Try just the (0, 0) vector.
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@item phods
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@item log
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@item x1
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@item hex
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@item umh
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@item epzs
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(default method)
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@item full
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exhaustive search (slow and marginally better than epzs)
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@item -er @var{n}
|
|
Set error resilience to @var{n}.
|
|
@table @samp
|
|
@item 1
|
|
FF_ER_CAREFUL (default)
|
|
@item 2
|
|
FF_ER_COMPLIANT
|
|
@item 3
|
|
FF_ER_AGGRESSIVE
|
|
@item 4
|
|
FF_ER_VERY_AGGRESSIVE
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@item -ec @var{bit_mask}
|
|
Set error concealment to @var{bit_mask}. @var{bit_mask} is a bit mask of
|
|
the following values:
|
|
@table @samp
|
|
@item 1
|
|
FF_EC_GUESS_MVS (default = enabled)
|
|
@item 2
|
|
FF_EC_DEBLOCK (default = enabled)
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@item -bf @var{frames}
|
|
Use 'frames' B-frames (supported for MPEG-1, MPEG-2 and MPEG-4).
|
|
@item -mbd @var{mode}
|
|
macroblock decision
|
|
@table @samp
|
|
@item 0
|
|
FF_MB_DECISION_SIMPLE: Use mb_cmp (cannot change it yet in avconv).
|
|
@item 1
|
|
FF_MB_DECISION_BITS: Choose the one which needs the fewest bits.
|
|
@item 2
|
|
FF_MB_DECISION_RD: rate distortion
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@item -bug @var{param}
|
|
Work around encoder bugs that are not auto-detected.
|
|
@item -strict @var{strictness}
|
|
How strictly to follow the standards.
|
|
|
|
@item -deinterlace
|
|
Deinterlace pictures.
|
|
@item -vstats
|
|
Dump video coding statistics to @file{vstats_HHMMSS.log}.
|
|
@item -vstats_file @var{file}
|
|
Dump video coding statistics to @var{file}.
|
|
@item -top[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{n} (@emph{output,per-stream})
|
|
top=1/bottom=0/auto=-1 field first
|
|
@item -dc @var{precision}
|
|
Intra_dc_precision.
|
|
@item -vtag @var{fourcc/tag} (@emph{output})
|
|
Force video tag/fourcc. This is an alias for @code{-tag:v}.
|
|
@item -qphist (@emph{global})
|
|
Show QP histogram.
|
|
@item -force_key_frames[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{time}[,@var{time}...] (@emph{output,per-stream})
|
|
Force key frames at the specified timestamps, more precisely at the first
|
|
frames after each specified time.
|
|
This option can be useful to ensure that a seek point is present at a
|
|
chapter mark or any other designated place in the output file.
|
|
The timestamps must be specified in ascending order.
|
|
|
|
@item -copyinkf[:@var{stream_specifier}] (@emph{output,per-stream})
|
|
When doing stream copy, copy also non-key frames found at the
|
|
beginning.
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@section Audio Options
|
|
|
|
@table @option
|
|
@item -aframes @var{number} (@emph{output})
|
|
Set the number of audio frames to record. This is an alias for @code{-frames:a}.
|
|
@item -ar[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{freq} (@emph{input/output,per-stream})
|
|
Set the audio sampling frequency. For output streams it is set by
|
|
default to the frequency of the corresponding input stream. For input
|
|
streams this option only makes sense for audio grabbing devices and raw
|
|
demuxers and is mapped to the corresponding demuxer options.
|
|
@item -aq @var{q} (@emph{output})
|
|
Set the audio quality (codec-specific, VBR). This is an alias for -q:a.
|
|
@item -ac[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{channels} (@emph{input/output,per-stream})
|
|
Set the number of audio channels. For output streams it is set by
|
|
default to the number of input audio channels. For input streams
|
|
this option only makes sense for audio grabbing devices and raw demuxers
|
|
and is mapped to the corresponding demuxer options.
|
|
@item -an (@emph{output})
|
|
Disable audio recording.
|
|
@item -acodec @var{codec} (@emph{input/output})
|
|
Set the audio codec. This is an alias for @code{-codec:a}.
|
|
@item -sample_fmt[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{sample_fmt} (@emph{output,per-stream})
|
|
Set the audio sample format. Use @code{-sample_fmts} to get a list
|
|
of supported sample formats.
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@section Advanced Audio options:
|
|
|
|
@table @option
|
|
@item -atag @var{fourcc/tag} (@emph{output})
|
|
Force audio tag/fourcc. This is an alias for @code{-tag:a}.
|
|
@item -audio_service_type @var{type}
|
|
Set the type of service that the audio stream contains.
|
|
@table @option
|
|
@item ma
|
|
Main Audio Service (default)
|
|
@item ef
|
|
Effects
|
|
@item vi
|
|
Visually Impaired
|
|
@item hi
|
|
Hearing Impaired
|
|
@item di
|
|
Dialogue
|
|
@item co
|
|
Commentary
|
|
@item em
|
|
Emergency
|
|
@item vo
|
|
Voice Over
|
|
@item ka
|
|
Karaoke
|
|
@end table
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@section Subtitle options:
|
|
|
|
@table @option
|
|
@item -scodec @var{codec} (@emph{input/output})
|
|
Set the subtitle codec. This is an alias for @code{-codec:s}.
|
|
@item -sn (@emph{output})
|
|
Disable subtitle recording.
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@section Audio/Video grab options
|
|
|
|
@table @option
|
|
@item -isync (@emph{global})
|
|
Synchronize read on input.
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@section Advanced options
|
|
|
|
@table @option
|
|
@item -map [-]@var{input_file_id}[:@var{stream_specifier}][,@var{sync_file_id}[:@var{stream_specifier}]] (@emph{output})
|
|
|
|
Designate one or more input streams as a source for the output file. Each input
|
|
stream is identified by the input file index @var{input_file_id} and
|
|
the input stream index @var{input_stream_id} within the input
|
|
file. Both indices start at 0. If specified,
|
|
@var{sync_file_id}:@var{stream_specifier} sets which input stream
|
|
is used as a presentation sync reference.
|
|
|
|
The first @code{-map} option on the command line specifies the
|
|
source for output stream 0, the second @code{-map} option specifies
|
|
the source for output stream 1, etc.
|
|
|
|
A @code{-} character before the stream identifier creates a "negative" mapping.
|
|
It disables matching streams from already created mappings.
|
|
|
|
For example, to map ALL streams from the first input file to output
|
|
@example
|
|
avconv -i INPUT -map 0 output
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
For example, if you have two audio streams in the first input file,
|
|
these streams are identified by "0:0" and "0:1". You can use
|
|
@code{-map} to select which streams to place in an output file. For
|
|
example:
|
|
@example
|
|
avconv -i INPUT -map 0:1 out.wav
|
|
@end example
|
|
will map the input stream in @file{INPUT} identified by "0:1" to
|
|
the (single) output stream in @file{out.wav}.
|
|
|
|
For example, to select the stream with index 2 from input file
|
|
@file{a.mov} (specified by the identifier "0:2"), and stream with
|
|
index 6 from input @file{b.mov} (specified by the identifier "1:6"),
|
|
and copy them to the output file @file{out.mov}:
|
|
@example
|
|
avconv -i a.mov -i b.mov -c copy -map 0:2 -map 1:6 out.mov
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
To select all video and the third audio stream from an input file:
|
|
@example
|
|
avconv -i INPUT -map 0:v -map 0:a:2 OUTPUT
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
To map all the streams except the second audio, use negative mappings
|
|
@example
|
|
avconv -i INPUT -map 0 -map -0:a:1 OUTPUT
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
Note that using this option disables the default mappings for this output file.
|
|
|
|
@item -map_metadata[:@var{metadata_spec_out}] @var{infile}[:@var{metadata_spec_in}] (@emph{output,per-metadata})
|
|
Set metadata information of the next output file from @var{infile}. Note that
|
|
those are file indices (zero-based), not filenames.
|
|
Optional @var{metadata_spec_in/out} parameters specify, which metadata to copy.
|
|
A metadata specifier can have the following forms:
|
|
@table @option
|
|
@item @var{g}
|
|
global metadata, i.e. metadata that applies to the whole file
|
|
|
|
@item @var{s}[:@var{stream_spec}]
|
|
per-stream metadata. @var{stream_spec} is a stream specifier as described
|
|
in the @ref{Stream specifiers} chapter. In an input metadata specifier, the first
|
|
matching stream is copied from. In an output metadata specifier, all matching
|
|
streams are copied to.
|
|
|
|
@item @var{c}:@var{chapter_index}
|
|
per-chapter metadata. @var{chapter_index} is the zero-based chapter index.
|
|
|
|
@item @var{p}:@var{program_index}
|
|
per-program metadata. @var{program_index} is the zero-based program index.
|
|
@end table
|
|
If metadata specifier is omitted, it defaults to global.
|
|
|
|
By default, global metadata is copied from the first input file,
|
|
per-stream and per-chapter metadata is copied along with streams/chapters. These
|
|
default mappings are disabled by creating any mapping of the relevant type. A negative
|
|
file index can be used to create a dummy mapping that just disables automatic copying.
|
|
|
|
For example to copy metadata from the first stream of the input file to global metadata
|
|
of the output file:
|
|
@example
|
|
avconv -i in.ogg -map_metadata 0:s:0 out.mp3
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
To do the reverse, i.e. copy global metadata to all audio streams:
|
|
@example
|
|
avconv -i in.mkv -map_metadata:s:a 0:g out.mkv
|
|
@end example
|
|
Note that simple @code{0} would work as well in this example, since global
|
|
metadata is assumed by default.
|
|
|
|
@item -map_chapters @var{input_file_index} (@emph{output})
|
|
Copy chapters from input file with index @var{input_file_index} to the next
|
|
output file. If no chapter mapping is specified, then chapters are copied from
|
|
the first input file with at least one chapter. Use a negative file index to
|
|
disable any chapter copying.
|
|
@item -debug
|
|
Print specific debug info.
|
|
@item -benchmark (@emph{global})
|
|
Show benchmarking information at the end of an encode.
|
|
Shows CPU time used and maximum memory consumption.
|
|
Maximum memory consumption is not supported on all systems,
|
|
it will usually display as 0 if not supported.
|
|
@item -timelimit @var{duration} (@emph{global})
|
|
Exit after avconv has been running for @var{duration} seconds.
|
|
@item -dump (@emph{global})
|
|
Dump each input packet to stderr.
|
|
@item -hex (@emph{global})
|
|
When dumping packets, also dump the payload.
|
|
@item -ps @var{size}
|
|
Set RTP payload size in bytes.
|
|
@item -re (@emph{input})
|
|
Read input at native frame rate. Mainly used to simulate a grab device.
|
|
@item -threads @var{count}
|
|
Thread count.
|
|
@item -vsync @var{parameter}
|
|
Video sync method.
|
|
|
|
@table @option
|
|
@item passthrough
|
|
Each frame is passed with its timestamp from the demuxer to the muxer.
|
|
@item cfr
|
|
Frames will be duplicated and dropped to achieve exactly the requested
|
|
constant framerate.
|
|
@item vfr
|
|
Frames are passed through with their timestamp or dropped so as to
|
|
prevent 2 frames from having the same timestamp.
|
|
@item auto
|
|
Chooses between 1 and 2 depending on muxer capabilities. This is the
|
|
default method.
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
With -map you can select from which stream the timestamps should be
|
|
taken. You can leave either video or audio unchanged and sync the
|
|
remaining stream(s) to the unchanged one.
|
|
|
|
@item -async @var{samples_per_second}
|
|
Audio sync method. "Stretches/squeezes" the audio stream to match the timestamps,
|
|
the parameter is the maximum samples per second by which the audio is changed.
|
|
-async 1 is a special case where only the start of the audio stream is corrected
|
|
without any later correction.
|
|
@item -copyts
|
|
Copy timestamps from input to output.
|
|
@item -copytb
|
|
Copy input stream time base from input to output when stream copying.
|
|
@item -shortest
|
|
Finish encoding when the shortest input stream ends.
|
|
@item -dts_delta_threshold
|
|
Timestamp discontinuity delta threshold.
|
|
@item -muxdelay @var{seconds} (@emph{input})
|
|
Set the maximum demux-decode delay.
|
|
@item -muxpreload @var{seconds} (@emph{input})
|
|
Set the initial demux-decode delay.
|
|
@item -streamid @var{output-stream-index}:@var{new-value} (@emph{output})
|
|
Assign a new stream-id value to an output stream. This option should be
|
|
specified prior to the output filename to which it applies.
|
|
For the situation where multiple output files exist, a streamid
|
|
may be reassigned to a different value.
|
|
|
|
For example, to set the stream 0 PID to 33 and the stream 1 PID to 36 for
|
|
an output mpegts file:
|
|
@example
|
|
avconv -i infile -streamid 0:33 -streamid 1:36 out.ts
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@item -bsf[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{bitstream_filters} (@emph{output,per-stream})
|
|
Set bitstream filters for matching streams. @var{bistream_filters} is
|
|
a comma-separated list of bitstream filters. Use the @code{-bsfs} option
|
|
to get the list of bitstream filters.
|
|
@example
|
|
avconv -i h264.mp4 -c:v copy -vbsf h264_mp4toannexb -an out.h264
|
|
@end example
|
|
@example
|
|
avconv -i file.mov -an -vn -sbsf mov2textsub -c:s copy -f rawvideo sub.txt
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@item -tag[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{codec_tag} (@emph{output,per-stream})
|
|
Force a tag/fourcc for matching streams.
|
|
@end table
|
|
@c man end OPTIONS
|
|
|
|
@chapter Tips
|
|
@c man begin TIPS
|
|
|
|
@itemize
|
|
@item
|
|
For streaming at very low bitrate application, use a low frame rate
|
|
and a small GOP size. This is especially true for RealVideo where
|
|
the Linux player does not seem to be very fast, so it can miss
|
|
frames. An example is:
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
avconv -g 3 -r 3 -t 10 -b 50k -s qcif -f rv10 /tmp/b.rm
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
The parameter 'q' which is displayed while encoding is the current
|
|
quantizer. The value 1 indicates that a very good quality could
|
|
be achieved. The value 31 indicates the worst quality. If q=31 appears
|
|
too often, it means that the encoder cannot compress enough to meet
|
|
your bitrate. You must either increase the bitrate, decrease the
|
|
frame rate or decrease the frame size.
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
If your computer is not fast enough, you can speed up the
|
|
compression at the expense of the compression ratio. You can use
|
|
'-me zero' to speed up motion estimation, and '-intra' to disable
|
|
motion estimation completely (you have only I-frames, which means it
|
|
is about as good as JPEG compression).
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
To have very low audio bitrates, reduce the sampling frequency
|
|
(down to 22050 Hz for MPEG audio, 22050 or 11025 for AC-3).
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
To have a constant quality (but a variable bitrate), use the option
|
|
'-qscale n' when 'n' is between 1 (excellent quality) and 31 (worst
|
|
quality).
|
|
|
|
@end itemize
|
|
@c man end TIPS
|
|
|
|
@chapter Examples
|
|
@c man begin EXAMPLES
|
|
|
|
@section Preset files
|
|
|
|
A preset file contains a sequence of @var{option=value} pairs, one for
|
|
each line, specifying a sequence of options which can be specified also on
|
|
the command line. Lines starting with the hash ('#') character are ignored and
|
|
are used to provide comments. Empty lines are also ignored. Check the
|
|
@file{presets} directory in the Libav source tree for examples.
|
|
|
|
Preset files are specified with the @code{pre} option, this option takes a
|
|
preset name as input. Avconv searches for a file named @var{preset_name}.avpreset in
|
|
the directories @file{$AVCONV_DATADIR} (if set), and @file{$HOME/.avconv}, and in
|
|
the data directory defined at configuration time (usually @file{$PREFIX/share/avconv})
|
|
in that order. For example, if the argument is @code{libx264-max}, it will
|
|
search for the file @file{libx264-max.avpreset}.
|
|
|
|
@section Video and Audio grabbing
|
|
|
|
If you specify the input format and device then avconv can grab video
|
|
and audio directly.
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
avconv -f oss -i /dev/dsp -f video4linux2 -i /dev/video0 /tmp/out.mpg
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
Note that you must activate the right video source and channel before
|
|
launching avconv with any TV viewer such as
|
|
@uref{http://linux.bytesex.org/xawtv/, xawtv} by Gerd Knorr. You also
|
|
have to set the audio recording levels correctly with a
|
|
standard mixer.
|
|
|
|
@section X11 grabbing
|
|
|
|
Grab the X11 display with avconv via
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
avconv -f x11grab -s cif -r 25 -i :0.0 /tmp/out.mpg
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
0.0 is display.screen number of your X11 server, same as
|
|
the DISPLAY environment variable.
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
avconv -f x11grab -s cif -r 25 -i :0.0+10,20 /tmp/out.mpg
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
0.0 is display.screen number of your X11 server, same as the DISPLAY environment
|
|
variable. 10 is the x-offset and 20 the y-offset for the grabbing.
|
|
|
|
@section Video and Audio file format conversion
|
|
|
|
Any supported file format and protocol can serve as input to avconv:
|
|
|
|
Examples:
|
|
@itemize
|
|
@item
|
|
You can use YUV files as input:
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
avconv -i /tmp/test%d.Y /tmp/out.mpg
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
It will use the files:
|
|
@example
|
|
/tmp/test0.Y, /tmp/test0.U, /tmp/test0.V,
|
|
/tmp/test1.Y, /tmp/test1.U, /tmp/test1.V, etc...
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
The Y files use twice the resolution of the U and V files. They are
|
|
raw files, without header. They can be generated by all decent video
|
|
decoders. You must specify the size of the image with the @option{-s} option
|
|
if avconv cannot guess it.
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
You can input from a raw YUV420P file:
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
avconv -i /tmp/test.yuv /tmp/out.avi
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
test.yuv is a file containing raw YUV planar data. Each frame is composed
|
|
of the Y plane followed by the U and V planes at half vertical and
|
|
horizontal resolution.
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
You can output to a raw YUV420P file:
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
avconv -i mydivx.avi hugefile.yuv
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
You can set several input files and output files:
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
avconv -i /tmp/a.wav -s 640x480 -i /tmp/a.yuv /tmp/a.mpg
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
Converts the audio file a.wav and the raw YUV video file a.yuv
|
|
to MPEG file a.mpg.
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
You can also do audio and video conversions at the same time:
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
avconv -i /tmp/a.wav -ar 22050 /tmp/a.mp2
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
Converts a.wav to MPEG audio at 22050 Hz sample rate.
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
You can encode to several formats at the same time and define a
|
|
mapping from input stream to output streams:
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
avconv -i /tmp/a.wav -map 0:a -b 64k /tmp/a.mp2 -map 0:a -b 128k /tmp/b.mp2
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
Converts a.wav to a.mp2 at 64 kbits and to b.mp2 at 128 kbits. '-map
|
|
file:index' specifies which input stream is used for each output
|
|
stream, in the order of the definition of output streams.
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
You can transcode decrypted VOBs:
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
avconv -i snatch_1.vob -f avi -c:v mpeg4 -b:v 800k -g 300 -bf 2 -c:a libmp3lame -b:a 128k snatch.avi
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
This is a typical DVD ripping example; the input is a VOB file, the
|
|
output an AVI file with MPEG-4 video and MP3 audio. Note that in this
|
|
command we use B-frames so the MPEG-4 stream is DivX5 compatible, and
|
|
GOP size is 300 which means one intra frame every 10 seconds for 29.97fps
|
|
input video. Furthermore, the audio stream is MP3-encoded so you need
|
|
to enable LAME support by passing @code{--enable-libmp3lame} to configure.
|
|
The mapping is particularly useful for DVD transcoding
|
|
to get the desired audio language.
|
|
|
|
NOTE: To see the supported input formats, use @code{avconv -formats}.
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
You can extract images from a video, or create a video from many images:
|
|
|
|
For extracting images from a video:
|
|
@example
|
|
avconv -i foo.avi -r 1 -s WxH -f image2 foo-%03d.jpeg
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
This will extract one video frame per second from the video and will
|
|
output them in files named @file{foo-001.jpeg}, @file{foo-002.jpeg},
|
|
etc. Images will be rescaled to fit the new WxH values.
|
|
|
|
If you want to extract just a limited number of frames, you can use the
|
|
above command in combination with the -vframes or -t option, or in
|
|
combination with -ss to start extracting from a certain point in time.
|
|
|
|
For creating a video from many images:
|
|
@example
|
|
avconv -f image2 -i foo-%03d.jpeg -r 12 -s WxH foo.avi
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
The syntax @code{foo-%03d.jpeg} specifies to use a decimal number
|
|
composed of three digits padded with zeroes to express the sequence
|
|
number. It is the same syntax supported by the C printf function, but
|
|
only formats accepting a normal integer are suitable.
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
You can put many streams of the same type in the output:
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
avconv -i test1.avi -i test2.avi -map 0.3 -map 0.2 -map 0.1 -map 0.0 -c copy test12.nut
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
The resulting output file @file{test12.avi} will contain first four streams from
|
|
the input file in reverse order.
|
|
|
|
@end itemize
|
|
@c man end EXAMPLES
|
|
|
|
@include eval.texi
|
|
@include encoders.texi
|
|
@include demuxers.texi
|
|
@include muxers.texi
|
|
@include indevs.texi
|
|
@include outdevs.texi
|
|
@include protocols.texi
|
|
@include bitstream_filters.texi
|
|
@include filters.texi
|
|
@include metadata.texi
|
|
|
|
@ignore
|
|
|
|
@setfilename avconv
|
|
@settitle avconv video converter
|
|
|
|
@c man begin SEEALSO
|
|
ffplay(1), ffprobe(1), ffserver(1) and the FFmpeg HTML documentation
|
|
|
|
@c man end
|
|
|
|
@c man begin AUTHORS
|
|
The Libav developers
|
|
@c man end
|
|
|
|
@end ignore
|
|
|
|
@bye
|